11 research outputs found
Y-chromosomal STRs in two populations from Israel and the Palestinian Authority Area: Christian and Muslim Arabs
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Genetic Evidence for the Expansion of Arabian Tribes into the Southern Levant and North Africa
New Insights on β-Thalassemia in the Palestinian Population of Gaza: High Frequency and Milder Phenotype Among Homozygous IVS-I-1 ( HBB
The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East
A sample of 526 Y chromosomes representing six Middle Eastern populations (Ashkenazi, Sephardic, and Kurdish Jews from Israel; Muslim Kurds; Muslim Arabs from Israel and the Palestinian Authority Area; and Bedouin from the Negev) was analyzed for 13 binary polymorphisms and six microsatellite loci. The investigation of the genetic relationship among three Jewish communities revealed that Kurdish and Sephardic Jews were indistinguishable from one another, whereas both differed slightly, yet significantly, from Ashkenazi Jews. The differences among Ashkenazim may be a result of low-level gene flow from European populations and/or genetic drift during isolation. Admixture between Kurdish Jews and their former Muslim host population in Kurdistan appeared to be negligible. In comparison with data available from other relevant populations in the region, Jews were found to be more closely related to groups in the north of the Fertile Crescent (Kurds, Turks, and Armenians) than to their Arab neighbors. The two haplogroups Eu 9 and Eu 10 constitute a major part of the Y chromosome pool in the analyzed sample. Our data suggest that Eu 9 originated in the northern part, and Eu 10 in the southern part of the Fertile Crescent. Genetic dating yielded estimates of the expansion of both haplogroups that cover the Neolithic period in the region. Palestinian Arabs and Bedouin differed from the other Middle Eastern populations studied here, mainly in specific high-frequency Eu 10 haplotypes not found in the non-Arab groups. These chromosomes might have been introduced through migrations from the Arabian Peninsula during the last two millennia. The present study contributes to the elucidation of the complex demographic history that shaped the present-day genetic landscape in the region
Genetic Evidence for the Expansion of Arabian Tribes into the Southern Levant and North Africa
ThalassoChip, an array mutation and single nucleotide polymorphism detection tool for the diagnosis of beta-thalassaemia
Background: The detection and diagnosis of beta-thalassaemia for
populations with molecular heterogeneity, or diverse ethnic groups, has
increased the need for the development of an array high-throughput
diagnostic tool that can deliver large scale genetic detection. We
report on the update and validation of the ThalassoChip, a
beta-thalassaemia genetic diagnostic tool which is based on arrayed
primer extension (APEX) technology.
Methods: ThalassoChip slides with new and redesigned probes were
prepared for testing the microarray. Six hundred and sixty DNA samples
collected from eight Mediterranean countries were used for
standardisation, optimisation and validation of the ThalassoChip. The
beta-globin gene region was amplified by PCR, the products were
hybridised to the probes after fragmentation and the APEX reaction
followed.
Results: The ThalassoChip was updated with new probes and now has the
ability to detect 57 beta-globin gene mutations and three single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a single test. The ThalassoChip as
well as the PCR and APEX reactions were standardised and optimised using
500 DNA samples that were previously genotyped using conventional
diagnostic techniques. Some probes were redesigned in order to improve
the specificity and sensitivity of the test. Validation of the
ThalassoChip performed using 160 samples analysed in blinded fashion
showed no error.
Conclusions: The updated version of the ThalassoChip is versatile,
robust, cost-effective and easily adaptable, but most notably can
provide comprehensive genetic diagnosis for beta-thalassaemia and other
haemoglobinopathies. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010; 48:1713-8