Мотивационная готовность психологов к оказанию экстренной психологической помощи пострадавшим в чрезвычайных ситуациях

Relevance. Working in extreme conditions requires from psychologists involved in the implementation of measures for emergency rescue and other urgent work, not only to change the usual working conditions, but also to work effectively to provide emergency psychological assistance (EPA) to victims. At the same time, the motives for their participation in such events are very variable, and differ not only in content, but also in the degree of expression, since not all specialists are ready for such a format of professional activity. Intention: To study the degree of motivational readiness of psychologists to provide emergency psychological assistance to victims, as well as to identify the features of the motivational sphere that determine the participation of specialists in this type of professional activity. Methodology. We examined 117 psychologists using a questionnaire on the self-assessment of the motivational readiness of psychologists to provide emergency psychological assistance and the assessment of the leading motives that stimulate participation in this type of professional activity. Standardized psychodiagnostic techniques were also used: "Test of life orientations" (adaptation by D.A. Leontiev), questionnaire "Motivation for success and fear of failure" (A.A. Rean), questionnaire for study motivation to achieve success and motivation to avoid failure (T. Ehlers), questionnaire "Diagnosis of the motivational structure of the individual" (V.E. Milman). Results and Discussion. The results of the self-assessment questionnaire on the motivational readiness of psychologists to provide emergency psychological assistance showed that, in general, psychologists positively assess themselves according to this criterion (6.4 ± 2.2 out of 10 possible points). 46 % of psychologists have a high level of its formation, 36.5 % - average, 17.5 % of psychologists - low. The motivational readiness of psychologists has a 4-component structure and is made up of professional, hedonistic and emotional motives, and motives of recognition. The use of standardized psychodiagnostic methods demonstrated that motivational readiness to provide emergency psychological assistance is associated with the desire to achieve success, the idea of oneself as a strong person who has freedom of choice and independently controls the events of one's own life, the desire for a high social status, the focus on creative activity and social utility. Conclusion. The studied features of motivational readiness of psychologists can be used for differentiated training of psychologists to provide emergency psychological assistance, and also taken into account for selecting specialists of this profile to work in extreme conditions. © 2021 Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia. All rights reserved

The gene-expression profile of renal medulla in ISIAH rats with inherited stress-induced arterial hypertension

Metabolic pathways enriched with genes differentially expressed in ISIAH and WAG renal medulla. (XLS 41 kb

Geochemical barriers as a form of self-organization of geochemical systems (case of study Kerch Peninsula, Russia)

According to the author's concept, discharge of groundwater to the surface is considered as a sharp change of geochemical conditions, leading to the formation of geochemical barriers (GCB). In the article presented results of geochemical study of groundwater-soil-organic matter-gas interaction as example of Kerch Peninsula self-organizing system The geochemical barriers give rise to the formation of a kind of non-equilibrium geoecosystems with an individual structure of direct and inverse connections between the components, size and borders of geochemical systems (GCS) are determined by many factors: frequency and scale of discharge, chemical composition, temperature of the source and of the environment, phase transitions within the system with interacting heterogeneous media: «water - rocks», «water - atmosphere», «water - ice», «water - soil», «water - plants (including algae and other living organisms)», and etc. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are used as tracers of this interaction. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2019

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) Both Associated with Hypertension and Contributing to Accelerated-Senescence Traits in OXYS Rats

Aging is a major risk factor of numerous human diseases. Adverse genetic variants may contribute to multiple manifestations of aging and increase the number of comorbid conditions. There is evidence of links between hypertension and age-related diseases, although the genetic relationships are insufficiently studied. Here, we investigated the contribution of hypertension to the development of accelerated-senescence syndrome in OXYS rats. We compared transcriptome sequences of the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and retina of OXYS rats with the genotypes of 45 rat strains and substrains (which include models with hypertension) to find single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) both associated with hypertension and possibly contributing to the development of age-related diseases. A total of 725 polymorphisms were common between OXYS rats and one or more hypertensive rat strains/substrains being analyzed. Multidimensional scaling detected significant similarities between OXYS and ISIAH rat genotypes and significant differences between these strains and the other hypertensive rat strains/substrains. Nonetheless, similar sets of SNPs produce a different phenotype in OXYS and ISIAH rats depending on hypertension severity. We identified 13 SNPs causing nonsynonymous amino-acid substitutions having a deleterious effect on the structure or function of the corresponding proteins and four SNPs leading to functionally significant structural rearrangements of transcripts in OXYS rats. Among them, SNPs in genes Ephx1, Pla2r1, and Ccdc28b were identified as candidates responsible for the concomitant manifestation of hypertension and signs of accelerated aging in OXYS rats

Identification of the state of the soil-plant systems on the RUDN-University campus (based on PAH concentrations)

The environmental state of soil-plant systems under the condition of technogenic pressure has been demonstrated on the example of the social significant territory in the city of Moscow-the campus of the RUDN University. The assessment is based on the analyses of the environmental fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in soil, roots and aerial parts of plants of bluegrass meadow: Naphthalene (Naph), Fluorene (Fluorene), Phenanthrene (Phen), Anthracene (An), Fluoranthene (Flu), Pyrene (Py), Chrysene (Chr), Benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), Benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbFlu), Benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkFlu), Benzo[ghi]perylene (Bghi), Indeno[1, 2, 3-cd[pyrene (IP), Dibenzo[a, h]anthracene (DBa). These pollutants are considered as geochemical markers and reflect quite detailed the integral state of soil-plant systems. As a result, the zones with relative prosperous and with critical state are identified. The connection between physicochemical characteristics (log Kow) of pollutants and their accumulation activity (concentration coefficients) is confirmed. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2020