Alien Registration- Burtt, Margaret E. (Houlton, Aroostook County)

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A Statistical Analysis of Blackbird Aggressiveness

Author Institution: Department of Psychology and Department of Zoology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohioscale with a reliability of 0.82 was developed for rating an avian behavior pattern tentatively identified as aggressiveness. The scale was applied to wild birds held in the hand and threatened in a standardized fashion. Individual differences in aggressiveness were demonstrated for Brown-headed Cowbirds and Common Grackles. Correlation between two ratings of the same bird was 0.53 for Grackles and 0.79 for Cowbirds. The most aggressive species of those studied were Grackles and Cowbirds and the least aggressive were Red-winged Blackbirds and Starling

Sex Differences in the Tendency for Brown-Headed Cowbirds and Red-Winged Blackbirds to Re-Enter a Decoy Trap

Author Institution: Department of Psychology and Department of Zoology, The Ohio State UniversityFemale Red-winged Blackbirds and Brown-headed Cowbirds re-entered a decoy trap with greater frequency than did the males. It appeared that this difference in behavior was due to the location of the trap in the breeding territories of these two species. Although the Brown-headed Cowbird is a nest parasite, it does exhibit many of the same breeding territorial relationships between the sexes as the Red-winged Blackbird, which is polygynous. The female Red-winged Blackbird does all of the nest building, incubation of the young, care of the nestlings, and most of the fledging of the immatures while the males desert their breeding territories for a time each day. This behavior alone would explain females' greater re-entry in the trap. The trap, with its decoys, is a social stimulant and the female may be more susceptible to such a stimulus

Measurement of Complacency in Blackbirds

Author Institution: Department of Psychology and Department of Zoology, Ohio State Universityhe complacencyagitation continuum in Blackbirds was studied by recording their behavior in an observation cage. A scoring pattern with a reliability of 0.91 was developed. Cowbirds are the most complacent species and Starlings the most agitated. Grackles and Red-wings are intermediate. Individual differences within each species are demonstrated. It is probable that the trait under investigation is composed of a number of factors and that a factor analysis of several tests like the present one will throw light on avian personality structur

High Mortality of a Population of Cowbirds Wintering at Columbus, Ohio

High mortality was experienced during two heavy rainfalls by a wintering population of Cowbirds in Columbus, Ohio. Their death was associated with a soaking of their feathers, and their inability to fly and to remain on their perches in the roost. Causes of death may be associated with the lowering of their body temperature, enhanced by bathing in streams containing detergents

Technology requirements for post-1985 communications satellites

The technical and functional requirements for commercial communication satellites are discussed. The need for providing quality service at an acceptable cost is emphasized. Specialized services are postulated in a needs model which forecasts future demands. This needs model is based upon 322 separately identified needs for long distance communication. It is shown that the 1985 demand for satellite communication service for a domestic region such as the United States, and surrounding sea and air lanes, may require on the order of 100,000 MHz of bandwith. This level of demand can be met by means of the presently allocated bandwidths and developing some key technologies. Suggested improvements include: (1) improving antennas so that high speed switching will be possible; (2) development of solid state transponders for 12 GHz and possibly higher frequencies; (3) development of switched or steered beam antennas with 10 db or higher gain for aircraft; and (4) continued development of improved video channel compression techniques and hardware