22 research outputs found
The Adsorption of Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, and Cd by Modified Ligand in a Single Component Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium, Kinetic, Thermodynamic, and Desorption Studies
In this investigation, an amino functionalized adsorbent was developed by grafting 4-aminobenzoic acid onto the backbone of cross-linked chitosan beads. The 3 sets of beads including chitosan (CX), glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan (CCX), and 4-aminobenzoic acid grafted cross-linked chitosan (FGCX) were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TGA. The water content and amine concentration of FGCX were determined. The effect of adsorption parameters was studied and the optimum was used for further studies. Equilibrium data was obtained from the adsorption experiment carried out at different initial concentration; the data were applied in isotherm, thermodynamics, and kinetic studies. The Langmuir and Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushkevich (DKR) models were successful in describing the isotherm data for the considered metal ions while the Freundlich and Temkin model fit some of the considered metal ions. Pseudo-second-order and intraparticle model described the kinetic data quite well. Thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbâs free energy change (ÎGo), enthalpy change (ÎHo), and entropy change (ÎSo) were calculated and the results showed that the adsorption of Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Cd ions onto FGCX is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. Regeneration of the spent adsorbent was efficient for the considered metal ions
Awareness and perception of maternal mortality among women in a semi-urban community in the Niger Delta of Nigeria
Background: Maternal mortality rates are very high in Nigeria.
Increased level of awareness and perception will reduce maternal
mortality rates. Objective: The study was aimed at assessing the
awareness and perception of maternal mortality among women in the
reproductive age group at Ogunu community in Warri South Local
Government Area of Delta State. Methodology: This was a descriptive
cross-sectional study that was carried out in Ogunu town in Delta
State. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 400 women,
who gave consent to be enrolled in the study. They were assisted in
filling a semi-structured questionnaire containing questions on
awareness and perception of maternal mortality among women in the
community. Information generated was recorded on a data collection
sheet designed for the study. The coded data were fed into the computer
using the SPSS program to determine the mean values and frequencies.
Results: A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed; of these, 349
were completely filled and returned. The mean age of the study subjects
was 31.6 \ub1 7.7 years. Among these subjects, 54.7% were married,
while 32.7%, 28.7% and 26.5% had tertiary, secondary and primary
education, respectively. The study revealed that 96.3% of the subjects
felt that death can occur from pregnancy-related problems, while 69.1%
were aware of maternal mortality. Majority of the subjects agreed that
one or more forms of delay could be responsible for their death. This
study shows that a good proportion of subjects was aware of maternal
mortality and also had a good perception of it. Conclusion: Efforts
should be directed towards educating women about the risk of delivering
in homes of traditional birth attendants, maternity homes and health
centers, and the concept of early referral of women to the hospital
should be reinforced. Providing information to women on prevention of
maternal mortality and community participation and mobilization will
help prevent maternal mortality to some extent in Nigeria