Leptoquark patterns unifying neutrino masses, flavor anomalies, and the diphoton excess

Vector leptoquarks provide an elegant solution to a series of anomalies and at the same time generate naturally light neutrino masses through their mixing with the standard model Higgs boson. We present a simple Froggatt-Nielsen model to accommodate the B physics anomalies $R_K$ and $R_D$, neutrino masses, and the $750$ GeV diphoton excess in one cohesive framework adding only two vector leptoquarks and two singlet scalar fields to the standard model field content.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures; final version published in PR

The reduction of the closest disentangled states

We study the closest disentangled state to a given entangled state in any system (multi-party with any dimension). We obtain the set of equations the closest disentangled state must satisfy, and show that its reduction is strongly related to the extremal condition of the local filtering on each party. Although the equations we obtain are not still tractable, we find some sufficient conditions for which the closest disentangled state has the same reduction as the given entangled state. Further, we suggest a prescription to obtain a tight upper bound of the relative entropy of entanglement in two-qubit systems.Comment: a crucial error was correcte

A new emerging oral infection: Raoultella planticola in a boy with haematological malignancy

BACKGROUND: Oral mucositis is a common complication in pediatric cancer patients, affecting up to 80% of children. Due to neutropenia and disruption of the mucosal barrier, chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis is often complicated by super-infections. CASE REPORT: A 16-years old male with stage 3 Burkitt's lymphoma developed chemotherapy induced oral mucositis grade 3 (according to WHO scale). Ulcers were quickly growing (reaching a maximum diameter of 3 cm) and became greyish in colour, resulting in dysphagia and pain. A swab of the lesions was taken and microbiological tests were performed. The sample grew for Raoultella planticola, an encapsulated Gram-negative bacterium whose full pathogenic potential still needs to be defined. TREATMENT: The patient received antibiotic combination therapy with Amikacin and Ceftazidime for 8 days. Complete healing of the lesions and resolution of the symptoms were reached and he completed his antineoplastic therapy without further complications. FOLLOW-UP: Twelve months after the infection, he is alive and well, with no oral complaints. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of a Raoultella planticola infection in a patient with chemotherapy induced oral mucositis. This type of infection must be added to the list of organisms to be considered when caring for these patients

Influence of symmetry and Coulomb-correlation effects on the optical properties of nitride quantum dots

The electronic and optical properties of self-assembled InN/GaN quantum dots (QDs) are investigated by means of a tight-binding model combined with configuration interaction calculations. Tight-binding single particle wave functions are used as a basis for computing Coulomb and dipole matrix elements. Within this framework, we analyze multi-exciton emission spectra for two different sizes of a lens-shaped InN/GaN QD with wurtzite crystal structure. The impact of the symmetry of the involved electron and hole one-particle states on the optical spectra is discussed in detail. Furthermore we show how the characteristic features of the spectra can be interpreted using a simplified Hamiltonian which provides analytical results for the interacting multi-exciton complexes. We predict a vanishing exciton and biexciton ground state emission for small lens-shaped InN/GaN QDs. For larger systems we report a bright ground state emission but with drastically reduced oscillator strengths caused by the quantum confined Stark effect.Comment: 15 pages, 17 figure

Generation of energy selective excitations in quantum Hall edge states

We operate an on-demand source of single electrons in high perpendicular magnetic fields up to 30T, corresponding to a filling factor below 1/3. The device extracts and emits single charges at a tunable energy from and to a two-dimensional electron gas, brought into well defined integer and fractional quantum Hall (QH) states. It can therefore be used for sensitive electrical transport studies, e.g. of excitations and relaxation processes in QH edge states

Structure of scalar mesons and the Higgs sector of strong interaction

The scalar mesons $\sigma(600)$, $\kappa(800)$, $f_0(980)$ and $a_0(980)$ together with the pseudo Goldstone bosons $\pi$, $K$, and $\eta$ may be considered as the Higgs sector of strong interaction. After a long time of uncertainty about the internal structure of the scalar mesons there now seems to be consistency which is in line with the major parts of experimental observations. Great progress has been made by introducing the unified model of Close and T\"ornqvist. This model states that mesons below 1 GeV may be understood as $q^2\bar{q}^2$ in S-wave with some $q\bar{q}$ in P-wave in the center, further out they rearrange as $(q\bar{q})^2$ and finally as meson-meson states. The P-wave component inherent in the structure of the neutral scalar mesons can be understood as a doorway state for the formation of the scalar meson via two-photon fusion, whereas in nucleon Compton scattering these P-wave components serve as intermediate states. The masses of the scalar mesons are predicted in terms of spontaneous and explicit symmetry breaking.Comment: 5 figure

Entropic bounds on coding for noisy quantum channels

In analogy with its classical counterpart, a noisy quantum channel is characterized by a loss, a quantity that depends on the channel input and the quantum operation performed by the channel. The loss reflects the transmission quality: if the loss is zero, quantum information can be perfectly transmitted at a rate measured by the quantum source entropy. By using block coding based on sequences of n entangled symbols, the average loss (defined as the overall loss of the joint n-symbol channel divided by n, when n tends to infinity) can be made lower than the loss for a single use of the channel. In this context, we examine several upper bounds on the rate at which quantum information can be transmitted reliably via a noisy channel, that is, with an asymptotically vanishing average loss while the one-symbol loss of the channel is non-zero. These bounds on the channel capacity rely on the entropic Singleton bound on quantum error-correcting codes [Phys. Rev. A 56, 1721 (1997)]. Finally, we analyze the Singleton bounds when the noisy quantum channel is supplemented with a classical auxiliary channel.Comment: 20 pages RevTeX, 10 Postscript figures. Expanded Section II, added 1 figure, changed title. To appear in Phys. Rev. A (May 98

Strengthened Lindblad inequality: applications in non equilibrium thermodynamics and quantum information theory

A strengthened Lindblad inequality has been proved. We have applied this result for proving a generalized $H$-theorem in non equilibrium thermodynamics. Information processing also can be considered as some thermodynamic process. From this point of view we have proved a strengthened data processing inequality in quantum information theory.Comment: 7 pages, revte

Simple Realization Of The Fredkin Gate Using A Series Of Two-body Operators

The Fredkin three-bit gate is universal for computational logic, and is reversible. Classically, it is impossible to do universal computation using reversible two-bit gates only. Here we construct the Fredkin gate using a combination of six two-body reversible (quantum) operators.Comment: Revtex 3.0, 7 pages, 3 figures appended at the end, please refer to the comment lines at the beginning of the manuscript for reasons of replacemen