Impact of financial globalization on banking risks

Financial globalization definitely has an overall effect on globalization in the banking sector. This is reflected in averaging of banking risks for all parties, which occurs due to the impact of the markets, economies, private corporations and monopolies as well as states on each other. As a result, just the opposite priorities in monetary policy may have the same beneficial effect. The aim of the study is to develop conceptual scientific and methodological research areas concerning diversification of banking risks in the context of financial globalization. As part of a comprehensive analysis of the resulting indicators of financial and economic activities of the Russian banking sector, the authors have assessed the key financial performance of the major lending institutions of the Russian banking system in order to identify the dependence of the Russian banking sector on external factors. Financial globalization in general, of course, affects the globalization in the banking sector in particular. This is reflected in averaging banking risks for all parties to the process as a result of the integrative impact of markets, economies, private corporations and monopolies. In this study the authors have presented the mechanism of integrative motion of economic processes with regard to the financial globalization impact on the results of the countries’ monetary policy. Development of market relations and rapid financial globalization lead to permanent transformations of risks that require new approaches and methods of management. © 2016 Larisa Yuzvovich, Elena Knyazeva, Natalia Mokeeva, Elena Avramenko and Maksim Maramygin

Effect of organically bound iodine in cattle feed on health indicators

Currently, the problem of iodine deficiency is actual in the world, which may cause a large number of diseases and disorders. The problem of iodine deficiency for humans may be partly solved by enriching agricultural products with iodine, i.e. by providing animals with an increased intake of iodine during their growth. Theoretically, the most effective way to use iodine is the form bound to tyrosine, since diiodotyrosine has been proven to be a thyroxine precursor. Taking it into account, a supplement was developed containing iodine organically bound to tyrosine and histidine. In this work, we studied the effect of this supplement introduced into the diets of cattle on biochemical parameters of animal blood. In the test group, which received the supplement with organically bound iodine, an improvement in nitrogen metabolism was noted compared to the control group. This was most clearly demonstrated by the content of urea, since in the test group, its content decreased by ≈15 percentage points, and by the content of creatinine, since its increase in the test group was more than 20 percentage points. Differences in the parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism between treatments were also noted, as in the blood of animals from the test group, the content of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, glucose and malondialdehyde was lower than in the control group. In mineral metabolism and morphological parameters, there was no significant difference between treatments. Among the indicators of pigment and hormone metabolism, it is important to note the reduced content of cortisol in the blood of animals from the test group. Its level was lower by ≈17.23 percentage points compared to the control group. A decrease in cortisol levels indicated a lower stress load in the test group. In general, studies have shown that the use of a feed supplement containing organically bound iodine has a positive effect on the metabolism of animals.Currently, the problem of iodine deficiency is actual in the world, which may cause a large number of diseases and disorders. The problem of iodine deficiency for humans may be partly solved by enriching agricultural products with iodine, i.e. by providing animals with an increased intake of iodine during their growth. Theoretically, the most effective way to use iodine is the form bound to tyrosine, since diiodotyrosine has been proven to be a thyroxine precursor. Taking it into account, a supplement was developed containing iodine organically bound to tyrosine and histidine. In this work, we studied the effect of this supplement introduced into the diets of cattle on biochemical parameters of animal blood. In the test group, which received the supplement with organically bound iodine, an improvement in nitrogen metabolism was noted compared to the control group. This was most clearly demonstrated by the content of urea, since in the test group, its content decreased by ≈15 percentage points, and by the content of creatinine, since its increase in the test group was more than 20 percentage points. Differences in the parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism between treatments were also noted, as in the blood of animals from the test group, the content of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, glucose and malondialdehyde was lower than in the control group. In mineral metabolism and morphological parameters, there was no significant difference between treatments. Among the indicators of pigment and hormone metabolism, it is important to note the reduced content of cortisol in the blood of animals from the test group. Its level was lower by ≈17.23 percentage points compared to the control group. A decrease in cortisol levels indicated a lower stress load in the test group. In general, studies have shown that the use of a feed supplement containing organically bound iodine has a positive effect on the metabolism of animals

The formation of flavoring characteristics of meat products by changing the chemical composition of food compositions

The article presents the results of the study of changes in flavour characteristics when using corrective additives. Monosodium glutamate, ribotide, yeast extract and hydrolysate of vegetable soy protein were used as flavoring additives (FA). To assess the effect of composition of meat product recipe, as well as the method of FA‑introduction on taste intensity, the recipes of model meat systems with partial replacement of meat raw materials were used. Pork fat, soy protein and potato starch were used as meat substitutes. The effect of recipe composition on the content of non-volatile substances of aroma was accessed. It is shown that replacement of pork by pork fat in the recipe by 20–40% led to a sharp decrease in the concentration of aromatic substances and a decrease in intensity of taste of the finished product several times. The ways for taste correction using FA was studied. For this, a chopped semi-finished product — minced meat was prepared from chilled whole-muscle pork and 0.05% of each FA was added. It is shown that the dynamics of changes in the content of free amino acids is the most pronounced when using monosodium glutamate not as a mono-additive, but in compositions: monosodium glutamate with yeast extract and monosodium glutamate with ribotide. A pool of chemical compounds involved in the formation of taste and aroma of products was detected. The main components were derivatives of C6–C24 fatty acids, as well as a significant number of other biochemical compounds, mainly substituted amines, amides, alcohols and ketones, with a content ranging from 0.001 to 0.2 mg/kg. The results of organoleptic analysis showed that the most delicious and attractive samples were those containing monosodium glutamate with yeast extract and monosodium glutamate with ribotide

The impact of weather conditions in different years on the biochemical composition of linseed oil

Background. Linseed oil is a versatile product with varying biochemical composition. Linseed breeding is aimed at producing cultivars with different chemical properties in their oil. The crop is widespread but the environment has a great effect on its fatty acid  biosynthesis.Materials and methods. The impact of weather conditions on the variations in fatty acids composition was studied. Twenty linseed cultivars and accessions of diverse origin and with varying oil composition from the VIR collection were grown in Tomsk Province in 2016–2018. The content of 15 fatty acids (lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, margaric, stearic, oleic, cis-vaccenic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidic, eicosenic, arachido nic, behenic, and lignoceric) was assessed in linseed oil using gas–liquid chromatography.Results. The tested material presented a wide diversity of genes controlling different steps of fatty acids biosynthesis and genetic mechanisms involved in the responses to the changing environment. The analysis of variance proved that the content of oleic, linoleic, linolenic and lignoceric acids was controlled solely by the genotype. The content of palmitic and stearic acids was influenced by both the genotype and environment. The synthesis of lauric and cis-vaccenic acids was significantly affected by the weather. Practically all acids, except linoleic and linolenic ones, showed a very high random variation, which in our experiment included genotype × environment interaction. The accessions differed in the range of variation in their characters under diffe rent conditions. There was no definite regularity in the hanges of fatty acid content in the tested genotypes during 3 years.Conclusion. The assessed genotypes probably possess different regulatory mechanisms for fatty acid biosynthesis. Thus, they present a diverse stock for further investigations into fatty acid biosynthesis and for the development of new linseed cultivars widely adaptable to environmental conditions

Эндотелиальная дисфункция у больных ревматоидным артритом с коморбидной патологией

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT) have close pathogenetic relationships, the synergism of which worsens the clinical course and increases the risk of visceral complications. Objective: to study the ultrasound parameters of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in patients with RA concurrent with SHT. Patients and methods: 139 patients with RA were divided into two groups: 1) 48 patients with RA; 2) 91 patients with RA concurrent with SHT. The ultrasound parameters of endothelial regulation of vascular tone were determined by intravascular ultrasonography using an ESAOTE MyLAB40 apparatus in accordance with the international guideline. Results and discussion. The study of endothelial regulation of vascular tone established that all the examinees with RA had ED that increased with the higher degree of activity and longer duration of RA. Patients with RA in the presence of SHT had more significant abnormalities in the ultrasound parameters of endothelial regulation of vascular tone and in the degree of ED, which increased with the longer duration and higher activity of the disease. The early detection and correction of comorbidity in patients with RA will reduce cardiovascular risk and improve quality of life. Ревматоидный артрит (РА) и субклиническая гипотиреоидная дисфункция (СГТД) имеют тесные патогенетические взаимосвязи, синергизм которых усугубляет клиническое течение и повышает риск развития висцеральных осложнений. Цель исследования – изучить особенности ультразвуковых показателей эндотелиальной дисфункции (ЭД) у больных РА с СГТД. Пациенты и методы. 139 больных РА были разделены на группы: I группа – 48 пациентов с РA, II группа – 91 больной РА в сочетании с СГТД. Выявление ультразвуковых показателей эндотелиальной регуляции сосудистого тонуса проводилось с помощью УЗИ сосудов в соответствии с международным руководством на аппарате ESAOTE MyLAB40. Результаты и обсуждение. Исследование эндотелиальной регуляции сосудистого тонуса установило наличие ЭД у всех обследованных больных РА, которая усиливалась с нарастанием степени активности РА и длительности заболевания. У больных РА с наличием СГТД отмечаются более значимые нарушения ультразвуковых показателей эндотелиальной регуляции сосудистого тонуса и степени ЭД, нарастающие с увеличением длительности и активности заболевания. Раннее выявление и коррекция коморбидной патологии у пациентов с РА будут способствовать снижению сердечно-сосудистого риска и улучшению качества жизни.

Thermodynamic properties of methylprednisolone aceponate

© 2016 Elsevier LtdIn the present work, temperature dependence of heat capacity of methylprednisolone aceponate has been measured for the first time over the range from 7 K to 346 K by precision adiabatic vacuum calorimetry. Based on the experimental results, the thermodynamic functions of the methylprednisolone aceponate, namely, the heat capacity, enthalpy H°(T)−H°(0), entropy S°(T)−S°(0) and Gibbs function G°(T)−H°(0) have been determined for the range from T/K → 0–333. The enthalpy of combustion (−14304.4 ± 9.1) kJ·mol−1 of the methylprednisolone aceponate was determined for the first time using high-precision combustion calorimeter. The standard molar enthalpy of formation in the crystalline state (−1465.3 ± 9.8) kJ·mol−1 of compound at 298.15 K was derived from the combustion experiments. Using a combination of the adiabatic and combustion calorimetry results the thermodynamic functions of formation of the folic acid dihydrate at T = 298.15 K and p = 0.1 MPa have been calculated

Comprehensive thermodynamic study of methylprednisolone

© 2016 Elsevier LtdIn the present work the temperature dependence of heat capacity for methylprednisolone has been measured for the first time over the temperature range from 6 to 350 K using by precision adiabatic vacuum calorimetry. Based on the experimental data, the thermodynamic functions of the methylprednisolone, namely, the heat capacity, enthalpy H°(T) − H°(0), entropy S°(T) − S°(0) and Gibbs function G°(T) − H°(0) have been evaluated from the experimental values for the range from T → 0 to 350 K. Standard molar enthalpy of combustion (−11898.9 ± 6.7) kJ·mol−1 of the methylprednisolone was measured for the first time using high-precision combustion calorimeter. The standard molar enthalpy of formation in the crystalline state (−1045.8 ± 7.3) kJ·mol−1 of compound at 298.15 K was derived from the combustion experiments. The standard molar enthalpy of sublimation at 298.15 K (194.5 ± 2.2) kJ·mol−1 was measured by using the quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM). Using combination of the adiabatic and combustion calorimetry with the result from QCM, the thermodynamic functions of the methylprednisolone at T = 298.15 K and p = 0.1 MPa have been calculated

A SIMULATION OF THE CRYSTAL U(C,N) IN THE IONIC APPROXIMATION BY THE METHOD OF MOLECULAR DYNAMICS

A set of empirical pair interaction potentials for simulation of uranium carbonitride crystals in the ionic approximation by the method of molecular dynamics is suggested. Potential parameters are determined using the experimental values of the lattice constant and the UN and UC bulk compression modulus, as well as the linear expansion coefficient UN crystal. The dependences of the lattice constant, the coefficient of linear expansion, and the heat capacity of nanocrystals U (C, N) are calculated. The melting points of model nanocrystals are obtained also

EVALUATION OF EXPRESSION OF 4 MIRNAS IN CYTOLOGICAL SAMPLES AS AN ADDITIONAL METHOD OF CERVICAL CANCER DIAGNOSIS

Introduction. Cervical cancer is the 4th most common cancer among women. The main screening method for cervical cancer is cytological examination of the cervical epithelium. This method allows to evaluate the level of cervical dysplasia (malignant potential) but it has several limitations and flaws. Development and implementation of new methods of molecular and genetic analysis in clinical practice can increase informational value of the traditional cytological examination and therefore objectivity in choosing treatment options.Objective is to develop and verify a new method of differential diagnosis of severe intraepithelial dysplasia and invasive cervical cancer.Materials and methods. The method is based on analysis of small non-coding RNA molecules (miRNAs) extracted from the material of traditional Pap smears. Based on literature search, 18 “marker” microRNA molecules were chosen and their expression levels were estimated in 166 samples of Pap smears from cervical canals with different cytological diagnoses. The analysis was performed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results. Estimation of ratios between expression levels of miRNA pairs: 126/375; 20а/375; 126/145 allows to differentiate with high confidence borderline states of severe intraepithelial dysplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma (coefficients of quantitative interpretation of the error curve were 0.8, 0.75, 0.72, respectively).Conclusions. Analysis of miRNAs in Pap smear samples is a promising additional method of cervical cancer diagnosis. The method is objective and can be proposed as a supporting technique in cases when cytological examination doesn’t allow to differentiate between borderline pathological states of the cervical epithelium. Implementation of the method in clinical practice requires methodological optimization and additional validation using more clinical material

Role of Mosquitoes, <I>Culex</I> <I>pipiens</I> Complex, in West Nile Fever Virus Persistence in Urbanized Biocoenoses of Saratov

. In wiggler samples as well as in imago ones detected are WNF virus markers, which indicate the possibility of transovarial and trans-phase transmission of virus into mosquito populations, habitant in urbanized biocoenoses. It is substantiated that Culex pipiens female mosquitoes, which reproduce autogenically, provide for the persistence of the virus within the inter-epidemic period. Therewith there is a possibility of sustained, epidemically-active WNF micro-foci to be formed in the residential area landscapes, and this issue should be given proper consideration when performing assessment of the risks associated with urban population exposure to the infection