Letters to the Editor

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66363/1/j.1752-7325.1998.tb02993.x.pd

Social physique anxiety and physical activity in early adolescent girls : the influence of maturation and physical activity motives

This study considered the influence of maturation on social physique anxiety (SPA), the relationship between SPA and current and future physical activity (PA) levels and the influence of motives for physical activity on this relationship in early adolescent girls (n=162; mean age=11.80±0.33 years). Participants completed the Pubertal Development Scale, the modified Social Physique Anxiety Scale and the Motives for Physical Activity Scale at baseline and the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children at baseline and 6 months later. The girls became less active across the 6 months and girls in the early stages of maturation had significantly lower SPA than the girls in the middle and late stages of maturation. SPA was not related to current or future physical activity in the sample as a whole. Cluster analysis identified four groups with different motive profiles and the High Appearance and Fitness group demonstrated a moderate negative relationship between SPA and PA at phase 1, whereas the other groups did not. These findings indicate that SPA may increase with maturation and the relationship between SPA and PA is dependent on reasons for being active. For girls who are motivated to be active primarily by body-related reasons SPA is likely to lead to lower levels of PA

Longitudinal Evaluation of Sealing Molars with and without Incipient Dental Caries in a Public Health Program

Objectives: This study undertook a retrospective evaluation of the effect of sealants on the caries experience of initially sound and incipient permanent first molar pit and fissure surfaces. Methods : Records of children with complete five-year records were obtained from a school-based dental sealant program in a fluoridated community. Sealants were placed on 677 tooth surfaces in 96 children; 120 tooth surfaces in 17 children who received baseline examinations were not sealed because of lack of caregiver consent. Tooth surfaces were initially diagnosed as being sound or having incipient lesions, and evaluated for caries status after five years. Results : For initially incipient surfaces the five-year decay rate was 10.8 percent (41 of 380 surfaces) for sealed surfaces and 51.8 percent (29 of 56 surfaces) for nonsealed surfaces with an odds ratio of 8.88 (95% Cl=4.56, 17.35). Initially sound surfaces had a decay rate of 8.1 percent (24 of 297 surfaces) for sealed surfaces and 12.5 percent (8 of 64 surfaces) for nonsealed surfaces with an odds ratio of 1.63 (95% Cl=0.63, 4.08). The two odds ratios were significantly different. Conclusions : Initially sound tooth surfaces were unlikely to become decayed in five years, and did not benefit greatly from the application of sealants. Within the limitations of this study, there were clear efficiencies in sealing incipient, but not sound, surfaces. The targeting of teeth with incipient caries for sealants is therefore recommended.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66270/1/j.1752-7325.1995.tb02358.x.pd

Dynamic Scaling of Ion-Sputtered Surfaces

We derive a stochastic nonlinear equation to describe the evolution and scaling properties of surfaces eroded by ion bombardment. The coefficients appearing in the equation can be calculated explicitly in terms of the physical parameters characterizing the sputtering process. We find that transitions may take place between various scaling behaviors when experimental parameters such as the angle of incidence of the incoming ions or their average penetration depth, are varied.Comment: 13 pages, Revtex, 2 figure

Bioclipse-R: integrating management and visualization of life science data with statistical analysis

SUMMARY: Bioclipse, a graphical workbench for the life sciences, provides functionality for managing and visualizing life science data. We introduce Bioclipse-R, which integrates Bioclipse and the statistical programming language R. The synergy between Bioclipse and R is demonstrated by the construction of a decision support system for anticancer drug screening and mutagenicity prediction, which shows how Bioclipse-R can be used to perform complex tasks from within a single software system. Availability and implementation: Bioclipse-R is implemented as a set of Java plug-ins for Bioclipse based on the R-package rj. Source code and binary packages are available from https://github.com/bioclipse and http://www.bioclipse.net/bioclipse-r, respectively. CONTACT: [email protected] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online

\u3ci\u3eIn-Situ\u3c/i\u3e Raman Scattering Studies of Alkali-Doped Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes

Electrochemical doping and in-situ Raman scattering were used to study charge transfer in K- and Li-doped single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) as a function of alkali concentration. An 8 cm-1 downshift was observed for the tangential phonon mode of SWNT doped to stoichiometries of KC24 and Li1.25C6. The shift in both systems is reversible upon de-doping despite an irreversible loss of crystallinity. These results indicate that the tangential mode shifts result from electron transfer from alkali dopants to the SWNT, and that these modes are only weakly affected by long-range order within the ropes

Renormalization Group Analysis of a Noisy Kuramoto-Sivashinsky Equation

We have analyzed the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation with a stochastic noise term through a dynamic renormalization group calculation. For a system in which the lattice spacing is smaller than the typical wavelength of the linear instability occurring in the system, the large-distance and long-time behavior of this equation is the same as for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation in one and two spatial dimensions. For the $d=2$ case the agreement is only qualitative. On the other hand, when coarse-graining on larger scales the asymptotic flow depends on the initial values of the parameters.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, revte

Skills, attitudes and uptake of evidence-based practice: a cross-sectional study of chiropractors in the Swedish Chiropractic Association.

BackgroundEvidence-based practice (EBP) is integral to the delivery of high-quality health care. Chiropractic has been a licensed health profession in Sweden since 1989, but little is known of the uptake of EBP in this professional group. This study explored the self-reported skills, attitudes and uptake of EBP, and the enablers and barriers of EBP uptake, among licensed chiropractors in Sweden.MethodsLicensed chiropractors (n = 172) of the Swedish Chiropractic Association (Legitimerade Kiropraktorers Riksorganisation) were invited to participate in an anonymous online questionnaire, using the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude and Utilisation Survey (EBASE) in February 2019.ResultsFifty-six (33%) chiropractors completed the survey. Participants were predominantly male, aged 30-49 years, held a Master's degree, and had received their highest qualification and practiced chiropractic for over a decade. Chiropractors rated their EBP skill-level mostly in the moderate to moderate-high range. The majority of chiropractors reported positive attitudes towards EBP, with most agreeing or strongly agreeing that EBP is necessary in the practice of chiropractic, and that EBP assists in making decisions about patient care. Chiropractors reported an average level of engagement in EBP activities. All participants indicated professional literature and research findings were useful in their day-to-day chiropractic practice. The main perceived enabler of EBP uptake was internet access in the workplace, whereas the main barrier to EBP uptake was lack of clinical evidence in chiropractic.ConclusionsParticipating chiropractors of the Swedish Chiropractic Association were generally favourable of EBP, though only reported modest levels of EBP-related skills and engagement in EBP activities. Our findings suggest future studies investigating interventions focussed on improving chiropractors' skills and uptake of EBP are warranted