Evaluation of drug administration errors in a teaching hospital

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Medication errors can occur at any of the three steps of the medication use process: prescribing, dispensing and administration. We aimed to determine the incidence, type and clinical importance of drug administration errors and to identify risk factors.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Prospective study based on disguised observation technique in four wards in a teaching hospital in Paris, France (800 beds). A pharmacist accompanied nurses and witnessed the preparation and administration of drugs to all patients during the three drug rounds on each of six days per ward. Main outcomes were number, type and clinical importance of errors and associated risk factors. Drug administration error rate was calculated with and without wrong time errors. Relationship between the occurrence of errors and potential risk factors were investigated using logistic regression models with random effects.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Twenty-eight nurses caring for 108 patients were observed. Among 1501 opportunities for error, 415 administrations (430 errors) with one or more errors were detected (27.6%). There were 312 wrong time errors, ten simultaneously with another type of error, resulting in an error rate without wrong time error of 7.5% (113/1501). The most frequently administered drugs were the cardiovascular drugs (425/1501, 28.3%). The highest risks of error in a drug administration were for dermatological drugs. No potentially life-threatening errors were witnessed and 6% of errors were classified as having a serious or significant impact on patients (mainly omission). In multivariate analysis, the occurrence of errors was associated with drug administration route, drug classification (ATC) and the number of patient under the nurse's care.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Medication administration errors are frequent. The identification of its determinants helps to undertake designed interventions.</p

Controlled Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Acetate Mediated by a Bis(imino)pyridine Vanadium Complex

Source type: Prin

Synthesis of Highly Enantioenriched Chiral alpha-Aminoorganotins via Diastereoselective Ring Opening of Chiral N-(Arenesulfonyl) 2-Tributylstannyloxazolidines

International audiencetrans-N-(Arenesulfonyl)-2-tributylstannyloxazolidines derived from (R)-phenylglycinol were diaster-ecoselectively ring-opened by soft organometallic reagents in the presence of BF3 center dot OEt2. Both higher order organocuprates and allyltributyltin afforded the desired products in good-to-excellent yields and high diasterecoseloctivities (dr tip to 99/1). The stercochemical assignments of tributylstannyl-beta-aminoalcohols were firmly established from NMR data and after determination of several radiocrystallographic structures. Mechanisms were proposed in order to rationalize the observed selectivities

Photoresponsive cellulose paper as a molecular printboard for covalent printing

This contribution unveils and defines the concept of covalent printing onto cellulose paper through the support of a simple and efficient strategy. A photoresponsive cellulose paper bearing disulfide functional groups was created as a molecular printboard for spatio-temporal writing through thiol-X ligation of functional inks upon light irradiation. This strategy using molecular inks in a modular way culminated with the creation of patterns with a high resolution. Hidden covalent writing to the naked eyes was developed through the use of coumarin-based inks while the use of colored inks containing a rhodamine backbone established an uncovered pH-responsive covalent printing, both strategies can potentially find applications in the formation of anti-counterfeiting devices

A highly selective colorimetric and fluorescent chemosensor for Cr2+ in aqueous solutions

A new rhodamine-based chemosensor was synthetized through a modified copper-catalyzed [3+2]-cycloaddition of an azidocoumarin with an alkynyl-rhodamine. Its sensing properties toward various metal cations in aqueous solutions were investigated by colorimetric changes, UV vis and fluorescence spectroscopies. The sensor exhibited a high selectivity for Cr2+ over Cr3+ and other divalent cations such as Cu2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Hg2+. and Ni2+. The linear range of detection by fluorescence spectroscopy is 0.07-3.5 mM, with a detection limit of ca. 64 mu M. The binding mode of Cr2+ with the sensor was rationalized through experimental evidences. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Reactifs organostanniques supportes recyclables et non polluants: halogenation regioselective d'amines aromatiques

Communication par affiche intitulée (présentée par J.-M. Chretien) : Reactifs organostanniques supportes recyclables et non polluants: halogenation regioselective d'amines aromatique

Writing and erasing hidden optical information on covalently modified cellulose paper

An unprecedented strategy for preparing photoresponsive cellulose paper enabling the storage of short-lived optical data by covalent photopatterning is disclosed. An ab initio design hinting that the covalent grafting of coumarins on the paper could yield valuable photoresponsive units was first performed. Second, light sensitive paper that can be reversibly altered upon irradiation at a specific wavelength was prepared by covalent surface functionalization with coumarins. Third, the validity of this strategy is demonstrated using the photolithography of several gripping patterns such as a dynamic QR code

Chiral a-Aminoorganostannanes : Precursors of a-Aminoorganolithiums

Communication par affiche intitulée (présentée par V. Coeffard) : Chiral a-Aminoorganostannanes : Precursors of a-Aminoorganolithium