Sirtuins and chemokines as markers of replicative and induced senescence of human endotheliocytes

Background. One of the factors of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases is induced endothelial senescence. In this regard, the urgent task of molecular biology and medicine is the search for molecules that affect the process of vascular endotheliocytes senescence.The aim. To assess the expression of Sirt-1,3,6 and chemokines IL-4, CXCL11 in the replicative and induced senescence of human endotheliocytes.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the primary culture of isolated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). HUVECs were cultured under conditions of replicative (natural) and lipopolysaccharide induced senescence.Results. The synthesis of Sirt-1,3,6, IL-4 and CXCL11 was evaluated using western blot analysis. We revealed a decrease in Sirt-1,3,6 synthesis by 1.6–1.8 times (р < 0.05) in the conditions of HUVEC replicative senescence. Induced senescence of endotheliocytes is characterized by a more pronounced decrease (1.7–3.4 times; р < 0.05) in the Sirt-1,3,6 synthesis. CXCL11 synthesis increases by 1.4 times (р < 0.05) in replicative and by 3.4 times (р < 0.05) in induced HUVEC senescence. IL-4 synthesis increases by 4.7 times in conditions of induced HUVEC senescence and doesn’t have changes in replicative senescence of endotheliocytes.Conclusion. These data obtained indicate that sirtuins and chemokines play an important role in the development of endothelial dysfunction observed in natural and induced senescence

EFFECT OF CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES DOPING WITH RARE EARTH ELEMENTS ON CATALYTIC ACTIVITY

The effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles doping with erbium and samarium ions on the redox properties was studied. Rare earth doped СеО2 nanoparticles exhibit higher catalase enzyme-like activity. Among doped samples, the erbium-doped СеО2 nanoparticles demon-strated the highest catalytic activity

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ДОБАВЛЕНИЯ ПАНИТУМУМАБА К КОНВЕРСИОННОЙ ТЕРАПИИ КОЛОРЕКТАЛЬНОГО РАКА С МЕТАСТАЗАМИ В ПЕЧЕНЬ

Panitumumab has been shown to increase progression free and overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.Our purpose was to evaluate whether panitumumab is effective and safe in patients with potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM).Methods. Consecutive analysis of data from 11 patients (KRAS wild) receiving oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy and panitumumab as converse preoperative treatment for potentially resectable CRLM. At the moment of presentation R0-liver resection was not possible due to technical reasons (small remnant volume, large liver vessels involvement etc.). We studied objective response rate, surgical characteristics, skin toxicity profile, and perioperative course. Also expression of EGFR-ligands (transforming growth factor-α and amphiregulin) and   expression of E-cadherin were studied.Results. After median 6 courses of treatment, metastatic liver tumors were reduced considerably (PR) in 8 pts (73 %). Radical liver resection (R0) with 3 median number of removed segments was done in 6 (55 %) patients. Two pts underwent successfully the two-stage surgery (1 – portal vein embolization and 1 – portal vein ligation with partial left resection). Two patients progressed on chemotherapy (18 %). There was no correlation between skin toxicity and response. Mean blood loss was 250 ml. Preoperative administration of panitumumab was associated with higher risk of postoperative infection complication (57.1 %).Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report about using panitumumab as conversion therapy before liver resection. The panitumumab and oxaliplatine-based regimen may increase the resection rate of liver metastases and influence on adhesive and proliferative activity of cancer cells. It is necessary to focus on postoperative infection complications.Доказано, что панитумумаб увеличивает выживаемость без прогрессирования и общую выживаемость у пациентов с метастазами колоректального рака (КРР) в печень.Целью нашего исследования стала оценка безопасности и эффективности добавления панитумумаба к лечению пациентов с потенциально резектабельными метастазами.Методы. В когортное проспективное исследование были включены 11 пациентов (дикий тип KRAS) с метастазами КРР в печень, расцененные исходно как «потенциально резектабельные» и получившие в качестве конверсионной предоперационной терапии панитумумаб в сочетании с химиотерапией на основе оксалиплатина в отделении хирургии печени, поджелудочной железы и желчных путей ФГБУ «РНЦХ им. акад. Б.В. Петровского» РАМН. К исследуемым параметрам относились частота и процент объективного ответа по критериям RECIST 1.1, оценка частоты выполнения резекции в объеме R0, интраоперационные и послеоперационные показатели, такие как кровопотеря во время операции, продолжительность операции, длительность пребывания в стационаре, осложнения, 30-дневная и 90-дневная летальность. Также изучалась экспрессия лигандов рецептора эпидермального фактора роста (EGFR) – трансформирующего фактора роста и амфирегулина, а также E-кадгерина.Результаты. После в среднем 6 курсов лечения частичный объективный ответ был зарегистрирован в 73 % случаев. Радикальную резекцию печени с удалением в среднем 3 сегментов удалось выполнить в один этап у 6 (55 %) пациентов. Два пациента успешно завершили двухэтапное лечение (1 – эмболизация воротной вены и 1 – перевязка правой воротной вены с сегментарной левосторонней резекцией). У 2 пациентов была зафиксирована прогрессия на фоне лечения. Корреляция между степенью выраженности кожной токсичности и объективным ответом отсутствовала. Медиана кровопотери составила 250 мл. Предоперационная терапия панитумумабом сопровождалась повышенным риском послеоперационных инфекционных осложнений (57,1 %).Выводы. По нашим данным, это первое исследование, в котором изучалось добавление панитумумаба к конверсионной терапии метастатического КРР до резекции печени. Режим лечения с использованием панитумумаба и оксалиплатина может увеличить частоту успешных резекций печени и влиять на адгезивные и пролиферативные свойства опухолевых клеток. Необходимо уделять внимание возможности развития послеоперационных инфекционных осложнений.

Prediction of bioaccessible lead in urban and suburban soils with Vis-NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

The successful use of visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) reflectance spectroscopy analysis requires selecting an optimal procedure of data acquisition and an accurate modeling approach. In this study, Vis-NIR with 350–2500 nm wavelengths were applied to detect different forms of lead (Pb) through the spectrally active soil constituents combining principal component regression (PCR) and Partial least-square regression (PLSR) for the Vis-NIR model calibration. Three clouds with different soil spectral properties were divided by the Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) in categories of Pb contamination risks: “low,” “health,” “ecological,” ranging from 200 to 750 mg kg−1. Farm soils were used for calibration (n = 26), and more polluted garden soils (n = 36) from New York City were used for validation. Total and bioaccessible Pb concentrations were examined with PLSR models and compared with Support Vector Machine (SVM) Regression and Boosting Regression Tree (BRT) models. Performances of all models' predictions were qualitatively evaluated by the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Residual Prediction Deviation (RPD), and coefficient of determination (R2). For total Pb, the best predictive models were obtained with BRT (R2 = 0.82 and RMSE 341.80 mg kg−1) followed by SVM (validation, R2 = 0.77 and RMSE 337.96 mg kg−1), and lastly by PLSR (validation, R2 = 0.74 and RMSE 499.04 mg kg−1). The PLSR technique is the most accurate calibration model for bioaccessible Pb with an R2 value of 0.91 and RMSE of 68.27 mg kg−1. The regression analysis indicated that bioaccessible Pb is strongly influenced by organic content, and to a lesser extent, by Fe concentrations. Although PLSR obtained lower accuracy, the model selected many characteristic bands and, thus, provided accurate approach for Pb pollution monitoring. © 2021 Elsevier B.V

RESULTS OF PANITUMUMAB ADDITION TO CONVERSION THERAPY FOR COLORECTAL CANCER LIVER METASTASES

Panitumumab has been shown to increase progression free and overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.Our purpose was to evaluate whether panitumumab is effective and safe in patients with potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM).Methods. Consecutive analysis of data from 11 patients (KRAS wild) receiving oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy and panitumumab as converse preoperative treatment for potentially resectable CRLM. At the moment of presentation R0-liver resection was not possible due to technical reasons (small remnant volume, large liver vessels involvement etc.). We studied objective response rate, surgical characteristics, skin toxicity profile, and perioperative course. Also expression of EGFR-ligands (transforming growth factor-α and amphiregulin) and   expression of E-cadherin were studied.Results. After median 6 courses of treatment, metastatic liver tumors were reduced considerably (PR) in 8 pts (73 %). Radical liver resection (R0) with 3 median number of removed segments was done in 6 (55 %) patients. Two pts underwent successfully the two-stage surgery (1 – portal vein embolization and 1 – portal vein ligation with partial left resection). Two patients progressed on chemotherapy (18 %). There was no correlation between skin toxicity and response. Mean blood loss was 250 ml. Preoperative administration of panitumumab was associated with higher risk of postoperative infection complication (57.1 %).Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report about using panitumumab as conversion therapy before liver resection. The panitumumab and oxaliplatine-based regimen may increase the resection rate of liver metastases and influence on adhesive and proliferative activity of cancer cells. It is necessary to focus on postoperative infection complications

ANALYSIS OF LYMPH NODE METASTASING OF I-III STAGE COLORECTAL CANCER BASED ON RESULTS OF D3 LYMPH NODE DISSECTION

Many  researches made  prove  that  the  improvement of  colorectal  cancer  treatment results has been recently related  with changing in surgery techniques. The goal of the work is to determine peculiarities  of lymphogenic colorectal  cancer  metastasis of patients with I-II cancer  stages living on the territory  of the Russian Federation. These peculiarities  were determined on the  basis of the  study  of lymph nodes  got  from  removed specimens after radical resection with completion lymph-node dissection.This research deals with colorectal  cancer  patients without distant metastasis treated gradually. These patients were subjected to D3 lymph-node dissection radical surgery.The average number of  lymph-nodes got  from  the  colorectal  cancer  specimen of patient of the  Russian Federation makes  39. The average metastasis index of the  studied patients group is not big (0,13) and proves a great  volume of lymph-node dissection. It also may have fundamental prognostic value

Vermiculite-Lizardite Industrial Wastes Promote Plant Growth in a Peat Soil Affected by a Cu/Ni Smelter: a Case Study at the Kola Peninsula, Russia

Some industrial barren areas are extreme habitats created by the deposition of airborne pollutants from non-ferrous smelters. One of such barrens exists in the vicinities of the Cu/Ni smelter, located at the Kola Peninsula, Murmansk region, Russia. This study aimed at evaluating in laboratory conditions the efficiency of various vermiculite-lizardite wastes (industrial wastes of local origin) as soil amendments for plant growth promotion. Peat topsoil (0–20 cm) was collected in the vicinity of the Cu/Ni smelter. Total soil concentrations were 1612, 1481, and 63 mg kg−1 for Ni, Cu, and Co, respectively, and soil pH was 4.3. Soils were amended with lime waste and different types of vermiculite-lizardite wastes (coarse, fine, and thermo-activated at 700 °C), leaving one soil untreated. Weekly wetting-drying cycles, performed during 1 month, allowed amendments to react in the soil. All soils were cultivated with Lolium perenne L. for 21 days under controlled conditions. The plant growth was not influenced by high soil Cu concentration, while Ni and Co caused phytotoxicity. A mix of 10% (w/w) of different vermiculite-lizardite wastes with 10% (w/w) of lime improved the plant growth. Thermo-activated waste showed the best results for promoting plant growth and reducing foliar Ni concentrations from 1022 to 88–117 mg kg−1. However, the plants presented Ni phytotoxicity even in the amended soils and this requires further studies to find a way to reduce it. © 2020, Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo

Correction to: Vermiculite-Lizardite Industrial Wastes Promote Plant Growth in a Peat Soil Affected by a Cu/Ni Smelter: a Case Study at the Kola Peninsula, Russia (Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, (2020), 20, 3, (1013-1018), 10.1007/s42729-020-00188-z)

The Funding Information provided in this article is incomplete.Here is the Funding Information in its entirety.Funding information This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project 19–77-00077), the Russian Academy of Sciences (research topic № 0186– 2019-0011), the CONICYT PIA/BASAL FB0002 project (Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, CAPES), and the RUDN University “5–100” project. © 2020, Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo