Photo- and X-ray induced cytotoxicity of CeF3-YF3-TbF3 Nanoparticle-Polyvinylpyrrolidone -"Radachlorin" composites for combined photodynamic therapy

The Ce0.5Y0.35Tb0.15F3 nanoparticles with a CeF3 hexagonal structure were synthesized using the co-precipitation technique. Сonjugated with Radachlorin using polyvinylpyrrolidone coating as well as without Radachlorin were detecte

Physical Background for Luminescence Thermometry Sensors Based on Pr³⁺:LaF<inf>3</inf> Crystalline Particles

© 2017 Maksim S. Pudovkin et al. The main goal of this study was creating multifunctional nanoparticles based on rare-earth doped LaF 3 nanocrystals, which can be used as fluorescence thermal sensors operating over the 80-320 K temperature range including physiological temperature range (10-50°C). The Pr 3+ :LaF 3 (CPr = 1%) microcrystalline powder and the Pr 3+ :LaF 3 (CPr = 12%, 20%) nanoparticles were studied. It was proved that all the samples were capable of thermal sensing into the temperature range from 80 to 320 K. It was revealed that the mechanisms of temperature sensitivity for the microcrystalline powder and the nanoparticles are different. In the powder, the 3 P 1 and 3 P 0 states of Pr 3+ ion share their electronic populations according to the Boltzmann and thermalization of the 3 P 1 state takes place. In the nanoparticles, two temperature dependent mechanisms were suggested: energy migration within 3 P 0 state in the temperature range from 80 K to 200 K followed by quenching of 3 P 0 state by OH groups at higher temperatures. The values of the relative sensitivities for the Pr 3+ :LaF 3 (CPr = 1%) microcrystalline powder and the Pr 3+ :LaF 3 (CPr = 12%, 20%) nanoparticles into the physiological temperature range (at 45°C) were 1, 0.5, and 0.3% °C -1 , respectively

Сравнительная оценка использования моно- и поликлональных антител при определении подлинности различных лекарственных средств на основе интерферона альфа-2b

Quality control of recombinant interferon (rIFN) products with the help of modern analytical methods, including those used for identification, is becoming increasingly relevant nowadays. Identification is especially challenging in the case of Russian rIFN products that contain not only interferon (IFN) alpha-2b, but also other active ingredients and excipients that hinder the use of physical and chemical methods. Manufacturers of such products use IFN neutralization assay with mono- and/or polyclonal antibodies for identification. The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of using different types of antibodies in the identification test based on neutralization of IFN antiviral activity in IFN alpha-2b products containing other active ingredients and excipients in addition to IFN. Materials and methods: the following materials were used in the study: MDBK cells, vesicular stomatitis virus, samples of IFN alpha-2b products with different composition and by different manufacturers, mono- and polyclonal antibodies by different manufacturers. Identification of rINFs was carried out by a biological method based on neutralization by specific antibodies of IFN ability to suppress the cytopathic effect of the indicator virus in a cell culture using a reference standard for comparison. Results: both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were shown to neutralize the activity of the tested IFN alpha-2b substances. Polyclonal antibodies interact with all products containing the same active ingredients, irrespective of their composition. Monoclonal antibodies interact selectively with some products. Conclusions: polyclonal antibodies can be used for identification of any product containing IFN alpha-2b. The use of monoclonal antibodies for this purpose is limited and depends on the composition of the product.В настоящее время все большую актуальность приобретают вопросы оценки качества лекарственных препаратов на основе рекомбинантных интерферонов (рИФН) с использованием современных аналитических методов, среди которых одними из важнейших являются методы определения подлинности. Особую проблему представляет оценка подлинности интерферона в отечественных препаратах на основе рИФН, содержащих помимо интерферона (ИФН) альфа-2b иные действующие и вспомогательные вещества, затрудняющие определение этого показателя физико-химическими методами. Производители препаратов указанного типа используют для оценки их подлинности реакцию нейтрализации ИНФ различными моно- и поликлональными антителами. Цель работы: оценка пригодности различных видов антител для проведения испытания по показателю «Подлинность» в реакции нейтрализации противовирусной активности интерферона в различных лекарственных средствах на основе интерферона альфа-2b, содержащих помимо интерферона иные действующие и вспомогательные вещества. Материалы и методы: в исследовании использовали клетки MDBK, вирус везикулярного стоматита, образцы различных лекарственных средств, содержащих интерферон альфа-2b, разного состава и производства, моно- и поликлональные антитела различного производства. Определение подлинности рИНФ проводили биологическим методом, основанным на нейтрализации специфическими антителами способности ИФН подавлять цитопатическое действие индикаторного вируса в культуре клеток в сравнении со стандартным образцом. Результаты: показано, что образцы всех субстанций на основе интерферона альфа-2b нейтрализуются как поликлональными, так и моноклональными антителами. Поликлональные антитела взаимодействуют со всеми лекарственными препаратами различного состава, изготовленными из тех же субстанций. Моноклональные антитела избирательно взаимодействуют с некоторыми препаратами. Выводы: поликлональные антитела универсальны с точки зрения возможности их использования для определения подлинности любого препарата, содержащего ИФН альфа-2b. Применение с этой целью моноклональных антител ограничено и зависит от состава препарата

Comparative evaluation of mono- and polyclonal antibodies used in identification of interferon alpha-2b products

Quality control of recombinant interferon (rIFN) products with the help of modern analytical methods, including those used for identification, is becoming increasingly relevant nowadays. Identification is especially challenging in the case of Russian rIFN products that contain not only interferon (IFN) alpha-2b, but also other active ingredients and excipients that hinder the use of physical and chemical methods. Manufacturers of such products use IFN neutralization assay with mono- and/or polyclonal antibodies for identification. The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of using different types of antibodies in the identification test based on neutralization of IFN antiviral activity in IFN alpha-2b products containing other active ingredients and excipients in addition to IFN. Materials and methods: the following materials were used in the study: MDBK cells, vesicular stomatitis virus, samples of IFN alpha-2b products with different composition and by different manufacturers, mono- and polyclonal antibodies by different manufacturers. Identification of rINFs was carried out by a biological method based on neutralization by specific antibodies of IFN ability to suppress the cytopathic effect of the indicator virus in a cell culture using a reference standard for comparison. Results: both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies were shown to neutralize the activity of the tested IFN alpha-2b substances. Polyclonal antibodies interact with all products containing the same active ingredients, irrespective of their composition. Monoclonal antibodies interact selectively with some products. Conclusions: polyclonal antibodies can be used for identification of any product containing IFN alpha-2b. The use of monoclonal antibodies for this purpose is limited and depends on the composition of the product

Possible ways to control the luminescent properties of LaF<inf>3</inf> nanoparticles doped with rare-earth ions

© 2018 IEEE. Luminescence decay properties of crystalline LaF3 nanoparticles activated by 5% Sm3+ or 12% Ce3+ ions were studied. The observed effects of the variation of synthesis conditions and composite structure on luminescence properties of nanoparticles open the way to manage luminescence and energy transfer properties of the materials

Possible ways to control the luminescent properties of LaF<inf>3</inf> nanoparticles doped with rare-earth ions

© 2018 IEEE. Luminescence decay properties of crystalline LaF3 nanoparticles activated by 5% Sm3+ or 12% Ce3+ ions were studied. The observed effects of the variation of synthesis conditions and composite structure on luminescence properties of nanoparticles open the way to manage luminescence and energy transfer properties of the materials

The comparison of Pr³⁺:LaF<inf>3</inf> and Pr³⁺:LiYF<inf>4</inf> luminescent nano- and microthermometer performances

© 2019, Springer Nature B.V. In the present work, we make a comparison of Pr3+:LaF3 and Pr3+:LiYF4 luminescent nano- and microthermometer performances. We studied Pr3+:LaF3 nanoparticles, synthesized via co-precipitation method (further Pr3+:LaF3 (co-precipitation)), Pr3+:LaF3 nanoparticles, synthesized via hydrothermal method (further Pr3+:LaF3 (hydrothermal)), and Pr3+:LaF3 microparticles as well as Pr3+:LiYF4 nanoparticles, synthesized via hydrothermal method (further Pr3+:LiYF4 nanoparticles) and Pr3+:LaF3 microparticles. According to the X-ray diffraction, Pr3+:LaF3 (co-precipitation) and Pr3+:LaF3 (hydrothermal) nanoparticles are hexagonal-structured nanocrystals. Pr3+:LiYF4 nanoparticles are tetragonal-structured nanocrystals. The average diameters of Pr3+:LaF3 (co-precipitation), Pr3+:LaF3 (hydrothermal), and Pr3+:LiYF4 nanoparticles are 13.9, 19.4, and 33.3 nm, respectively. The Pr3+:LaF3 (co-precipitation) and Pr3+:LaF3 (hydrothermal) nanoparticles demonstrate broadband luminescence caused by crystal lattice defects (luminescence background). This luminescence background notably decreases the temperature sensitivity of these samples. The luminescent background removing procedure significantly complicates the signal processing procedure. Pr3+:LaF3 microparticles, Pr3+:LiYF4 nanoparticles, and Pr3+:LaF3 microparticles do not demonstrate this undesirable phenomenon. The absolute temperature sensitivity Sa of Pr3+:LiYF4 nanoparticles, Pr3+:LiYF4 microparticles, and Pr3+:LaF3 microparticles at 300 K are 0.0117 ± 0.0010, 0.0106 ± 0.0010, and 0.0102 ± 0.0012 K−1, respectively. Although the values of Sa are very close for these samples, the nanosized dimensionality of Pr3+:LiYF4 nanoparticles allows achieving high spatial resolution and expanding the fields of application of Pr3+:LiYF4 nanoparticles

Luminescence Nanothermometry Based on Pr³⁺: LaF<inf>3</inf> Single Core and Pr³⁺: LaF<inf>3</inf>/LaF<inf>3</inf> Core/Shell Nanoparticles

© 2019 M. S. Pudovkin et al. Core Pr3+: LaF3 (CPr = 1%) plate-like nanoparticles (nanoplates), core/shell Pr3+: LaF3 (CPr = 1%)/LaF3 nanoplates, core Pr3+: LaF3 (CPr = 1%) sphere-like nanoparticles (nanospheres), and core/shell Pr3+: LaF3 (CPr = 1%)/LaF3 nanospheres were synthesized via the coprecipitation method of synthesis. The nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and optical spectroscopy. The formation of the shell was proved by detecting the increase in physical sizes, sizes of coherent scattering regions, and luminescence lifetimes of core/shell NPs comparing with single core NPs. The average physical sizes of core nanoplates, core/shell nanoplates, core nanospheres, and core/shell nanospheres were 62.2 ± 0.9, 74.7 ± 1.2, 13.8 ± 0.9 and 22.0 ± 1.2 nm, respectively. The formation of the NP shell led to increasing of effective luminescence lifetime τeff of the 3P0 state of Pr3+ ions for the core nanoplates, core/shell nanoplates, core nanospheres, and core/shell nanospheres the values of τeff were 2.3, 3.6, 3.2, and 4.7 μsec, respectively (at 300 K). The values of absolute sensitivity Sa for fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) thermometry was 0.01 K-1 at 300 K for all the samples. The FIR sensitivity can be attributed to the fact that 3P1 and 3P0 states share their electronic populations according to the Boltzmann process. The values of Sa for lifetime thermometry for core nanoplates, core/shell nanoplates, core nanospheres, and core/shell nanospheres were (36.4 ± 3.1) · 10-4, (70.7 ± 5.9) · 10-4, (40.7 ± 2.6) · 10-4, and (68.8 ± 2.4) · 10-4 K-1, respectively

Luminescence Nanothermometry Based on Pr³⁺: LaF<inf>3</inf> Single Core and Pr³⁺: LaF<inf>3</inf>/LaF<inf>3</inf> Core/Shell Nanoparticles

© 2019 M. S. Pudovkin et al. Core Pr3+: LaF3 (CPr = 1%) plate-like nanoparticles (nanoplates), core/shell Pr3+: LaF3 (CPr = 1%)/LaF3 nanoplates, core Pr3+: LaF3 (CPr = 1%) sphere-like nanoparticles (nanospheres), and core/shell Pr3+: LaF3 (CPr = 1%)/LaF3 nanospheres were synthesized via the coprecipitation method of synthesis. The nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and optical spectroscopy. The formation of the shell was proved by detecting the increase in physical sizes, sizes of coherent scattering regions, and luminescence lifetimes of core/shell NPs comparing with single core NPs. The average physical sizes of core nanoplates, core/shell nanoplates, core nanospheres, and core/shell nanospheres were 62.2 ± 0.9, 74.7 ± 1.2, 13.8 ± 0.9 and 22.0 ± 1.2 nm, respectively. The formation of the NP shell led to increasing of effective luminescence lifetime τeff of the 3P0 state of Pr3+ ions for the core nanoplates, core/shell nanoplates, core nanospheres, and core/shell nanospheres the values of τeff were 2.3, 3.6, 3.2, and 4.7 μsec, respectively (at 300 K). The values of absolute sensitivity Sa for fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) thermometry was 0.01 K-1 at 300 K for all the samples. The FIR sensitivity can be attributed to the fact that 3P1 and 3P0 states share their electronic populations according to the Boltzmann process. The values of Sa for lifetime thermometry for core nanoplates, core/shell nanoplates, core nanospheres, and core/shell nanospheres were (36.4 ± 3.1) · 10-4, (70.7 ± 5.9) · 10-4, (40.7 ± 2.6) · 10-4, and (68.8 ± 2.4) · 10-4 K-1, respectively