Healthcare Services and Formal Caregiver’s Psychosocial Risk Factors: An Observational Study

The prevention and management of chronic disease primarily requires risk reduction measures, through strategic coordination across various government areas. Recognizing that health workers and the public health workforce are integral to building strong and resilient health, the present study analyses the relation between Psychosocial Risk Factors (PRFs, to which formal caregivers are exposed in the healthcare settings), and the work system related elements of the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS 3.0) framework. An empirical study was carried out, involving 333 formal caregivers of healthcare services. A total of 31 PRFs were assessed (using the COPSOQ III), making it possible to find a relationship between the PRFs analyzed with three elements of the work system, namely Task (5 PRFs), Organizational factors (17 PRFs), and Individual (9 PRFs). The present work contributes not only in terms of outcomes that allow the development of mental illness prevention and mental health promotion actions for healthcare formal caregivers, but also in terms of the relevance that these factors can have on the quality of health services, as well as their users (patients), in line with SEIPS 3.0 model

Produção de sementes e óleo de andiroba em área de várzea do Amapá.

Editado por Lúcia Helena de Oliveira Wadt

Nanomaterials for skin delivery of cosmeceuticals and pharmaceuticals

Featured Application: The loading of pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals into nanomaterials is discussed as new formulations for potential treatment of age-related skin problems. Topical administration of active ingredients formulated as nanopharmaceuticals and nanonutraceuticals is discussed.Abstract: Skin aging is described as dermatologic changes either naturally occurring over the course of years or as the result of the exposure to environmental factors (e.g., chemical products, pollution, infrared and ultraviolet radiations). The production of collagen and elastin, the main structural proteins responsible for skin strength and elasticity, is reduced during aging, while their role in skin rejuvenation can trigger a wrinkle reversing effect. Elasticity loss, wrinkles, dry skin, and thinning are some of the signs that can be associated with skin aging. To overcome skin aging, many strategies using natural and synthetic ingredients are being developed aiming to reduce the signs of aging and/or to treat age-related skin problems (e.g., spots, hyper- or hypopigmentation). Among the different approaches in tissue regeneration, the use of nanomaterials loaded with cosmeceuticals (e.g., phytochemicals, vitamins, hyaluronic acid, and growth factors) has become an interesting alternative. Based on their bioactivities and using different nanoformulations as efficient delivery systems, several cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical products are now available on the market aiming to mitigate the signs of aged skin. This manuscript discusses the state of the art of nanomaterials commonly used for topical administration of active ingredients formulated in nanopharmaceuticals and nanocosmeceuticals for skin anti-aging.The authors acknowledge the financial support received from Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT/MCT) and from European Funds (PRODER/COMPETE) for the projects M-ERANET/0004/2015-PAIRED and UIDB/04469/2020 (strategic fund) co-financed by FEDER, under the Partnership Agreement PT2020. The FCT grant to CMG (SFRH/BD/145855/2019) and project PEst-OE/UID/AGR/04033/2019 (CITAB strategic fund) are also acknowledged. The authors acknowledge the support of the research project: Nutraceutica come supporto nutrizionale nel paziente oncologico, CUP: B83D18000140007.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

EDUARDO SOUTO DE MOURA. UN "DIALOGO ANTICO" TRA MATERIA, TECNICA E PROGETTO

L’impegno e la precisione che Eduardo Souto de Moura dedica a ogni occasione di dialogo con i luoghi del suo operare, conferma la sua adesione alla concretezza e la sua aspirazione alla verità. L’architettura priva di quelle fondamenta che la ancorano alla realtà e alla specificità dei luoghi, solo pensata e discussa in termini di potenzialità e astrazione, cieca e sorda alle suggestioni dell’ambiente, non esiste. Non è Architettura. Non è, almeno, l’Architettura di Souto de Moura, che è capace, invece, di trasformare le occasioni di dialogo con il contesto in accese discussioni, tra pensiero e realtà, tra desiderio e opportunità, tra segno progettuale e atto costruttivo; dispute, tra l’immagine primitiva che si forma nella mente – un dettaglio, un materiale, uno spazio – e la sua effettiva realizzabilità; confronti, che si annullano con la presa di coscienza delle immense opportunità offerte al progetto dal contatto con il reale; e il progetto, come in un film, esegue un montaggio e una verifica delle immagini, suggestioni e sequenze che l’occhio percepisce e che la grande poesia di Herberto Helder sottende ed esalta nel suo poema “Memoria Montagem”, uno dei grandi riferimenti del maestro portoghese. Questo metodo, che mette al vaglio le ipotesi e le cala nei luoghi, è applicato indistintamente alle varie scale e ai diversi ambiti di lavoro, alle questioni di composizione volumetrica, al sistema distributivo, a quello tecnologico e impiantistico, alle scelte figurative e materiche. Esso si risolve in una conversazione continua, eterna, un dialogo antico, tra l’architetto – ogni architetto, di ogni tempo e di ogni luogo – e gli spazi in cui egli opera, un dialogo che non ha principio né fine, che si ripete sempre uguale da millenni, che pone e ripone le stesse domande e, alla fine, riceve le stesse risposte.The commitment and precision Eduardo Souto de Moura delivers in every dialogue opportunity with the places of his work confirms his bonds to concreteness and his ambition to truth. Architecture not founded on bases linked to reality and to place specificity; architecture as a mere result of debate and thinking on abstraction, does not exist. It is no Architecture. It isn’t Souto de Moura’s Architecture, which instead is able to transform the opportunities of establishing a dialogue with the context into fervid discussions between thinking and reality, between desire and possibility, between the marks of design and the act of bulding; into discussions between the primitive image forming in the architect’s min – a detais, a material, a space – and its actual feasibility; discussions that are meant to resolve themselves into the awareness of the limitless possibilities given to the project bt the contact with reality. The project, as in a movie, performs then an editing and a test of the many images, suggestions and sequences the eye senses; the same as in Herberto Helder’s poem “Memoria Montagem”, one of the most relevant references of the portuguese master architect. This method of evaluating the hypothesis – impressions, opinions or even a sort of architectural schemes in progress – and lowering them into the sites, is implemented indifferently at several scales and several programs; at the issues of volumetric composition, at the level of both technology and plants; at the figurative and material options. It is resumed in a continuous and eternal conversation, in an ancient dialogue between the architect – every architect, of any time and place – and the spaces the architect works into; a dialogue having no beginning nor ending, that keeps happening in the centuries always in the same way, asking again and again the same questions, getting, at the end, always the same anwers

Resistência de genótipos de videira à ferrugem.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resistência à ferrugem causada pelo fungo Phakopsora euvitis, em genótipos de videira, e a efi ciência da infecção de acordo com a idade das folhas e concentração de inóculo. A avaliação foi feita em 15 genótipos, com base nos seguintes componentes de resistência: número de pústulas (urédios) por cm2; tamanho das pústulas; número de esporos produzidos por pústula; e período latente. Os componentes de resistência, com exceção do período latente, apresentaram grande variação quantitativa. A análise multivariada desses componentes diferenciou cinco grupos de genótipos. Os genótipos mais resistentes foram as cultivares porta-enxertos IAC313, IAC572 e IAC766, em que a efi ciência da infecção foi baixa, com pústulas menores e menor produção de urediniósporos, além de reação de hipersensibilidade no tecido em torno das pústulas. O grau de infecção aumenta com o aumento na concentração do inóculo. A ferrugem coloniza, indiscriminadamente, folhas jovens e folhas maduras de videira

Thymus zygis subsp. zygis an endemic portuguese plant: Phytochemical profiling, antioxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities

Thymus zygis subsp. zygis is an endemic Portuguese plant belonging to the Thymus zygis species. Although T. zygis is commonly used as a condiment and as a medicinal herb, a detailed description of the polyphenol composition of hydroethanolic (HE) and aqueous decoction (AD) extracts is not available. In this work, we describe for the first time a detailed phenolic composition of Thymus zygis subsp. zygis HE and AD extracts, together with their antioxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities. Unlike other Thymus species, T. zygis subsp. zygis extracts contain higher amounts of luteolin-(?)-O-hexoside. However, the major phenolic compound is rosmarinic acid, and high amounts of salvianolic acids K and I were also detected. T. zygis subsp. zygis extracts exhibited significant scavenging activity of ABTS+, hydroxyl (•OH), and nitric oxide (NO) radicals. Regarding the anti-proliferative/cytotoxic effect, tested against Caco-2 and HepG2 cells, the AD extract only slightly reduced cell viability at higher concentrations (IC50 > 600 µg/mL, 48 h exposure), denoting very low toxicity, while the HE extract showed a high anti-proliferative effect, especially at 48 h exposure (IC50 of 85.01 ± 15.10 μg/mL and 82.19 ± 2.46 μg/mL, for Caco-2 and HepG2, respectively). At non-cytotoxic concentrations, both extracts reduced the nitric oxide (NO) release by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells (at 50 μg/mL, HE and AD extracts inhibited NO release in ~89% and 48%, respectively). In conclusion, the results highlight the non-toxic effect of aqueous extracts, both resembling the consumption of antioxidants in foodstuff or in functional food. Furthermore, the HE extract of T. zygis subsp. zygis is a source of promising molecules with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, highlighting its potential as a source of bioactive ingredients for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries

Auslander-Buchweitz approximation theory for triangulated categories

We introduce and develop an analogous of the Auslander-Buchweitz approximation theory (see \cite{AB}) in the context of triangulated categories, by using a version of relative homology in this setting. We also prove several results concerning relative homological algebra in a triangulated category \T, which are based on the behavior of certain subcategories under finiteness of resolutions and vanishing of Hom-spaces. For example: we establish the existence of preenvelopes (and precovers) in certain triangulated subcategories of \T. The results resemble various constructions and results of Auslander and Buchweitz, and are concentrated in exploring the structure of a triangulated category \T equipped with a pair (\X,\omega), where \X is closed under extensions and $\omega$ is a weak-cogenerator in \X, usually under additional conditions. This reduces, among other things, to the existence of distinguished triangles enjoying special properties, and the behavior of (suitably defined) (co)resolutions, projective or injective dimension of objects of \T and the formation of orthogonal subcategories. Finally, some relationships with the Rouquier's dimension in triangulated categories is discussed.Comment: To appear at: Appl. Categor. Struct. (2011); 22 page