Echocardiographic evaluation of left atrial performance by using left atrial appendage flow velocity

Background:  Left atrial (LA) functional Study has a traditional role in evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function. The widely accepted echocardiographic parameters used in routine clinical practice to assess left ventricular diastolic function include pulsed-wave doppler mitral inflow analysis, tissue doppler imaging measurements, and LA dimension estimation. Left atrial appendage doppler studies using early diastolic emptying velocity, late diastolic emptying velocity and LAA filling velocity imaging to assess LA function were validated in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Currently, there is no evidence regarding the Left atrial appendage doppler studies used in identifying the performance of left atrium and diastolic function in patients with Normal Sinus Rhythm. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the performance of left atrial function in patients with normal sinus rhythm using Left atrial appendage doppler studies. Methods: In a study population of 63 patients aged >18 years old who undergone routine echocardiographic study for Cardiac evaluation between Jan 2017 to Jan 2018, among which 40 (64%) were males and 23 (36%) were females. For those Patient’s, left atrial appendage flow velocity and diastolic doppler parameters are noted from G E echocardiography machine by the single observer. Results: The Mean Left Atrial Appendage (late-diastolic emptying velocity) in diastolic dysfunction patients (39.74) associated with impaired left atrial function, when compared with the mean Left Atrial Appendage (late-diastolic emptying velocity) in patients without diastolic dysfunction (54.76) respectively. Conclusion: In this study, we founded that Patient with diastolic dysfunction had an impaired left atrial function that was measured by left atrial appendage flow velocity

NUCLEAR FACTOR Y, subunit A (NF-YA) proteins positively regulate flowering and act through FLOWERING LOCUS T

Photoperiod dependent flowering is one of several mechanisms used by plants to initiate the developmental transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. The NUCLEAR FACTOR Y (NF-Y) transcription factors are heterotrimeric complexes composed of NF-YA and histone-fold domain (HFD) containing NF-YB/NF-YC, that initiate photoperiod-dependent flowering by cooperatively interacting with CONSTANS (CO) to drive the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). This involves NF-Y and CO binding at distal CCAAT and proximal “CORE” elements, respectively, in the FT promoter. While this is well established for the HFD subunits, there remains some question over the potential role of NF-YA as either positive or negative regulators of this process. Here we provide strong support, in the form of genetic and biochemical analyses, that NF-YA, in complex with NF-YB/NF-YC proteins, can directly bind the distal CCAAT box in the FT promoter and are positive regulators of flowering in an FT-dependent manner.This work was funded by the National Science Foundation (US, http://www.nsf.gov/) award 1149822 to BFH. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ye

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Associated with Biomedical Waste Management among Students in an Indian Teaching Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study

Purpose:  In developing countries, the medical waste management and treatment pose a great deal of concern because of the potential health and environmental hazards presented by this waste. Although India has guidelines on preventing and managing waste, the implementation is still difficult due to technological, economic, and social challenges, as well as insufficient training for the staff, students, in charge. This study aimed to measure the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among allied health science, physiotherapy, pharmacy, and nursing students about biomedical waste management. Design/Methodology/Approach: Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from students of nursing, physiotherapy, pharmacy, and allied health at Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Allied Health Teaching Hospital. Based on the participant responses, statistical analysis was performed to compare the levels of knowledge, attitude, and practices between the study groups. Findings/Results: This study recruited 237 respondents in total, with 59.4% of the female participants and 40.5% of the study respondents representing men. Most (90.8%) of the study population fell within the 21–30 age range. The study analyzed students' knowledge of needle-stick injuries in the allied health sciences, physiotherapy, pharmacy, and nursing fields. Only PhD Scholars from Allied health science and Nursing Students had (>90%) excellent knowledge about this topic. 42 (84%) Nursing, 20 (80%) Pharmacy, 13(26%) Allied health and 35 (70%) Physiotherapy undergraduate’s students had suffered from needle stick injuries in the past 24 months. Originality/Value: According to the study, there is a dearth of knowledge and awareness among students studying allied health sciences, physiotherapy, pharmacy, and nursing at private medical colleges in Tamil Nadu, India, concerning the risks associated with BM waste generation and the related laws and management. Paper Type: Empirical Researc

Right ventricular systolic function assessment methods and its correlation for determining the RV function in patients with structurally normal heart and normal pulmonary artery pressure

Background: In clinical practice, RV assessment is often based on qualitative estimation, and it is regarded as a neglected chamber. The right ventricle (RV) has a critical function in cardiovascular physiology and pathology. It is currently receiving increasing attention for its recognition as a critical component of many cardiovascular conditions. Objectives: To determine the most appropriate method for RV Function assessment in patients with structurally normal heart and normal pulmonary artery pressure by echocardiography. Methods: Echocardiographic imaging was performed using the VIVID E7  echocardiographic system  (GE)  with a  standard transducer, and electrocardiogram-gated images with a  minimum of  5  cardiac loop images were acquired.  Echocardiographic data will be stored on a  personal computer with dedicated software for offline analysis. Results: In the present study, the Right ventricular parameters were measured using M-mode and doppler echocardiography. The right ventricular Systolic parameters like S’ had no significant difference with that of RVMPI (P value = > 0.05). Moreover, there was significant difference between the right ventricular Systolic parameters like S’ with that of TAPSE, FAC (P value = < 0.05). Conclusion: In our study, we assessed the right ventricular function by comparing the RV systolic velocity with RVMPI, TAPSE and FAC. We found a good correlation between TAPSE, FAC, and RV systolic velocity. But RVMPI did not correlate with RV Systolic velocity

Robotic percutaneous coronary intervention (R-PCI): Time to focus on the pros and cons

Aim: To assess the safety, efficiency, and device compatibility of the Second Generation Robotic System. Methods: Data on Robot-Assisted PCI (R–PCI) is frequently insufficient in India. Many articles were published in national, non-indexed journals that are not available online and are difficult to obtain. Recognizing these constraints, the current review is intended to compile the available data on this important new innovation technique. This review could encourage future research and serve as a valuable source of information. Results/Conclusion: In terms of procedure efficiency, operator radiation reduction, and safety, the recent implementation and development of second-generation robotic systems have had a significant impact on interventional cardiology. This technology will play a significant role in the future of interventional cardiology as advancements eliminate the need for manual assistance, improve devices compatibility, and expand the use of robotics for telestenting procedures. A larger study demonstrating the safety and feasibility of tele-stenting over greater geographic distances, as well as addressing fundamental technical difficulties, would be required before attempting R–PCI

Bis(1,10-phenanthrolin-1-ium) tetrachloridozincate monohydrate

In the crystal structure of the title compound, (C12H9N2)2[ZnCl4]·H2O, the two independent 1,10-phenanthrolinium cations are bridged by the water molecule and the tetrahedral tetrachloridozincate anion via N—H...O, O—H...Cl and N—H...Cl hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [100]. The chains are linked via C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds and a number of π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distances vary from 3.5594 (14) to 3.7057 (13) Å], forming a three-dimensional network. In each 1,10-phenanthrolinium cation, there is a short N—H...N interaction

A comparative evaluation of the anticaries efficacy of herbal extracts (Tulsi and Black myrobalans) and sodium fluoride as mouthrinses in children: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease in which microorganisms play an important role. Recently, herbs have been tried as mouthrinses to combat the side effects of chemical mouthrinses. The anticaries efficacy of Sodium fluoride, Tulsi leaf, and Black myrobalans fruit extracts on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) have been reported in the literature, but no comparative study has been done yet. Aim: This study aims to observe the change in the pH of saliva and to assess the efficacy of the herbal rinses-Tulsi and Black myrobalans on S. mutans count while comparing it with Sodium fluoride mouthrinse. Methods: Herbal ethanolic extracts of Tulsi (4%) and Black myrobalans (2.5%) were prepared as mouthrinses and compared with sodium fluoride mouthrinse (0.05%). Sixty high caries risk patients were selected and allocated randomly into three groups [n = 20], categorized as Group A-Sodium fluoride mouthrinse, Group B-Tulsi mouthrinse, and Group C-Black myrobalans mouthrinse. They were instructed to rinse their mouth with their assigned mouthrinses for 7 days. Salivary samples were collected and sent to the laboratory at baseline, 1 h postrinsing and after 7th day of rinsing for determining the salivary pH and S. mutans count. The increase in pH and reduction of S. mutans were determined. The values obtained were tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: There was a significant increase in the salivary pH and reduction in S. mutans count after rinsing in all the three groups. Increase in salivary pH was more in the Sodium fluoride mouthrinse when compared to the experimental herbal groups (Group B and Group C). While S. mutans counts reduced more with Tulsi mouthrinse at 1 h postrinsing and after the 7th day of rinsing more reduction was seen in Black myrobalans mouthrinse group. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that herbal mouthrinses could be tried as an adjunctive anticaries agent against dental caries causing microorganisms