6,426 research outputs found
The Politics of Accumulation in Small?town India
Summaries Using the analytical framework of social structures of accumulation, the economic politics of local urban civil?social organisations and their impact on capital, class and the business economy is examined. Although such organisations are structured through many dimensions, notably occupation, commodity, party politics, religion, gender and locality, the most prominent single category comprises caste â and closely?related, finely?defined occupational associations. In the town's societal corporatist form of accumulation, the political, cultural and ideological hegemony of a single social group â the capitalist class â imposes itself, supported by a strong ideology based on transformations of the institution of caste. Due to the reinforcement of caste, patriarchy and the rhetoric of town unity, economic interests and ideological factors overlap in exactly the manner Gramsci thought to be the essence of civil society. Furthermore, through the caste system and through patriarchy, ideology comes to form a significant component in the local social structures of accumulation
A Theoretical Perspective on the Photochemistry of Boron-Nitrogen Lewis Adducts
Boron-Nitrogen (B-N) Lewis adducts form a versatile family of compounds with
numerous applications in functional molecules. Despite the growing interest in
this family of compounds for optoelectronic applications, little is currently
known about their photophysics and photochemistry. Even the electronic
absorption spectrum of ammonia borane, the textbook example of a B-N Lewis
adduct, is unavailable. Given the versatility of the light-induced processes
exhibited by these molecules, we propose in this work a detailed theoretical
study of the photochemistry and photophysics of simple B-N Lewis adducts. We
used advanced techniques in computational photochemistry to identify and
characterize the possible photochemical pathways followed by ammonia borane,
and extended this knowledge to the substituted B-N Lewis adducts
pyridine-borane and pyridine-boric acid. The photochemistry observed for this
series of molecules allows us to extract qualitative rules to rationalize the
light-induced behavior of more complex B-N containing molecules
Adaptive upregulation of FOXD3 and resistance to PLX4032/4720-induced cell death in mutant B-RAF melanoma cells.
Melanoma cells driven by mutant v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (B-RAF) are highly resistant to chemotherapeutic treatments. Recent phase 1 results with PLX4032/RG7204/vemurafenib, which selectively inhibits B-RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling in mutant B-RAF cells, has given encouragement to this struggling field. Nearly all patients in the phase 1-3 studies saw at least some response and the overall response rates ranged from 48 and 81%. However, despite initial tumor shrinkage, most responders in the trial experienced tumor relapse over time. These findings indicate that both intrinsic and acquired resistance may affect the clinical efficacy of PLX4032. It is critical to optimize PLX4032 activity to improve response rates and understand why some patients with the B-RAF mutation do not respond. We have previously shown that the stemness factor, Forkhead box D3 (FOXD3), is upregulated following inhibition of B-RAF-MEK signaling in mutant B-RAF melanoma cells. Here, we show that upregulation of FOXD3 following treatment with PLX4032 and PLX4720 (the non-clinical tool compound for PLX4032) confers resistance to cell death. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of FOXD3 significantly enhanced the cell death response after PLX4032/4720 treatment in mutant B-RAF melanoma cell lines. Additionally, upregulation of FOXD3 after PLX4720 treatment was attenuated in non-adherent conditions and correlated with enhanced cell death. Ectopic expression of FOXD3 in non-adherent cells significantly reduced cell death in response to PLX4720 treatment. Together, these data indicate that upregulation of FOXD3 is an adaptive response to RAF inhibitors that promotes a state of drug resistance
Chiral symmetry restoration, eigenvalue density of Dirac operator and axial U(1) anomaly at finite temperature
We reconsider constraints on the eigenvalue density of the Dirac operator in
the chiral symmetric phase of 2 flavor QCD at finite temperature. To avoid
possible ultra-violet(UV) divergences, we work on a lattice, employing the
overlap Dirac operator, which ensures the exact "chiral" symmetry at finite
lattice spacings. Studying multi-point correlation functions in various
channels and taking their thermodynamical limit (and then taking the chiral
limit), we obtain stronger constraints than those found in the previous
studies: both the eigenvalue density at the origin and its first and second
derivatives vanish in the chiral limit of 2 flavor QCD. In addition we show
that the axial U(1) anomaly becomes invisible in susceptibilities of scalar and
pseudo scalar mesons, suggesting that the 2nd order chiral phase transition
with the O(4) scaling is not realized in 2 flavor QCD. Possible lattice
artifacts when non-chiral lattice Dirac operator is employed are briefly
discussed.Comment: 39 pages, 1 figure(2 eps files), a version published in PR
âThe fur-lined rutâ: telework and career ambition
In this chapter, we present a case study that explores the link between telework usage and career ambition within an organization where remote working is an embedded practice and used by a significant proportion of the workforce. First, this chapter will describe the organizational context for the case study as well as the qualitative and quantitative methods utilized. Next, qualitative and quantitative results detailing the impact of telework on career ambition will be presented. Last, a discussion of the findings, their implications for managers and suggestions as to how organizations might address the challenges associated with telework and career ambition will be presented
Destabilizing Taylor-Couette flow with suction
We consider the effect of radial fluid injection and suction on
Taylor-Couette flow. Injection at the outer cylinder and suction at the inner
cylinder generally results in a linearly unstable steady spiralling flow, even
for cylindrical shears that are linearly stable in the absence of a radial
flux. We study nonlinear aspects of the unstable motions with the energy
stability method. Our results, though specialized, may have implications for
drag reduction by suction, accretion in astrophysical disks, and perhaps even
in the flow in the earth's polar vortex.Comment: 34 pages, 9 figure
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