379 research outputs found
Modeling Quantum Gravity Effects in Inflation
Cosmological models in 1+1 dimensions are an ideal setting for investigating
the quantum structure of inflationary dynamics -- gravity is renormalizable,
while there is room for spatial structure not present in the minisuperspace
approximation. We use this fortuitous convergence to investigate the mechanism
of slow-roll eternal inflation. A variant of 1+1 Liouville gravity coupled to
matter is shown to model precisely the scalar sector of cosmological
perturbations in 3+1 dimensions. A particular example of quintessence in 1+1d
is argued on the one hand to exhibit slow-roll eternal inflation according to
standard criteria; on the other hand, a field redefinition relates the model to
pure de Sitter gravity coupled to a free scalar matter field with no potential.
This and other examples show that the standard logic leading to slow-roll
eternal inflation is not invariant under field redefinitions, thus raising
concerns regarding its validity. Aspects of the quantization of Liouville
gravity as a model of quantum de Sitter space are also discussed.Comment: 43 pages, no figure
Hair-brane Ideas on the Horizon
We continue an examination of the microstate geometries program begun in
arXiv:1409.6017, focussing on the role of branes that wrap the cycles which
degenerate when a throat in the geometry deepens and a horizon forms. An
associated quiver quantum mechanical model of minimally wrapped branes exhibits
a non-negligible fraction of the gravitational entropy, which scales correctly
as a function of the charges. The results suggest a picture of AdS_3/CFT_2
duality wherein the long string that accounts for BTZ black hole entropy in the
CFT description, can also be seen to inhabit the horizon of BPS black holes on
the gravity side.Comment: 50 pages, 4 figures. v2: minor corrections, reference adde
The Snowmelt-Runoff Model (SRM) user's manual
A manual to provide a means by which a user may apply the snowmelt runoff model (SRM) unaided is presented. Model structure, conditions of application, and data requirements, including remote sensing, are described. Guidance is given for determining various model variables and parameters. Possible sources of error are discussed and conversion of snowmelt runoff model (SRM) from the simulation mode to the operational forecasting mode is explained. A computer program is presented for running SRM is easily adaptable to most systems used by water resources agencies
Matrix Black Holes
Four and five dimensional extremal black holes with nonzero entropy have
simple presentations in M-theory as gravitational waves bound to configurations
of intersecting M-branes. We discuss realizations of these objects in matrix
models of M-theory, investigate the properties of zero-brane probes, and
propose a measure of their internal density. A scenario for black hole dynamics
is presented.Comment: 26 pages, harvmac; a few more references and additional comment
Scattered Results in 2D String Theory
The nonperturbative tachyon scattering amplitude in 2D type 0A
string theory is computed. The probability that particles are produced is a
monotonically decreasing function of whenever is large enough that
statistical methods apply. The results are compared with expectations from
black hole thermodynamics.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figures, harvmac. v2: minor comments added, typos
correcte
Vacuum Energy Cancellation in a Non-supersymmetric String
We present a nonsupersymmetric orbifold of type II string theory and show
that it has vanishing cosmological constant at the one and two loop level. We
argue heuristically that the cancellation persists at higher loops.Comment: 31 pages harvmac big, 6 figures. New version includes the 2-loop
analysis of hep-th/9810129 and elimination of one of the two heuristic
arguments for higher loop cancellatio
Critical and Topological Properties of Cluster Boundaries in the Ising Model
We analyze the behavior of the ensemble of surface boundaries of the critical clusters at in the Ising model. We find that , the number of surfaces of given genus and fixed area , behaves as . We show that is a constant independent of and is approximately a linear function of . The sum of over genus scales as a power of . We also observe that the volume of the clusters is proportional to its surface area. We argue that this behavior is typical of a branching instability for the surfaces, similar to the ones found for non-critical string theories with . We discuss similar results for the ordinary spin clusters of the Ising model at the minority percolation point and for bond percolation. Finally we check the universality of these critical properties on the simple cubic lattice and the body centered cubic lattice
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