Reply to Wray

In this letter, I reply to two insightful remarks made by Wray on a study I recently published on Scientometrics. First, I clarify the method I used to assess the transition of Analytic Philosophy to a normal science phase, explaining in more details the epistemological role that different types of citations play. Second, I address the topic of the relationship between the normal science and the aging of the literature. I argue that more research is needed to understand the epistemological meaning of aging

Microstructured optical fibres for gas sensing: design fabrication and post-fab processing

Air/silica Microstructured Optical Fibers (MOFs) offer new prospects for fiber based sensor devices. In this paper, two topics of particular significance for gas sensing using air guiding Photonic Bandgap Fibers (PBGFs) are discussed. First, we address the issue of controlling the modal properties of PBGFs and demonstrate a single mode, polarization maintaining air guiding PBGF. Secondly, we present recent improvements of a femtosecond laser machining technique for fabricating fluidic channels in PBGFs, which allowed us to achieve cells with multiple side access channels and low additional loss

Citation gaming induced by bibliometric evaluation: A country-level comparative analysis

It is several years since national research evaluation systems around the globe started making use of quantitative indicators to measure the performance of researchers. Nevertheless, the effects on these systems on the behavior of the evaluated researchers are still largely unknown. For investigating this topic, we propose a new inwardness indicator able to gauge the degree of scientific self-referentiality of a country. Inwardness is defined as the proportion of citations coming from the country over the total number of citations gathered by the country. A comparative analysis of the trends for the G10 countries in the years 2000-2016 reveals a net increase of the Italian inwardness. Italy became, both globally and for a large majority of the research fields, the country with the highest inwardness and the lowest rate of international collaborations. The change in the Italian trend occurs in the years following the introduction in 2011 of national regulations in which key passages of professional careers are governed by bibliometric indicators. A most likely explanation of the peculiar Italian trend is a generalized strategic use of citations in the Italian scientific community, both in the form of strategic author self-citations and of citation clubs. We argue that the Italian case offers crucial insights on the constitutive effects of evaluation systems. As such, it could become a paradigmatic case in the debate about the use of indicators in science-policy contexts. © 2019 Baccini et al

THE FABRIC OF KNOWLEDGE. TOWARDS A DOCUMENTAL HISTORY OF LATE ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY

The dissertation aims at presenting an innovative approach (called \uabdocumental history\ubb) to the study of the history of contemporary philosophy, focusing on the case of Late Analytic Philosophy (LAP). The methodological innovation consists in the application of citation analysis techniques, drawn from the field of scientometrics, to the analysis of the structure and the dynamics of LAP. The main empirical results are presented in four scientometric analyses of LAP, which focus, respectively, on the scientometric distributions of LAP, the co-citation mapping of LAP, the epistemological function of citations within LAP, and the aging of LAP literature. The main theoretical result is the \uabfeedback hypothesis\ubb, according to which the \uabdocumental space\ubb of LAP shapes the intellectual behavior of analytic philosophers. Thus, the documental space of LAP should be accounted as a factor of philosophical change, besides the traditional intellectual and sociological factors. A key aspect of the dissertation is the interdisciplinary integration of distant fields, such as scientometrics, history of philosophy, and philosophy of science

Structural-phase state and mechanical properties of submicrocrystalline titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V obtained with use of reversible hydrogen alloying

Features of evolution of structural-phase state of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V at the process of submicrocrystalline structure formation using reversible hydrogen alloying have been investigated by methods of electron microscopic and X-ray diffraction analyses. Influence of hydrogen alloying on mechanical properties at stretching of submicrocrystalline titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V in temperature interval of 293...1023 K was studied. Possible reasons of increase in ultimate and yield strength and reduction of deformation to destruction of submicrocrystalline alloy Ti-6Al-4V in temperature interval 873...1023 K at hydrogen alloying in quantity 0,08...0,33 mas. % were discusse

Understanding wavelength scaling in 19-cell core hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers

First experimental wavelength scaling in 19-cell core HC-PBGF indicates that the minimum loss waveband occurs at longer wavelengths than previously predicted. Record low loss (2.5dB/km) fibers operating around 2µm and gas-purging experiments are also reported

Investigation of high-energy external influences on structural heredity of the Ti-Nb alloy

The effects of high-energy external influences on structural heredity of Ti-Nb alloy is investigated in this paper. By the methods of XRD, SEM, EDX and optical microscopy it was founded that thermal treatment and severe plastic deformation lead to the phase transformations in the alloy, the dendritic segregation occurs and retains in the alloy under external influences

Folding model analysis of proton scattering from 18,20,22^{18,20,22}O nuclei

The elastic and inelastic proton scattering on $^{18,20,22}$O nuclei are studied in a folding model formalism of nucleon-nucleus optical potential and inelastic form factor. The DDM3Y effective interaction is used and the ground state densities are obtained in continuum Skyrme-HFB approach. A semi-microscopic approach of collective form factors is done to extract the deformation parameters from inelastic scattering analysis while the microscopic approach uses the continuum QRPA form factors. Implications of the values of the deformation parameters, neutron and proton transition moments for the nuclei are discussed. The p-analyzing powers on $^{18,20,22}$O nuclei are also predicted in the same framework.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure

The Method of Manufacturing Nonmetallic Test-Blocks on Different Sensitivity Classes

Nowadays in our modern world there is a vital question of quality control of details made from nonmetallic materials due to their wide spreading. Nondestructive penetrant testing is effective, and in some cases it is the only possible method of accidents prevention at high-risk sites. A brief review of check sample necessary for quality evaluation of penetrant materials is considered. There was offered a way of making agents for quality of penetrant materials testing according to different liquid penetrant testing sensibility classes