Co-expression of tumor suppressor p53 (TP53) and cancer testis antigens (CTAs) as the possible indicator of “cancer-free” status

Objective: Biomarkers are biological substances that can be measured and objectively evaluated as indicators of concrete processes at different levels. Advances in biomedicine facilitated the use and importance of biomarkers for healthcare purposes. Several biomarkers that are used in the field of oncology are already identified and used in clinical practice, although their sensitivity is not sufficient. To contribute to this issue, we aimed to determine the expression of total cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) in correlation with the expression levels of tumor suppressor proteins p53 (TP53) and p63 (TP63) as well as BRCA1 in a healthy cohort. Materials and Methods: We analyzed samples of 90 blood donors (28, 31.1% – females, 62, 68.9% – males) as they can be considered as an appropriate group for recruiting health cohorts. The age distribution of the subjects was between 20 and 60 years. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay analysis was used for the determination of CTAs, TP53, TP63, and BRCA1 expression levels. Results: A strong correlation between CTAs and TP53 expression levels has been revealed. The expression variables of targeted biomarkers are not equally distributed. The data specific to CTAs, TP53, and TP63 expression levels are skewed to the left. In the case of BRCA1, the data may indicate the presence of 2 subgroups for study subjects. Conclusions: The co-expression of CTAs and TP53 may be considered as the indicator of “cancer-free” status. This parameter may be piloted for cancer screening and early diagnosis purposes. However, the role of CTAs for cellular process regulation and especially regulation of tumor suppressor gene p53 shall be investigated further

Few smooth d-polytopes with n lattice points

We prove that, for fixed n there exist only finitely many embeddings of Q-factorial toric varieties X into P^n that are induced by a complete linear system. The proof is based on a combinatorial result that for fixed nonnegative integers d and n, there are only finitely many smooth d-polytopes with n lattice points. We also enumerate all smooth 3-polytopes with at most 12 lattice points. In fact, it is sufficient to bound the singularities and the number of lattice points on edges to prove finiteness.Comment: 20+2 pages; major revision: new author, new structure, new result

Unimodality Problems in Ehrhart Theory

Ehrhart theory is the study of sequences recording the number of integer points in non-negative integral dilates of rational polytopes. For a given lattice polytope, this sequence is encoded in a finite vector called the Ehrhart $h^*$-vector. Ehrhart $h^*$-vectors have connections to many areas of mathematics, including commutative algebra and enumerative combinatorics. In this survey we discuss what is known about unimodality for Ehrhart $h^*$-vectors and highlight open questions and problems.Comment: Published in Recent Trends in Combinatorics, Beveridge, A., et al. (eds), Springer, 2016, pp 687-711, doi 10.1007/978-3-319-24298-9_27. This version updated October 2017 to correct an error in the original versio

Kutaisi Central Garden and its Current Situation

უძველესი წარმოშობის ცენტრალურ ბაღს ანუ ბულვარს, თვალსაჩინო ადგილი უჭირავს ქუთაისის კულტურულ და საზოგადოებრივ ცხოვრებაში. ბულვარში არსებული უნიკალური მერქნიანი მცენარეების ჰარმონიული და კონტრასტული ეფექტები უდიდეს როლს ასრულებენ მნახველზე ემოციური ზემოქმედების თვალსაზრისით და ახდენენ მათი განწყობილების ფორმირებას, მაგრამ გავაანალიზეთ რა ბაღის თანამედროვე მდგომარეობა გადავწყვიტეთ, რომ დღესდღეობით ბაღი მოითხოვს განახლებას მცენარეების დამატებით სეზონების მიხედვით როგორც წიწვოვანი ( თეთრი სოჭი, აღმოსავლეთის ნაძვი ) ასევე ფოთლოვანი ხანგრძლივად მოყვავილე ლამაზვარჯიანი ხეებითა (ამერიკული ლიქვიდამბრი, ინდური იასამანი ) და ბუჩქებით ( ჩვეულებრივი ოლეანდრი ), რათა უძველესი წარმოშობის ბაღი გამოიყურებოდეს სასურველ მოსასვენებელ ადგილად.The central garden of ancient origin, or boulevard, has a prominent place in the cultural and social life of Kutaisi. Harmonious and contrasting effects of unique plants on the boulevard play an important role in the emotional impact of visitors and shape their mood, but we analyzed the current state of the garden, which requires updating the plants for the season, like coniferous trees (Abies alba, picea orientalis), and deciduous perennial flowers (Liquidambar styracuflua, lagerstroemia (indica) and shrubs (Neriumoleander), to find the oldest garden looked like a desired vacation spot

Epigenetic Mechanisms in Commonly Occurring Cancers

We show that if $X$ is a toric scheme over a regular commutative ring $k$ then the direct limit of the $K$-groups of $X$ taken over any infinite sequence of nontrivial dilations is homotopy invariant. This theorem was previously known for regular commutative rings containing a field. The affine case of our result was conjectured by Gubeladze. We prove analogous results when $k$ is replaced by an appropriate $K$-regular, not necessarily commutative $k$-algebra