Exploring Locality in Ethereum Transactions

Early open blockchain designs face low throughput, high latency, and prohibitive costs for setting up a full node. New designs improve this with innovative mechanisms for handling transactions and the blockchain state, often assuming locality properties in the workload of transactions. Temporal locality allows efficient space management such as light nodes or snapshot-based bootstrap. Disjoint access parallelism, which depends on spatial locality, enables parallel processing of non-conflicting transactions. We analyze locality properties and their interplay in the largest transactional workload available to date, that of Ethereum. Our results show that, although transactions generally display good locality, a minority of accounts are responsible for caching- or parallelism-unfriendliness, calling for specific identification and handling in future blockchain designs

Data Availability Sampling in Ethereum: Analysis of P2P Networking Requirements

Despite their increasing popularity, blockchains still suffer from severe scalability limitations. Recently, Ethereum proposed a novel approach to block validation based on Data Availability Sampling (DAS), that has the potential to improve its transaction per second rate by more than two orders of magnitude. DAS should also significantly reduce per-transaction validation costs. At the same time, DAS introduces new communication patterns in the Ethereum peer-to-peer (P2P) network. These drastically increase the amount of exchanged data and impose stringent latency objectives. In this paper, we review the new requirements for P2P networking associated with DAS, discuss open challenges, and identify new research directions

Etude de la régulation post-traductionnelle de la nitrate réductase chez Nicotiana plumbaginifolia

*INRA, centre de Versailles Diffusion du document : INRA, centre de Versailles Diplôme : DE

A conserved acidic motif in the N-terminal domain of nitrate reductase is necessary for the inactivation of the enzyme in the dark by phosphorylation and 14-3-3 binding

8 illus.International audienc