Combined proteome and transcriptome analyses for the discovery of urinary biomarkers for urothelial carcinoma

Background: Proteomic discovery of cancer biomarkers in body fluids is challenging because of their low abundance in a complex background. Altered gene expression in tumours may not reflect protein levels in body fluids. We have tested combining gene expression profiling of tumours with proteomic analysis of cancer cell line secretomes as a strategy to discover urinary biomarkers for bladder cancer. Methods: We used shotgun proteomics to identify proteins secreted by three bladder cancer cell lines. Secreted proteins with high mRNA levels in bladder tumours relative to normal urothelium were assayed by ELISA in urine samples from 642 patients. Results: Midkine and HAI-1 were significantly increased in bladder cancer patients, with the highest levels in invasive disease (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.89 vs non-cancer). The urinary concentration of both proteins was too high to be explained by bladder cancer associated haematuria and most likely arises by direct tumour secretion. Conclusions: This ‘dual-omic’ strategy identified tumour secreted proteins whose urine concentrations are increased significantly by bladder cancer. Combined secretome-transcriptome analysis may be more useful than direct proteomic analysis of body fluids for biomarker discovery in both bladder cancer and other tumour type

Onverwacht metaal in het kleine bekken

A 69-year-old woman with right-sided flank pain, probably based on a ureteropelvic junction obstruction, underwent JJ-catheter placement under fluoroscopic guidance. X-ray showed an appendix filled with shot pellets. This phenomenon has been described earlier in Eskimo hunters, who were known to accidently swallow shot pellets lodged in hunted animals. Shot pellet accumulation can result in appendicitis perforata or lead poisoning

Unexpected metal in the pelvis

A 69-year-old woman with right-sided flank pain, probably based on a ureteropelvic junction obstruction, underwent JJ-catheter placement under fluoroscopic guidance. X-ray showed an appendix filled with shot pellets. This phenomenon has been described earlier in Eskimo hunters, who were known to accidently swallow shot pellets lodged in hunted animals. Shot pellet accumulation can result in appendicitis perforata or lead poisoning.</p

International Energy Agency Annex 39: High Performance Thermal Insulation Materials, Subtask A: Vacuum insulation panels - study on VIP-components and panels for service life prediction of VIP in building applications

Peer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye