Evaluation of the Adhesive Properties of Spores of <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> Vaccine Strains to the Mammalian Erythrocytes Using Photocolorimetry Technique

Displayed are the results of studies concerning adhesion of spores of Bacillus anthracis vaccine strains to the erythrocytes of humans and other mammals using photocolorimetry technique. Determined are the differences in adhesive capacity of spores of B. anthracis vaccine strains № 55 VNIIVVM, STI-I and II Tsenkovsky. Discovered is the fact that the level of adhesive activity of B. anthracis № 55 VNIIVVM spores to the mammalian erythrocytes depends upon the sensitivity of the species to the anthrax agent

Investigation of Mechanisms of Interaction of <I>Yersinia pestis</I> EV NIIEG Vaccine Strain Bacteria with Human Red Blood Cells

The comparative experiments demonstrated strong correlation between the index of Yersinia pestis EV NIIEG strain adhesion to human red blood cells and hydrophobic properties of bacteria. At the same time no dependence between hemagglutination and adhesion of plague microbe was determined. Bacterial culture treatment with trypsin and high temperature (56 °C) decreased adhesion. Incubation of microbial cells with red blood cells in the presence of antibiotics (ampicillin, gentamycin, doxycycline and cefotaxime) had no influence on their interaction. The results of investigations suggested the major role of hydrophobic interactions in Y.pestis EV NIIEG strain adhesion to human red blood cells provided by the surface structures of microbial cells of the lipoprotein origin

Impact of the Liquid Part and Some Separate Components of Blood on the Process of Interaction between <I>Yersinia pestis</I> EV NIIEG Bacteria and Human Red Blood Cells <I>in vitro</I>

Objective of the research has been the evaluation of impact of blood liquid part and its separate protein fractions on the process of Yersinia pestis EV NIIEG adhesion to human erythrocytes in vitro . Bacterial binding with target-cells has been registered using photometric technique. Identified has been inhibiting effect of blood native plasma and serum, as well as some groups of serum proteins, (albumins and normal immunoglobulins) on attachment of bacteria to human red blood cells. Based on the obtained results it has been assumed that there are two possible mechanisms of suppression of Yersinia pestis EV NIIEG adhesion to human erythrocytes performed by the liquid components of blood – surface microbial structure blockage and erythrocyte membrane receptor shielding

DETECTION OF TUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA IN THE BLOOD OF PATIENTS WHEN SUSPECTING TUBERCULOUS SEPSIS

The increase in HIV patients manifesting clinical signs of sepsis requires up-to-date, rapid and reliable techniques for etiologic diagnostics.The analysis has included 53 publications related to various aspects of tuberculous bacteriemia, resources for its detection and their efficiency. According to the publications tuberculous mycobacteria in blood can be detected in HIV-positive patients with severe immune suppression (CD4: 17-18 cells/mcl) and presence of the following clinical and laboratory and X-ray signs: fever, severe anemia, paratracheal lymphoadenopathy, miliary dissemination. It is feasible to test the blood in order to detect tuberculous mycobacteria only in the very ill HIV positive patients in whom tuberculosis is suspected and it is impossible to collect sputum and there are no obvious signs of pulmonary lesions.The presence oftuberculous mycobacteria in blood isrelated to the high mortality level (up to 60%) and the immediate prescription of anti-tuberculosis therapy can reduce it. Antiretroviral therapy can reduce the chances of tuberculous sepsis development. Development and optimization of test systems for rapid detection of DNA of tuberculous mycobacteria in blood can be fairly promising for the diagnostics of the urgent tuberculosis

Prenatal training of first-time mothers in different age groups

The purpose of the study is to study awareness of the importance of prenatal training of first-time mothers of different age groups.Цель исследования – изучить информированность первородящих разных возрастных групп о важности дородовой подготовки

ВЫЯВЛЕНИЕ МИКОБАКТЕРИЙ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА В КРОВИ КАК МЕТОД ДИАГНОСТИКИ ГЕНЕРАЛ ИЗОВАННОГО ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ВИЧ-ИНФЕКЦИЕЙ

Objective: To study the informative value of the detection of mycobacteria in blood with the cultural method in patients with suspected tuberculous sepsis and to determine the most significant clinical and laboratory criteria for testing. Materials and methods: The investigation to detect M.tuberculosis was fulfilled in 159 HIV-positive patients with suspected tuberculosis sepsis. Blood culture was completed with culture medium Myco/F Lytic Culture Vials and analyzer BACTEC 9050. Results: Mycobacteria were detected in blood of 19 patients (11,9% of all patients): in 18 patients the growth of М. tuberculosis complex was detected (25,3% of all patients with diagnosed tuberculosis) and in 1 patient it was Mycobacterium avium complex (0,6% of all patients). It was shown, that the probability of M.tuberculosis detection was especially associated with the severity of the disease, immunosupression (less than 100 cells/mkl), hemoglobin quantity less than 90 g/l (levels were determined through the seeking for the most significant cutoffs). It was not proofed, that meningoencephalitis develops more often in patients with proven bacteremia. There were no evident differences in detection frequency of mycobacteria in sputum between patients with tuberculous sepsis and without it.Цель: изучить информативность культурального исследования крови на МБТ у больных ВИЧ-инфекцией с подозрением на туберкулезной сепсис и определить наиболее значимые предтестовые клинико-лабораторные критерии. Материалы и методы: обследование для выявления микобактерий в крови выполнено 159 больным ВИЧинфекцией с подозрением на туберкулезный сепсис. Посев крови производили на среду Myco/F Lytic Culture Vials и помещали в гемоанализатор BACTEC 9050. Результаты: микобактериальная инфекция кровотока выявлена у 19 пациентов (11,9% от числа тестируемых): у 18 человек обнаружен рост М. tuberculosis complex (25,3% от числа больных туберкулезом) и у одного больного – Mycobacterium avium complex (0,6% от числа тестируемых). Выявлено, что вероятность бактериемии наиболее связана с тяжестью состояния пациента; иммуносупрессией менее 100 клеток/мкл; снижением уровня гемоглобина менее 90 г/л (уровни были определены посредством поиска наиболее значимых порогов). Не удалось доказать, что менингоэнцефалит чаще развивается у лиц с подтвержденной бактериемией. Достоверных различий по частоте выявления МБТ в мокроте у больных с туберкулезным сепсисом и без него выявить не удалось

the Role of the Sympathomimetic Vasomotor Innervation of the Cat's Submaxillary Gland.

Pharmacological evidence suggests that the sympathetic supply to the blood vessels of the cat's submaxillary gland is adrenergic; but the most conspicuous response of these vessels to sympathetic stimulation is dilatation. Since the existence of adrenercic vasodilator fibres is controversial, the mechanism of this sympathetic vasodilatation has been investigated. It has been found that the sympathin released within the gland is mainly noradrenaline but contains a substantial proportion of adrenaline. [...

The Influence of Growth Conditions of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> EV NIIEG Strain on Its Adhesion Properties

Adhesion properties of vaccine Y. pestis EV NIIEG strain cells, cultivated in different conditions, were identified by photocolorimetric method. It was elucidated that the temperature of cultivation and the composition of nutrient media influence essentially the formation of surface structures of bacteria responsible for attachment to human red blood cells. The highest level of adhesion was demonstrated by the microbial cells cultivated at (28±1) °C on GRM-agar and Hottinger agar. Liophilisation of Y. pestis EV NIIEG cell as well as washing off extracellular metabolites did not affect the adhesion property of bacteria. The results received enabled to recommend the photocolorimetric method for study of adhesion activity of microbial cultures which were the basis of live vaccines

Transient modelling of flexible belt drive dynamics using the equations of a deformable string with discontinuities

Dynamics of a belt drive is analysed using a non-linear model of an extensible string at contour motion, in which the trajectories of particles of the belt are predetermined. The equations of string dynamics at the tight and slack spans are considered in a fixed domain by transforming into a spatial frame. Assuming the absence of slip of the belt on the surface of the pulleys, we arrive at a new model with a discontinuous velocity field and concentrated contact forces. Finite difference discretization allows numerical analysis of the resulting system of partial differential equations with delays. Example solution for the acceleration of a belt drive and an investigation of its frequency response depending on the velocity are presented and discussed.(VLID)4844560Accepted versio