49 research outputs found

    Highly site-specific H2 adsorption on vicinal Si(001) surfaces

    Full text link
    Experimental and theoretical results for the dissociative adsorption of H_2 on vicinal Si(001) surfaces are presented. Using optical second-harmonic generation, sticking probabilities at the step sites are found to exceed those on the terraces by up to six orders of magnitude. Density functional theory calculations indicate the presence of direct adsorption pathways for monohydride formation but with a dramatically lowered barrier for step adsorption due to an efficient rehybridization of dangling orbitals.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. (1998). Other related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.htm

    Changes in cortical bone response to high-fat diet from adolescence to adulthood in mice

    Get PDF
    UnlabelledDiabetic obesity is associated with increased fracture risk in adults and adolescents. We find in both adolescent and adult mice dramatically inferior mechanical properties and structural quality of cortical bone, in agreement with the human fracture data, although some aspects of the response to obesity appear to differ by age.IntroductionThe association of obesity with bone is complex and varies with age. Diabetic obese adolescents and adult humans have increased fracture risk. Prior studies have shown reduced mechanical properties as a result of high-fat diet (HFD) but do not fully address size-independent mechanical properties or structural quality, which are important to understand material behavior.MethodsCortical bone from femurs and tibiae from two age groups of C57BL/6 mice fed either HFD or low-fat diet (LFD) were evaluated for structural and bone turnover changes (SEM and histomorphometry) and tested for bending strength, bending stiffness, and fracture toughness. Leptin, IGF-I, and non-enzymatic glycation measurements were also collected.ResultsIn both young and adult mice fed on HFD, femoral strength, stiffness, and toughness are all dramatically lower than controls. Inferior lamellar and osteocyte alignment also point to reduced structural quality in both age groups. Bone size was largely unaffected by HFD, although there was a shift from increasing bone size in obese adolescents to decreasing in adults. IGF-I levels were lower in young obese mice only.ConclusionsWhile the response to obesity of murine cortical bone mass, bone formation, and hormonal changes appear to differ by age, the bone mechanical properties for young and adult groups are similar. In agreement with human fracture trends, adult mice may be similarly susceptible to bone fracture to the young group, although cortical bone in the two age groups responds to diabetic obesity differently

    Microscopic theory of quadrupolar ordering in TmTe

    Full text link
    We have calculated the crystal electric field of TmTe (T>T_Q) and have obtained that the ground state of a Tm 4f hole is the Γ7\Gamma_7 doublet in agreement with Mossbauer experiments. We study the quadrupole interactions arising from quantum transitions of 4f holes of Tm. An effective attraction is found at the L point of the Brillouin zone, q⃗L\vec{q}_L. Assuming that the quadrupolar condensation involves a single arm of q⃗L\vec{q}_L we show that there are two variants for quadrupole ordering which are described by the space groups C2/c and C2/m. The Landau free energy is derived in mean-field theory. The phase transition is of second order. The corresponding quadrupole order parameters are combinations of T2gT_{2g} and EgE_g components. The obtained domain structure is in agreement with observations from neutron diffraction studies for TmTe. Calculated lattice distortions are found to be different for the two variants of quadrupole ordering. We suggest to measure lattice displacements in order to discriminate between those two structures.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables; accepted by PR

    Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° эхокардиографичСских ΠΈ морфомСтричСских характСристик Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° сСрдца крыс

    Get PDF
    Purpose of the study. Comparative evaluation of echocardiographic and morphometric dimensions of the rat heart left ventricle. Materials and methods. The study included 10 outbred male rats weighing 160–180 g. The size of the heart left ventricle was assessed using echocardiography and morphometry. The measurements were carried out according to standard protocols. To perform morphometric measurements, hearts were stopped in systole with a lethal dose (1.0 mg/kg) of 0.025 % strophanthin K solution, and in diastole, by immersing the hearts in a chilled physiological solution (calcium-free medium). Results. It was shown that the systolic size of the left ventricle of the heart according to echocardiography is 1.79Πƒ}0.10 mm, and morphometry 1.64Πƒ}0.09 mm (p = 0,302); diastolic size of the left ventricle, respectively, 3.42Πƒ}0.16 mm and 3.66Πƒ}0.17 mm (Ρ€ = 0,318). The detected discrepancies do not exceed 10 % and, apparently, are due to the fact that the physiological dimensions of the heart left ventricle are measured by a non-invasive echocardiographic method, and for morphometric measurements of the dimensions in the systole, the heart was stopped by injection of strophanthin K, which entails an overload of heart cells with Ca2+ ions and as a result, contracture of cardiomyocytes; post-mortem cardiac arrest in diastole, in a calcium-free environment, is accompanied by a loss of cardiac muscle tone and, therefore, dilatation of the left ventricle will naturally be greater than physiological. Conclusion. Noninvasive echocardiographic measurement of the size of the heart left ventricle fully reflects the actual size of the left ventricle of the rat heart (the difference does not exceed 10 %), i. e. echocardiographic measurements are valid.ЦСль исслСдования. Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° эхокардиографичСских ΠΈ морфомСтричСских Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° сСрдца крыс. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π’ исслСдованиС Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ 10 бСспородных крыс-самцов массой 160–180 Π³. Π Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° сСрдца ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ эхокардиографии ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡ€Ρ„ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ. Π˜Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ согласно стандартным ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°ΠΌ. Для провСдСния морфомСтричСских ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ сСрдца останавливали Π² систолу Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΉ (1,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³) 0,025 % раствора строфантина К, Π° Π² диастолу β€” ΠΏΠΎΠ³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ сСрдСц Π² ΠΎΡ…Π»Π°ΠΆΠ΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ физиологичСский раствор (Π±Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ срСда). Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ систоличСский Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° сСрдца, согласно Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ эхокардиографии, равняСтся 1,79Πƒ}0,10 ΠΌΠΌ, Π° ΠΌΠΎΡ€Ρ„ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ β€” 1,64Πƒ}0,09 ΠΌΠΌ (p = 0,302); диастоличСский Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ°, соотвСтствСнно, 3,42Πƒ}0,16 ΠΌΠΌ ΠΈ 3,66Πƒ}0,17 ΠΌΠΌ (Ρ€ = 0,318). ВыявлСнныС расхоТдСния Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 10 % ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎ всСй видимости, связаны с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ эхокардиографичСским ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ физиологичСскиС Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° сСрдца, Π° для морфомСтричСских ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π² систолу сСрдца останавливали ΠΈΠ½ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ строфантина К, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Ρ‘Ρ‚ Π·Π° собой ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ сСрдца ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π‘Π°2+ ΠΈ вслСдствиС этого ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²; посмСртная остановка сСрдца Π² диастолу, Π² Π±Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ срСдС, сопровоТдаСтся ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΉ тонуса сСрдСчной ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†Ρ‹ ΠΈ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ, дилатация Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚, СстСствСнно, большС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ физиологичСская. Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. НСинвазивноС эхокардиографичСскоС ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° сСрдца достаточно Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ фактичСскиС Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° сСрдца крысы (расхоТдСниС Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ 10 %), Ρ‚. Π΅. эхокардиографичСскиС измСрСния Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹

    Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° эхокардиографичСских характСристик Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° сСрдца Ρƒ самок ΠΈ самцов крыс

    Get PDF
    The aim of the present study is a comparative assessment of the echocardiographic characteristics in female and male mongrel rats. In experiments on anesthetized rats (ketamine 100 mg / kg, iv), it was shown that in female rats, the size and volume of the left ventricle are smaller than in males, but compared with males, their left ventricular ejection fraction, which characterizes its inotropic function, is statistically significantly higher.ЦСль настоящСго исслСдования – ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° эхокардиографичСских ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ самок ΠΈ самцов Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… крыс. Π’ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ… Π½Π° Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… крысах (ΠΊΠ΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ 100 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±) ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ крыс самок Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΡ‹ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° мСньшС, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Ρƒ самцов, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с самцами Ρƒ Π½ΠΈΡ… фракция выброса Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ°, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ, статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅

    Π ΠžΠ›Π¬ Π Π•Π¦Π•ΠŸΠ’ΠžΠ ΠžΠ’ ΠΠšΠ’Π˜Π’ΠΠ’ΠžΠ Π ΠŸΠ ΠžΠ›Π˜Π€Π•Π ΠΠ¦Π˜Π˜ ΠŸΠ•Π ΠžΠšΠ‘Π˜Π‘ΠžΠœ-АЛЬЀА И Π“ΠΠœΠœΠ-2 Π’ ΠŸΠ•Π Π’Π˜Π§ΠΠžΠ™ И Π’Π’ΠžΠ Π˜Π§ΠΠžΠ™ ΠŸΠ ΠžΠ€Π˜Π›ΠΠšΠ’Π˜ΠšΠ• ΠΠ’Π•Π ΠžΠ‘ΠšΠ›Π•Π ΠžΠ—Π

    Get PDF
    Literature review is devoted to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and pathogenetic mechanisms that determine the value of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) in atherogenesis. PPAR Ξ± and Ο’-2 are nuclear receptors that regulate lipid and glucose metabolism, and immune inflammation in the vascular wall and play a significant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Thiazolidindiones, fibrates, Ο‰-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, statins, and aleglitezar, affecting PPAR Ξ± and Ο’-2 can prevent development and progression of atherosclerosis and may be used for primary and secondary prophylaxis of atherosclerosis.ΠžΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€ Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ посвящСн ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Ρƒ атСросклСроза ΠΈ патогСнСтичСским ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ пСроксисом (PPAR) Π² Π°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅. PPAR-Π°Π»ΡŒΡ„Π° ΠΈ Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-2 ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ собой ядСрныС Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, Ρ€Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π³Π»ΡŽΠΊΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ воспалСниС Π² сосудистой стСнкС ΠΈ ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ Π² ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅ атСросклСроза. Π’ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ‹, Ρ„ΠΈΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°-3-полинСнасыщСнныС ΠΆΠΈΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ кислоты (ΠŸΠΠ–Πš), статины ΠΈ Π°Π»Π΅Π³Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π·Π°Ρ€, влияя Π½Π° PPAR Π°Π»ΡŒΡ„Π°- ΠΈ Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-2, ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ прогрСссированиС атСросклСроза ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ для ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ атСросклСроза

    К возмоТности примСнСния эхокардиографии Ρƒ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для провСдСния острых фармакологичСских тСстов

    Get PDF
    Resume. The purpose of this investigation is to study the adequacy of the echocardiography method in small laboratory animals for performing acute pharmacological tests. In experiments on white mongrel male rats, a nonselective ß-adrenoreceptor agonist isoproterenol (20 ΞΌg /kg, i.v.) reduces the end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions and volumes of the heart left ventricle, measured by echocardiography, and increases the shortening and ejection fractions, i.e. has a positive inotropic effect. Cardioselective ß1-adrenoblocker metoprolol (1 mg / kg, i.v.), on the contrary, increases the left ventricle sizes and reduces the shortening and ejection fractions, i.e. has a negative inotropic effect. Thus, the method of echocardiography in small laboratory animals can be used to conduct acute pharmacological tests.ЦСль настоящСго исслСдования - ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ адСкватности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° эхокардиографии Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ острых фармакологичСских тСстов. Π’ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ… Π½Π° Π±Π΅Π»Ρ‹Ρ… бСспородных крысах-самцах ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ нСсСлСктивный агонист ß-Π°Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ» (20 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π²) ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ-систоличСский ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ-диастоличСский Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΡ‹ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° сСрдца, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ эхокардиографии, ΠΈ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ укорочСния ΠΈ выброса, Ρ‚. Π΅. ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ эффСктом. ΠšΠ°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ßl-Π°Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ» (1 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π²), Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ², ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ„Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ укорочСния ΠΈ выброса, Ρ‚. Π΅. ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ эффСктом. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ эхокардиографии Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ использован для провСдСния острых фармакологичСских тСстов

    ΠŸΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ валидности Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ трансляционной ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ хроничСской сСрдСчной нСдостаточности Ρƒ крыс

    Get PDF
    The exprimants based on our translational model of chronic post-infarction heart failure within the use of echocardiography showed that in animals after 90 days after the reproduction of the myocardial infarction compared to the sham operated animals there is a significant increase in the endsystolic and end-diastolic sizes of the left ventricle (respectively, from 2.49 Β± 0.09 to 3.91 Β± 0.17 mm, p = 0.0002, and from 3.56 Β± 0.12 to 5.20 Β± 0.19 mm, p = 0.0002) and the decrease of its inotropic function that indicates a simulated pathology. 5 days after the echocardiographic study, the animals' exercise tolerance was assessed in the treadmill-run to failure test. It is proved in rats that 90 days after the coronary artery litigation the tolerance of physical activity decreases sharply – the value of the distance covered by them is 109.21 Β± 11.61 m, which is 2.5 times less than the distance covered by sham operated animals (p = 0.003) and 5.3 times less than the distance covered by intact rats (p = 0.0001), – which is pathognomonic for chronic heart failure and complements the data of previously conducted morpho-histological, biochemical and molecular studies, indicating that the present model reproduces the main clinical and diagnostic signs of the simulated pathology.Π’ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Ρ… Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ трансляционной ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ хроничСской постинфарктной сСрдСчной нСдостаточности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ эхокардиографии ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 90 сут послС воспроизвСдСния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ, Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ-систоличСский ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ-диастоличСский Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° сСрдца (соотвСтствСнно, с 2,49 Β± 0,09 ΠΌΠΌ Π½Π° 2-Π΅ сут послС ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ 3,91 Β± 0,17 ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ€ = 0,0002, ΠΈ с 3,56 Β± 0,12 Π΄ΠΎ 5,20 Β± 0,19 ΠΌΠΌ, Ρ€ = 0,0002) ΠΈ сниТаСтся Π΅Π³ΠΎ инотропная функция (Ρ€ = 0,0046), Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ Ρƒ Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. Π§Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 5 сут послС провСдСния эхокардиографичСского исслСдования Π² тСстС Β«Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π±Π°Π½ – Π±Π΅Π³ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Β» ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊ физичСской Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ΅. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρƒ крыс Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 90 сут послС пСрСвязки ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ физичСской Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΊΠΎ сниТаСтся – Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Ρ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΈ дистанции составляСт 109,21 Β± 11,61 ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² 2,5 Ρ€Π°Π·Π° мСньшС расстояния, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ (Ρ€ = 0,003) ΠΈ Π² 5,3 Ρ€Π°Π·Π° мСньшС дистанции, ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ крысами (Ρ€ = 0,0001), – Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ для хроничСской сСрдСчной нСдостаточности ΠΈ дополняСт Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΡ€Ρ„ΠΎ-гистологичСских, биохимичСских ΠΈ молСкулярных исслСдований, ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ настоящая модСль воспроизводит основныС ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-диагностичСскиС ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ

    ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ свойства агониста TrkA-Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° 4-ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π»ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° роста Π½Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ²

    Get PDF
    Resume. Relevance. One of the actual problems facing modern medical science is the study of mechanisms and the search for effective ways to activate tissue neovascularization. A possible approach to the decision of this problem is the use of TrkA receptor agonists to activate angiogenesis and, as a consequence, improve the vascularization of ischemic tissues. The aim of this investigation was to study the angiogenic and antiischemic activity of the TrkA receptor agonist the nerve growth factor 4th loop dipeptide mimetic the GK-2 compound. Methods. Experiments were performed on models of hind limb ischemia and myocardial infarction in rats. The compound GK-2 (1 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for 14 days. Effects were evaluated using light microscopy and two-dimensional echocardiography. Results. In the model of the hindlimb ischemia in rats, it was shown that GK-2 (1 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly enhances the vascularization of the ischemic sural muscle. The vascularization index of ischemic tissue in animals treated with GK-2 was almost 2 times higher than in control - 27794 (25218 t 35941) and 14725 (9030 t 19630), respectively (p < 0.001). According to light microscopy, the studied compound reduces the intensity of tissue damage. Under conditions of experimental myocardial infarction, the GK-2 compound reduces the pathological remodeling intensity of the heart left ventricle. Conclusion. It can be assumed that the antiischemic effect of GK-2 is associated with increased vascularization of the affected tissue, i.e. with the stimulation of angiogenesis.ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Одной ΠΈΠ· Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, стоящих ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ соврСмСнной мСдицинской Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠΉ, являСтся ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ поиск эффСктивных способов Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ нСоваскуляризации Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ. Π’ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ этой ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ являСтся использованиС агонистов TrkA-Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² для Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π° ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ слСдствиС этого, ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ васкуляризации ΠΈΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ. ЦСлью Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ исслСдования явилось ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ активности агониста TrkA-Ρ€Π΅Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° 4-ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π»ΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° роста Π½Π΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ² соСдинСния Π“Πš-2. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ЭкспСримСнты ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° модСлях ишСмии Π·Π°Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ конСчности ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄Π° Ρƒ крыс. Π‘ΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π“Πš-2 (1 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³) Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΡŽΡˆΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° протяТСнии 14 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΡƒ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… эффСктов ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ с использованиСм свСтовой микроскопии ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ…ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ эхокардиографии. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. На ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ишСмии Π·Π°Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ конСчности крыс ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π“Πš-2 (1 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΊΠ³, Π²/Π±) Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ усиливаСт Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†Ρ‹. ИндСкс васкуляризации ΠΈΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Ρƒ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… соСдинСниС Π“Πš-2, Π±Ρ‹Π» практичСски Π² 2 Ρ€Π°Π·Π° Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ - 27794 (25218 t 5941) ΠΈ 14725 (9030 t 19630), соотвСтствСнно (p &lt; 0,001). По Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ свСтовой микроскопии ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ вСщСство ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ поврСТдСния Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ. Π’ условиях ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄Π° соСдинСниС Π“Πš-2 ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ патологичСского рСмодСлирования Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° сСрдца. Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. МоТно ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈΡˆΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ эффСкт Π“Πš-2 связан с усилСниСм васкуляризации ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΡ‘Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ, Ρ‚. Π΅. со стимуляциСй Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°
    corecore