About some cases of "non-return" as a special form of emigration from the ussr during the period of "the cold war"

© Serials Publications.The relevance of the research problem is determined due to the need of further investigation of the history of protest activity in the USSR as a phenomenon characterizing the maturity level of any civil society, but, unfortunately, to this day still remaining insufficiently studied component of the Soviet political past. The article aims at exploring the phenomenon of "non-return" as a special kind of political emigration from the USSR during the period of "the cold war". The leading approach to the study of this problem was the hermeneutic interpretation, verification and interpretation of previously not introduced into scientific discourse documents and record keeping, deposited in RGANI (Russian state archive of contemporary history), and materials of Soviet legislation of the analyzed period. The main inferences of the study are the characteristics of these not enough studied forms of protest movement in the USSR, known as the "non-return" of ordinary Soviet citizens, and the activities of the Soviet secret police aimed at preventing it. It is proved that, despite the unofficial ban on travel and various penalties (up to capital punishment) against persons who attempted without permission to leave the country, nevertheless such cases as a special form of political protest took place. The methodology of coping with the specific documentary and narrative sources on the problem under consideration is proposed. The article can be useful for the teaching of political history of Russia, history of the Soviet punitive agencies, law, archival studies and source studies of Russian history, and historical anthropology and psychology

The development of the digital economy in the Belgorod region

The concept of “digital economy” was considered, the characteristics of digitization within the Belgorod region were characterized, the main directions of digitization of the region and the region’s readiness to transition to a digital economy were identifie

Import substitution in the Belgorod region in the context of economic security

The present article uses scientific methods and general scientific principles of dialectical development and systematic approach. The major results concern the estimation of the food basket in the Belgorod region, discussions on the current status of the regional import substitution system, an evaluation of the effectiveness of state regulation measures of the import substitution policy, the formation of priority guidelines of import substitution in the context of increasing economic security of the Belgorod regio

Hydrogen sulfide as an endogenous modulator of transmitter release in the frog neuromuscular synapse

We studied effects of gaseous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and its donor, sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), on the functioning of the neuromuscular synapse in nerve-muscle preparations of frog pectoral muscle with the use of extracellular and intracellular microelectrode techniques. The exogenous H2S was shown to increase the frequency of spontaneous postsynaptic signals and the amplitude of evoked postsynaptic signals without changes in the electrogenesis of motor nerve ending and distribution of synaptic delays. An increase in the postsynaptic signals was associated with an increase in the quantum content. Rhythmic stimulation of a motor nerve (10 and 50 imp/s) in the presence of NaHS induced a smaller facilitation of transmitter release as compared to the control. This was determined by an increase in the initial level of secretion. The dynamics of outward potassium currents in the nerve ending were not changed. A substrate for H2S synthesis, L-cysteine, caused an increase in the evoked transmitter release, whereas the inhibitors of H2S synthesis, aminooxyacetic acid and β-cyanoalanine, decreased it. We concluded that hydrogen sulfide may be synthesized in the region of the nerve-muscular synapse, modulating acetylcholine release, and affecting molecular mechanisms of exocytosis of synaptic vesicles. © MAIK Nauka 2008

The competency levels of disabled students who study in university

The article is devoted to the problem of inclusive education of students with disabilities at the university. The article analyses the study of the readiness of students with disabilities to research activitie

Antioxidant and antiradical properties of some examples of flavonoids and coumarins—potentiometric studies

A comprehensive study of a range of flavonoids and coumarins is presented in this article. The work uses an approach that evaluates the activity of these compounds by various mechanisms: the electron transfer (ET), the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), and the mechanism of metal chelation. The studies were carried out using the methods of the cyclic voltammetry and the potentiometry. The electrochemical behavior of these compounds was studied by the method of cyclic voltammetry; the main types of voltammograms, depending on the oxidation mechanisms, were identified. Various versions of potentiometric sensor systems have been used to detect analytical signal in approaches implemented in ET, HAT and metal chelation mechanisms. The antioxidant capacity was studied by the electron-transfer mechanism. Compounds with antioxidant properties were selected; half-reaction periods for these compounds have been determined. It has been shown that electron-donating and complexing properties directly depend on the mutual arrangement of hydroxyl groups in the molecule. The antiradical ability of the compounds has been studied. It was shown that all studied compounds inhibit peroxyl radicals. Series on the change in antioxidant and antiradical properties of compounds have been compiled. There is no correlation between the results of the study of antioxidant properties obtained using sensory systems that reveal various antioxidant mechanisms. The need to use an integrated approach in the study of antioxidant properties is shown. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.The work was carried out with financial support from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, State Contract no. FEUZ-2020-0058 (H687.42B.223/20)

The Quality of Heat-Insulating Masonry Mortar with Perlite

A quality for any building material including the dry construction mixtures is very important. This is a complex concept that includes a set of properties that determines their suitability for intended use. So the heat-insulating masonry mortar should simultaneously have a low coefficient of thermal conductivity, sufficient strength, sufficient frost resistance, etc. And the material not always possesses the characteristics that the manufacturer claims. In this regard it is of interest to conduct tests of finished products for their compliance both Russian Standard and presented characteristics. This work is devoted to main properties determination of heat-insulating masonry mortar produced by JSC "Quick-mix". © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Hanbury Brown and Twiss interferometry at a free-electron laser

We present measurements of second- and higher-order intensity correlation functions (so-called Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiment) performed at the free-electron laser (FEL) FLASH in the non-linear regime of its operation. We demonstrate the high transverse coherence properties of the FEL beam with a degree of transverse coherence of about 80% and degeneracy parameter of the order 10^9 that makes it similar to laser sources. Intensity correlation measurements in spatial and frequency domain gave an estimate of the FEL average pulse duration of 50 fs. Our measurements of the higher-order correlation functions indicate that FEL radiation obeys Gaussian statistics, which is characteristic to chaotic sources.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, 40 reference

Professional self-determination theory of senior pupils in Russian psychology

The article analyses the psychological literature on the problem of senior pupils’ professional self-determination. The author’s theoretical and methodological position is elaborated and the results of its approbation are presented. It is shown that the available approaches can be divided into two main groups. Some researchers focus on the goal and end result of vocational self-determination, while others seek to reveal the algorithm of the process itself and/or its stages. Researchers are unanimous in their opinion that the choice of an occupation by senior pupils is the first and most responsible stage of professional self-determination for the individual as a whole. At the same time, the senior pupils’ professional self-determination concepts, which would reflect the unity of theoretical positions and methods of its study, are practically not presented in national psychology. To overcome the existing limitations, the article proposes to consider the senior pupils’ professional self-determination from the position of the activity approach as a special kind of activity with its own structure. The motivational component is the motives for choosing a career, while the operational component is the senior pupils’ professional identity status. The empirical study results of the of formation level of senior pupils’ professional self-determination are discussed on the basis of the activity methodology

Nanoscale investigation of polymer cement concretes by small angle neutron scattering

An analysis of dense cements, such as polymer cement concrete, is made to produce original innovative components for different types of constructing materials. These materials present good functional properties (ageing resistance, crack formation resistance, hardness, and stability of mechanical modules) and can be used for various applications. In this paper, experimental tests on Portland cement with added γ-Al 2 O 3 and redispersible dry polymer performed using small angle neutron scattering are reported. The objective of the investigation was to assess the key parameters of the material (e.g., porosity, fractal dimensions, and size distribution) at the nanoscale level as well as to obtain useful structural information for expanding the possibility of applications. The results obtained can contribute to the optimisation of the consistency of the material, the design of operating conditions of elements of structures and facilities, and the design of the procedures that support ecological criteria and enhance quality and safety levels. © 2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston