National Petroleum Reserve – Alaska (NPR-A) Watershed Hydrology

During a five-year period, which represents the entire project span, the research team performed discharge measurements on seven gaging stations distributed on the National Petroleum Reserve- Alaska (NPR-A), an area of approximately 23 million acres that extends from the north side of the Brooks Range to the Arctic Ocean. Specifically, 225 discharge measurements were taken during that period. In addition, records of air temperature and rainfall, as well as wind speed and wind direction from stations that collected such data were analyzed. The air temperature data indicate that the entire region followed a pronounced warming trend, ending with the 2010/2011 winter, which was the warmest winter recorded at the stations. Rainfall data suggest a trend in increasing precipitation during the summer months from the coastal plain to the foothill area. Unusually dry conditions were experienced over the entire area in 2007 and in 2011. The overall highest mean wind speed was recorded in June at the two stations where wind data were available; the lowest mean wind speed was recorded in December at one station and in March at the other station. Wind roses indicate two main wind directions—roughly from the northeast and southwest—with winds from the northeast predominant.List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ iii List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. iv Acknowledgments and Disclaimer ................................................................................................. v Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... vi CHAPTER 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 2 Discharge Measurements ...................................................................................... 3 2.1 Fieldwork ......................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Data Analysis ................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 3 Meteorological Data ............................................................................................ 10 3.1 Methodology .................................................................................................................. 11 3.2 Results ............................................................................................................................ 11 3.2.1 Rainfall .................................................................................................................... 11 3.2.2 Air Temperature ...................................................................................................... 15 3.2.3 Wind ........................................................................................................................ 20 CHAPTER 4 Information Technology ...................................................................................... 28 4.1 Aquatic Informatics Aquarius Software ......................................................................... 28 4.2 Telemetry Data Retrieval ............................................................................................... 28 4.3 Near-Real-Time Data Delivery Online .......................................................................... 28 4.4 Information Technology Infrastructure .......................................................................... 30 References ..................................................................................................................................... 31 Appendices .................................................................................................................................... 3

Hydrological and Meteorological Observations on Seven Streams in the National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska (NPR–A)

This report summarizes the hydrological and meteorological data collected from 2003 to 2017 at 7 stations in the National Petroleum Reserve–Alaska. During an 8-year period, from May 2010 to December 2017, a research team from the University of Alaska Fairbanks, Water and Environmental Research Center, and personnel from the Bureau of Land Management performed 351 discharge measurements and collected and analyzed data on air temperature, rainfall, wind speed, and wind direction at stations distributed on a southwest–northeast transect from the foothills of the Brooks Range to the Arctic Ocean. In general, the air temperature data indicate an evident warming trend for the entire region. Rainfall data suggest a trend in increasing precipitation during the summer months from the coastal plain to the foothills, though there are some exceptions. The overall highest mean monthly wind speed was recorded in February; the overall lowest mean monthly wind speed varied from station to station. Wind roses indicate two main wind directions—approximately from the northeast and southwest—with winds from the northeast predominant at the northern stations and winds from the southwest predominant at the southern stations.List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ iii List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. iv Acknowledgments and Disclaimer ................................................................................................. v Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... vi CHAPTER 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 2 Study Area ............................................................................................................. 2 CHAPTER 3 Discharge Measurements ...................................................................................... 3 3.1 Fieldwork ......................................................................................................................... 3 3.2 Data Processing ................................................................................................................ 9 CHAPTER 4 Meteorological Data ............................................................................................ 11 4.1 Methodology .................................................................................................................. 12 4.2 Results ............................................................................................................................ 12 4.2.1 Rainfall .................................................................................................................... 12 4.2.2 Air Temperature ...................................................................................................... 18 4.2.3 Wind ........................................................................................................................ 24 CHAPTER 5 Data Analysis ...................................................................................................... 37 CHAPTER 6 Conclusions and Recommendations.................................................................... 42 References ..................................................................................................................................... 43 Appendices .................................................................................................................................... 4

The ferroelectric Mott-Hubbard phase of organic (TMTTF)2X conductors

We present experimental evidences for a ferro-electric transition in the family of quasi one- dimensional conductors (TMTTF)2X. We interpret this new transition in the frame of the combined Mott-Hubbard state taking into account the double action of the spontaneous charge disproportionation on the TMTTF molecular stacks and of the X anionic potentials

Physicochemical properties, texture, and probiotic survivability of oat‐based yogurt using aquafaba as a gelling agent

Open Access via the Jisc Wiley Agreement This work is part of the Strategic Research Programme 2016-2021 and is funded by the Scottish Government's Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS). Microscopy was performed in the Microscopy and Histology Core Facility at the University of Aberdeen.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Investigation of fiber/matrix adhesion: test speed and specimen shape effects in the cylinder test

The cylinder test, developed from the microdroplet test, was adapted to assess the interfacial adhesion strength between fiber and matrix. The sensitivity of cylinder test to pull-out speed and specimen geometry was measured. It was established that the effect of test speed can be described as a superposition of two opposite, simultaneous effects which have been modeled mathematically by fitting two parameter Weibull curves on the measured datas. Effects of the cylinder size and its geometrical relation on the measured strength values have been analyzed by finite element method. It was concluded that the geometry has a direct influence on the stress formation. Based on the results achieved, recommendations were given on how to perform the novel single fiber cylinder test

Effets de l'ozone sur quelques peuplements forestiers du réseau RENECOFOR

Depuis 2001, le GIEFS et l'ONF s'associent pour repérer la présence de symptômes d'ozone sur une quarantaine de placettes forestières du réseau RENECOFOR, en France. Cet article présente les résultats des observations menées entre 2001 et 2005 sur les placettes des régions méditerranéennes. Les dégâts d'ozone ont été repérés sur l'ensemble des sites de l'étude

Glutamate 270 plays an essential role in K activation and domain closure of Thermus thermophilus isopropylmalate dehydrogenase

The mutant E270A of Thermus thermophilus 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase exhibits largely reduced (∼1%) catalytic activity and negligible activation by K+ compared to the wild-type enzyme. A 3–4 kcal/mol increase in the activation energy of the catalysed reaction upon this mutation could also be predicted by QM/MM calculations. In the X-ray structure of the E270A mutant a water molecule was observed to take the place of K+. SAXS and FRET experiments revealed the essential role of E270 in stabilisation of the active domain-closed conformation of the enzyme. In addition, E270 seems to position K+ into close proximity of the nicotinamide ring of NAD+ and the electron-withdrawing effect of K+ may help to polarise the aromatic ring in order to aid the hydride-transfer