Osteoporosis Prevention is Linked to Education, Childhood Meals and Milk Consumption in Young Adult Females

The three aims of the study investigated the females’ age 18-25 perception, knowledge, and health beliefs, barriers and strategies to overcoming barriers to prevent osteoporosis. The mixed method explanatory design of research was implemented. Phase one used a survey to gather demographic data, past and current behaviors, the completion of the Osteoporosis Health Behavior Scale (OHBS) questionnaire, and Short Calcium Intake List (SCaIL). Four hundred forty-nine quality survey responses were obtained. The second phase, the focus group (n=23), discussed questions designed to answer the three aims of the study. Results- Our analysis showed 90% of our 447 survey participants did not ingest the RDA of 1000mg of calcium. Those that drank milk growing up and ate four or more family meals were more likely to consume the RDA of calcium as a young adult. Also those consuming 2 or more glasses of milk per day as a young adult were more likely to meet calcium RDA. As participants were more health motivated they saw fewer barriers to exercise and calcium intake. There was a positive relationship between if participants believed they were more susceptible to and viewed osteoporosis as serious they were more likely to believe there were more barriers to helping themselves. Conclusion- These results suggest a need for nutrition education using hands-on teaching methods, and a national marketing/social media platform focused towards the young adult female pertaining to dietary consumption of calcium, vitamin D and physical activity as it relates to bone health/prevention of osteoporosis. This age group are the future parents and leaders of the next generation and current and past research indicates education of healthy meals, childhood milk consumption and family meals equate to healthier future outcomes of the next generation

E_{11}, ten forms and supergravity

We extend the previously given non-linear realisation of E_{11} for the decomposition appropriate to IIB supergravity to include the ten forms that were known to be present in the adjoint representation. We find precise agreement with the results on ten forms found by closing the IIB supersymmetry algebra.Comment: 14 page

Fiber Optic Strain Sensor for Planetary Gear Diagnostics

This paper presents a new sensing approach for helicopter damage detection in the planetary stage of a helicopter transmission based on a fiber optic strain sensor array. Complete helicopter transmission damage detection has proven itself a difficult task due to the complex geometry of the planetary reduction stage. The crowded and complex nature of the gearbox interior does not allow for attachment of sensors within the rotating frame. Hence, traditional vibration-based diagnostics are instead based on measurements from externally mounted sensors, typically accelerometers, fixed to the gearbox exterior. However, this type of sensor is susceptible to a number of external disturbances that can corrupt the data, leading to false positives or missed detection of potentially catastrophic faults. Fiber optic strain sensors represent an appealing alternative to the accelerometer. Their small size and multiplexibility allows for potentially greater sensing resolution and accuracy, as well as redundancy, when employed as an array of sensors. The work presented in this paper is focused on the detection of gear damage in the planetary stage of a helicopter transmission using a fiber optic strain sensor band. The sensor band includes an array of 13 strain sensors, and is mounted on the ring gear of a Bell Helicopter OH-58C transmission. Data collected from the sensor array is compared to accelerometer data, and the damage detection results are presente