49 research outputs found
Highly site-specific H2 adsorption on vicinal Si(001) surfaces
Experimental and theoretical results for the dissociative adsorption of H_2
on vicinal Si(001) surfaces are presented. Using optical second-harmonic
generation, sticking probabilities at the step sites are found to exceed those
on the terraces by up to six orders of magnitude. Density functional theory
calculations indicate the presence of direct adsorption pathways for
monohydride formation but with a dramatically lowered barrier for step
adsorption due to an efficient rehybridization of dangling orbitals.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. (1998). Other
related publications can be found at
http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.htm
Changes in cortical bone response to high-fat diet from adolescence to adulthood in mice
UnlabelledDiabetic obesity is associated with increased fracture risk in adults and adolescents. We find in both adolescent and adult mice dramatically inferior mechanical properties and structural quality of cortical bone, in agreement with the human fracture data, although some aspects of the response to obesity appear to differ by age.IntroductionThe association of obesity with bone is complex and varies with age. Diabetic obese adolescents and adult humans have increased fracture risk. Prior studies have shown reduced mechanical properties as a result of high-fat diet (HFD) but do not fully address size-independent mechanical properties or structural quality, which are important to understand material behavior.MethodsCortical bone from femurs and tibiae from two age groups of C57BL/6 mice fed either HFD or low-fat diet (LFD) were evaluated for structural and bone turnover changes (SEM and histomorphometry) and tested for bending strength, bending stiffness, and fracture toughness. Leptin, IGF-I, and non-enzymatic glycation measurements were also collected.ResultsIn both young and adult mice fed on HFD, femoral strength, stiffness, and toughness are all dramatically lower than controls. Inferior lamellar and osteocyte alignment also point to reduced structural quality in both age groups. Bone size was largely unaffected by HFD, although there was a shift from increasing bone size in obese adolescents to decreasing in adults. IGF-I levels were lower in young obese mice only.ConclusionsWhile the response to obesity of murine cortical bone mass, bone formation, and hormonal changes appear to differ by age, the bone mechanical properties for young and adult groups are similar. In agreement with human fracture trends, adult mice may be similarly susceptible to bone fracture to the young group, although cortical bone in the two age groups responds to diabetic obesity differently
Microscopic theory of quadrupolar ordering in TmTe
We have calculated the crystal electric field of TmTe (T>T_Q) and have
obtained that the ground state of a Tm 4f hole is the doublet in
agreement with Mossbauer experiments. We study the quadrupole interactions
arising from quantum transitions of 4f holes of Tm. An effective attraction is
found at the L point of the Brillouin zone, . Assuming that the
quadrupolar condensation involves a single arm of we show that
there are two variants for quadrupole ordering which are described by the space
groups C2/c and C2/m. The Landau free energy is derived in mean-field theory.
The phase transition is of second order. The corresponding quadrupole order
parameters are combinations of and components. The obtained
domain structure is in agreement with observations from neutron diffraction
studies for TmTe. Calculated lattice distortions are found to be different for
the two variants of quadrupole ordering. We suggest to measure lattice
displacements in order to discriminate between those two structures.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables; accepted by PR
Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΡΡ
Purpose of the study. Comparative evaluation of echocardiographic and morphometric dimensions of the rat heart left ventricle. Materials and methods. The study included 10 outbred male rats weighing 160β180 g. The size of the heart left ventricle was assessed using echocardiography and morphometry. The measurements were carried out according to standard protocols. To perform morphometric measurements, hearts were stopped in systole with a lethal dose (1.0 mg/kg) of 0.025 % strophanthin K solution, and in diastole, by immersing the hearts in a chilled physiological solution (calcium-free medium). Results. It was shown that the systolic size of the left ventricle of the heart according to echocardiography is 1.79Π}0.10 mm, and morphometry 1.64Π}0.09 mm (p = 0,302); diastolic size of the left ventricle, respectively, 3.42Π}0.16 mm and 3.66Π}0.17 mm (Ρ = 0,318). The detected discrepancies do not exceed 10 % and, apparently, are due to the fact that the physiological dimensions of the heart left ventricle are measured by a non-invasive echocardiographic method, and for morphometric measurements of the dimensions in the systole, the heart was stopped by injection of strophanthin K, which entails an overload of heart cells with Ca2+ ions and as a result, contracture of cardiomyocytes; post-mortem cardiac arrest in diastole, in a calcium-free environment, is accompanied by a loss of cardiac muscle tone and, therefore, dilatation of the left ventricle will naturally be greater than physiological. Conclusion. Noninvasive echocardiographic measurement of the size of the heart left ventricle fully reflects the actual size of the left ventricle of the rat heart (the difference does not exceed 10 %), i. e. echocardiographic measurements are valid.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ 10 Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡ-ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΉ 160β180 Π³. Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΉ (1,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³) 0,025 % ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π, Π° Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ β ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΎΡ
Π»Π°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ (Π±Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°). Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ 1,79Π}0,10 ΠΌΠΌ, Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ β 1,64Π}0,09 ΠΌΠΌ (p = 0,302); Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, 3,42Π}0,16 ΠΌΠΌ ΠΈ 3,66Π}0,17 ΠΌΠΌ (Ρ = 0,318). ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ 10 % ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°, Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π, ΡΡΠΎ Π²Π»Π΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π‘Π°2+ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²; ΠΏΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, Π² Π±Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅, ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π΄ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ, Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΡΡΡ (ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ 10 %), Ρ. Π΅. ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ
Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡΡΡ
The aim of the present study is a comparative assessment of the echocardiographic characteristics in female and male mongrel rats. In experiments on anesthetized rats (ketamine 100 mg / kg, iv), it was shown that in female rats, the size and volume of the left ventricle are smaller than in males, but compared with males, their left ventricular ejection fraction, which characterizes its inotropic function, is statistically significantly higher.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡ. Π ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
(ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ 100 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±) ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΌΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅
Π ΠΠΠ¬ Π ΠΠ¦ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ Π ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ€ΠΠ ΠΠ¦ΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠ‘ΠΠ-ΠΠΠ¬Π€Π Π ΠΠΠΠΠ-2 Π ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ§ΠΠΠ Π ΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ§ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠ€ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ ΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ
Literature review is devoted to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and pathogenetic mechanisms that determine the value of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) in atherogenesis. PPAR Ξ± and Ο-2 are nuclear receptors that regulate lipid and glucose metabolism, and immune inflammation in the vascular wall and play a significant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thiazolidindiones, fibrates, Ο-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, statins, and aleglitezar, affecting PPAR Ξ± and Ο-2 can prevent development and progression of atherosclerosis and may be used for primary and secondary prophylaxis of atherosclerosis.ΠΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Ρ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ (PPAR) Π² Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅. PPAR-Π°Π»ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-2 ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π³Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π°. Π’ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ, ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°-3-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ (ΠΠΠΠ), ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ Π°Π»Π΅Π³Π»ΠΈΡΠ°Π·Π°Ρ, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° PPAR Π°Π»ΡΡΠ°- ΠΈ Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-2, ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ·Π°
Π Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²
Resume. The purpose of this investigation is to study the adequacy of the echocardiography method in small laboratory animals for performing acute pharmacological tests. In experiments on white mongrel male rats, a nonselective Γ-adrenoreceptor agonist isoproterenol (20 ΞΌg /kg, i.v.) reduces the end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions and volumes of the heart left ventricle, measured by echocardiography, and increases the shortening and ejection fractions, i.e. has a positive inotropic effect. Cardioselective Γ1-adrenoblocker metoprolol (1 mg / kg, i.v.), on the contrary, increases the left ventricle sizes and reduces the shortening and ejection fractions, i.e. has a negative inotropic effect. Thus, the method of echocardiography in small laboratory animals can be used to conduct acute pharmacological tests.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ - ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ². Π ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π½Π° Π±Π΅Π»ΡΡ
Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
-ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Γ-Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ» (20 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π²) ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΌΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠ°, Ρ. Π΅. ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Γl-Π°Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ» (1 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π²), Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ², ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠ°, Ρ. Π΅. ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²
ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ
The exprimants based on our translational model of chronic post-infarction heart failure within the use of echocardiography showed that in animals after 90 days after the reproduction of the myocardial infarction compared to the sham operated animals there is a significant increase in the endsystolic and end-diastolic sizes of the left ventricle (respectively, from 2.49 Β± 0.09 to 3.91 Β± 0.17 mm, p = 0.0002, and from 3.56 Β± 0.12 to 5.20 Β± 0.19 mm, p = 0.0002) and the decrease of its inotropic function that indicates a simulated pathology. 5 days after the echocardiographic study, the animals' exercise tolerance was assessed in the treadmill-run to failure test. It is proved in rats that 90 days after the coronary artery litigation the tolerance of physical activity decreases sharply β the value of the distance covered by them is 109.21 Β± 11.61 m, which is 2.5 times less than the distance covered by sham operated animals (p = 0.003) and 5.3 times less than the distance covered by intact rats (p = 0.0001), β which is pathognomonic for chronic heart failure and complements the data of previously conducted morpho-histological, biochemical and molecular studies, indicating that the present model reproduces the main clinical and diagnostic signs of the simulated pathology.Π ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 90 ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ, Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ° (ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Ρ 2,49 Β± 0,09 ΠΌΠΌ Π½Π° 2-Π΅ ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ 3,91 Β± 0,17 ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ = 0,0002, ΠΈ Ρ 3,56 Β± 0,12 Π΄ΠΎ 5,20 Β± 0,19 ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ = 0,0002) ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ (Ρ = 0,0046), ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. Π§Π΅ΡΠ΅Π· 5 ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Β«ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π±Π°Π½ β Π±Π΅Π³ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Β» ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 90 ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ β Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΉΠ΄ΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ 109,21 Β± 11,61 ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² 2,5 ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ (Ρ = 0,003) ΠΈ Π² 5,3 ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (Ρ = 0,0001), β ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎ-Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, Π±ΠΈΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ
ΠΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ° TrkA-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° 4-ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Π½Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²
Resume. Relevance. One of the actual problems facing modern medical science is the study of mechanisms and the search for effective ways to activate tissue neovascularization. A possible approach to the decision of this problem is the use of TrkA receptor agonists to activate angiogenesis and, as a consequence, improve the vascularization of ischemic tissues. The aim of this investigation was to study the angiogenic and antiischemic activity of the TrkA receptor agonist the nerve growth factor 4th loop dipeptide mimetic the GK-2 compound. Methods. Experiments were performed on models of hind limb ischemia and myocardial infarction in rats. The compound GK-2 (1 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for 14 days. Effects were evaluated using light microscopy and two-dimensional echocardiography. Results. In the model of the hindlimb ischemia in rats, it was shown that GK-2 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly enhances the vascularization of the ischemic sural muscle. The vascularization index of ischemic tissue in animals treated with GK-2 was almost 2 times higher than in control - 27794 (25218 t 35941) and 14725 (9030 t 19630), respectively (p < 0.001). According to light microscopy, the studied compound reduces the intensity of tissue damage. Under conditions of experimental myocardial infarction, the GK-2 compound reduces the pathological remodeling intensity of the heart left ventricle. Conclusion. It can be assumed that the antiischemic effect of GK-2 is associated with increased vascularization of the affected tissue, i.e. with the stimulation of angiogenesis.ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² TrkA-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π° ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ° TrkA-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° 4-ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Π½Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ-2. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π° Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ. Π‘ΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ-2 (1 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³) Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 14 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΠ-2 (1 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±) Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ-2, Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π² 2 ΡΠ°Π·Π° Π²ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ - 27794 (25218 t 5941) ΠΈ 14725 (9030 t 19630), ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ (p < 0,001). ΠΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ-2 ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΠ-2 ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ, Ρ. Π΅. ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°