Eighteen Degree Water variability

The Eighteen Degree Water of the western North Atlantic is formed by deep convection in winter. The circulation and changing properties of Eighteen Degree Water are studied using hydrographic data from a long time series at the Panulirus station (32°10\u27N, 64°30\u27W) and from the Gulf Stream \u2760 experiment...

A Note on Presumptions with Sequential Litigation

This note extends the Bernardo, Talley & Welch (1999) model of legal presumptions to study situations where litigation efforts are spent sequentially rather than simultaneously. The equilibria of the litigation stage are presented as functions of the underlying presumption. The equilibria and comparative statics are shown to be qualitatively similar to those of the simultaneous version. However, sequentiality allows the principal to pre commit to a litigation strategy, and thus possibly preempt any litigation effort whatsoever by the agent

Designing Corporate Bailouts

Although common economic wisdom suggests that government bailouts are inefficient because they reduce incentives to avoid failure and induce excessive entry by marginal firms, in practice bailouts are difficult to avoid for systemically significant enterprises. Recent experience suggests that bailouts also induce litigation from shareholders and managers complaining about expropriation and wrongful termination by the government. Our model shows how governments can design tax-financed corporate bailouts to reduce these distortions and points to the causes of inefficiencies in real-world implementations such as the Troubled Asset Relief Program. Bailouts with minimal distortion depend critically on the government’s ability to expropriate shareholders and terminate managers

Single molecule detection and underwater fluorescence imaging with cantilevered near-field fiber optic probes

This is the published version, also available here: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121505.Tapping-mode near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) employing a cantilevered fiber optic probe is utilized to image the fluorescence from single molecules and samples in aqueous environments. The single molecule fluorescenceimages demonstrate both the subdiffraction limit spatial resolution and low detection limit capabilities of the cantilevered probe design. Images taken as a function of tip oscillation drive amplitude reveal a degradation in the resolution as the amplitude is increased. With all cantilevered probes studied, however, a minimum plateau region in the resolution is reached as the drive amplitude is decreased, indicating that the tapping mode of operation does not reduce the optical resolution. Images of fluorescently dopedlipid films illustrate the ability of the probe to track small height changes (<1.5 nm) in ambient and aqueous environments, while maintaining high resolution in the fluorescenceimage. When the tip is immersed in water (1.3 mm), the cantilevered NSOM tip resonance, 25–50 kHz, shifts approximately 100–150 Hz, the amplitude dampens less than 40% and the Q factor is reduced from 300–500 to 100–200

Instabilities and radiation of thin, baroclinic jets

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Meteorology and Physical Oceanography, 1982.Microfiche copy available in Archives and ScienceBibliography: leaves 228-233.Lynne D. Talley.Ph.D

Response of selected microorganisms to experimental planetary environments

The anaerobic utilization of phosphite or phosphine and the significance of this conversion to potential contamination of Jupiter were investigated. A sporeforming organism was isolated from Cape Canaveral soil which anaerobically converts hypophosphite to phosphate. This conversion coincides with an increase in turbidity of the culture and with phosphate accumulation in the medium. Investigations of omnitherms (organisms which grow over a broad temperature range, i.e. 3 -55 C were also conducted. The cellular morphology of 28 of these isolates was investigated, and all were demonstrated to be sporeformers. Biochemical characterizations are also presented. Procedures for replicate plating were evaluated, and those results are also presented. The procedures for different replicate-plating techniques are presented, and these are evaluated on the basis of reproducibility, percentage of viable transfer, and ease of use. Standardized procedures for the enumeration of microbial populations from ocean-dredge samples from Cape Canaveral are also presented

Looking Back with a Legend: Ira Millstein Reflects on the Impact of Milton Friedman\u27s Views on Corporate Governance

In this discussion, corporate governance legend and frequent The Business Lawyer contributor Ira M. Millstein reflects on the impact of Milton Friedman and his adherents on our corporate governance system and economy generally, as well as the path forward to an economy that functions better for the many. Millstein takes an historical perspective in conversation with former Chief Justice and Chancellor of Delaware, Leo E. Strine, Jr., moderated by Professor Eric Talley of Columbia Law School. Millstein situates the evolution of our corporate governance system, including the effect of Friedman and the Chicago school on it, within the political dynamics of the last fifty years since the New York Times published the essay, “A Friedman Doctrine —The Social Responsibility Of Business Is to Increase Its Profits.