RODENTICIDE RESIDUES IN ANIMAL CARCASSES AND THEIR RELEVANCE TO SECONDARY HAZARDS

Some complexities and limitations of using carcass residue data to determine secondary hazard to nontarget species are discussed. The roles of chemical and toxicological properties of the rodenticide such as metabolism, excretion, organs of retention, site of absorption and latent period in secondary hazard are reviewed and examples given. The possible effects of bait composition and application methods, the behavioral response of the nontarget species, and local environmental factors upon secondary hazard are outlined

RODENTICIDE RESIDUES IN ANIMAL CARCASSES AND THEIR RELEVANCE TO SECONDARY HAZARDS

Some complexities and limitations of using carcass residue data to determine secondary hazard to nontarget species are discussed. The roles of chemical and toxicological properties of the rodenticide such as metabolism, excretion, organs of retention, site of absorption and latent period in secondary hazard are reviewed and examples given. The possible effects of bait composition and application methods, the behavioral response of the nontarget species, and local environmental factors upon secondary hazard are outlined

A Machine Learning Specklegram Wavemeter (MaSWave) Based On A Short Section Of Multimode Fiber As The Dispersive Element

Wavemeters are very important for precise and accurate measurements of both pulses and continuous-wave optical sources. Conventional wavemeters employ gratings, prisms, and other wavelength-sensitive devices in their design. Here, we report a simple and low-cost wavemeter based on a section of multimode fiber (MMF). The concept is to correlate the multimodal interference pattern (i.e., speckle patterns or specklegrams) at the end face of an MMF with the wavelength of the input light source. Through a series of experiments, specklegrams from the end face of an MMF as captured by a CCD camera (acting as a low-cost interrogation unit) were analyzed using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model. The developed machine learning specklegram wavemeter (MaSWave) can accurately map specklegrams of wavelengths up to 1 pm resolution when employing a 0.1 m long MMF. Moreover, the CNN was trained with several categories of image datasets (from 10 nm to 1 pm wavelength shifts). In addition, analysis for different step-index and graded-index MMF types was carried out. The work shows how further robustness to the effects of environmental changes (mainly vibrations and temperature changes) can be achieved at the expense of decreased wavelength shift resolution, by employing a shorter length MMF section (e.g., 0.02 m long MMF). In summary, this work demonstrates how a machine learning model can be used for the analysis of specklegrams in the design of a wavemeter

Научно-технический прогресс или безопасность человечества

Постепенное развитие общественного производства, его постоянное совершенствование являются фундаментальными закономерностями экономической жизни человечества. Они основываются на прогрессе науки и техники. Научно-технический прогресс за тысячелетия человеческой цивилизации прошел сложный и противоречивый путь развития. Это было вызвано тем, что именно технический прогресс, который осуществлялся на первых этапах развития общества, осуществлялся отдельно от научного прогресса до конца XVIII - начала XIX в. И только в период промышленной революции началось быстрое сближение научного и технического прогресса и возник целостный научно-технический прогресс.Gradual development of social production, its constant improvement of the fundamental laws of the economic life of mankind. They are based on the progress of science and technology. Scientific and technological progress for the millennium of human civilization has passed a complex and contradictory path of development. This was due to the fact that it was the technical progress that was carried out at the first stages of the development of society that was carried out separately from scientific progress until the end of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. And only in the period of the industrial revolution did the rapid rapprochement of scientific and technological progress and the emergence of integral scientific and technological progress began

OLFACTORY RESPONSES OF DEER MICE TO DOUGLAS-FIR SEED VOLATILES

An attempt was made to identify the olfactory cues produced by Douglas-fir seeds which attract deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) to the seeds. The olfactometers used are described, and the merits of different statistical analyses of the data are discussed. The odors produced by whole Douglas-fir seed and by the endosperm were preferred among the fractions tested to date. Deer mice were repelled by Douglas-fir turpentine, cedar oil, and, to a lesser degree, one extract

OLFACTORY RESPONSES OF DEER MICE TO DOUGLAS-FIR SEED VOLATILES

An attempt was made to identify the olfactory cues produced by Douglas-fir seeds which attract deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) to the seeds. The olfactometers used are described, and the merits of different statistical analyses of the data are discussed. The odors produced by whole Douglas-fir seed and by the endosperm were preferred among the fractions tested to date. Deer mice were repelled by Douglas-fir turpentine, cedar oil, and, to a lesser degree, one extract

Multicenter, randomized study to optimize bowel for colon capsule endoscopy

AIM To assess the cleansing efficacy and safety of a new Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) bowel preparation regimen. METHODS This was a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled study comparing two CCE regimens. Subjects were asymptomatic and average risk for colorectal cancer. The second generation CCE system (PillCam® COLON 2; Medtronic, Yoqneam, Israel) was utilized. Preparation regimens differed in the 1st and 2nd boosts with the Study regimen using oral sulfate solution (89 mL) with diatrizoate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium solution (“diatrizoate solution”) (boost 1 = 60 mL, boost 2 = 30 mL) and the Control regimen oral sulfate solution (89 mL) alone. The primary outcome was overall and segmental colon cleansing. Secondary outcomes included safety, polyp detection, colonic transit, CCE completion and capsule excretion = 12 h. RESULTS Both regimens had similar cleansing efficacy for the whole colon (Adequate: Study = 75.9%, Control = 77.3%; P = 0.88) and individual segments. In the Study group, CCE completion was superior (Study = 90.9%, Control = 76.9%; P = 0.048) and colonic transit was more often \u3c 40 min (Study = 21.8%, Control = 4%; P = 0.0073). More Study regimen subjects experienced adverse events (Study = 19.4%, Control = 3.4%; P = 0.0061), and this difference did not appear related to diatrizoate solution. Adverse events were primarily gastrointestinal in nature and no serious adverse events related either to the bowel preparation regimen or the capsule were observed. There was a trend toward higher polyp detection with the Study regimen, but this did not achieve statistical significance for any size category. Mean transit time through the entire gastrointestinal tract, from ingestion to excretion, was shorter with the Study regimen while mean colonic transit times were similar for both study groups. CONCLUSION A CCE bowel preparation regimen using oral sulfate solution and diatrizoate solution as a boost agent is effective, safe, and achieved superior CCE completion. © The Author(s) 2017. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved

Fresnel filtering in lasing emission from scarred modes of wave-chaotic optical resonators

We study lasing emission from asymmetric resonant cavity (ARC) GaN micro-lasers. By comparing far-field intensity patterns with images of the micro-laser we find that the lasing modes are concentrated on three-bounce unstable periodic ray orbits, i.e. the modes are scarred. The high-intensity emission directions of these scarred modes are completely different from those predicted by applying Snell's law to the ray orbit. This effect is due to the process of ``Fresnel filtering'' which occurs when a beam of finite angular spread is incident at the critical angle for total internal reflection.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures (eps), RevTeX 3.1, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett; corrected a minor (transcription) erro