Charmless Non-Leptonic B Decays and R-parity Violating Supersymmetry

We examine the charmless hadronic B decay modes in the context of R-parity violating (\rpv) supersymmetry. We try to explain the large branching ratio (compared to the Standard Model (SM) prediction) of the decay $B^{\pm}\to \eta' K^{\pm}$. There exist data for other observed $\eta^{(\prime)}$ modes and among these modes, the decay $B^{0}\to \eta K^{*0}$ is also found to be large compared to the SM prediction. We investigate all these modes and find that only two pairs of \rpv coupling can satisfy the requirements without affecting the other B\ra PP and B\ra VP decay modes barring the decay B\ra\phi K. From this analysis, we determine the preferred values of the \rpv couplings and the effective number of color $N_c$. We also calculate the CP asymmetry for the observed decay modes affected by these new couplings.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures; revtex; version published in Phys. Lett.

Empirical Tests Of Optimal Cognitive Distance

This article provides empirical tests of the hypothesis of ‘optimal cognitive distance’, proposed by Nooteboom (1999, 2000), in two distinct empirical settings. Variety of cognition, needed for learning, has two dimensions: the number of agents with different cognition, and differences in cognition between them (cognitive distance). The hypothesis is that in interfirm relationships optimal learning entails a trade-off between the advantage of increased cognitive distance for a higher novelty value of a partner’s knowledge, and the disadvantage of less mutual understanding. If the value of learning is the mathematical product of novelty value and understandability, it has an inverse-U shaped relation with cognitive distance, with an optimum level that yields maximal value of learning. With auxiliary hypotheses, the hypothesis is tested on interfirm agreements between pharmaceutical companies and biotech companies, as well as on interfirm agreements in ICT industries.innovation;organizational learning;ICT;biotechnology;alliances

Adiabatic multicritical quantum quenches: Continuously varying exponents depending on the direction of quenching

We study adiabatic quantum quenches across a quantum multicritical point (MCP) using a quenching scheme that enables the system to hit the MCP along different paths. We show that the power-law scaling of the defect density with the rate of driving depends non-trivially on the path, i.e., the exponent varies continuously with the parameter $\alpha$ that defines the path, up to a critical value $\alpha= \alpha_c$; on the other hand for $\alpha \geq \alpha_c$, the scaling exponent saturates to a constant value. We show that dynamically generated and {\it path($\alpha$)-dependent} effective critical exponents associated with the quasicritical points lying close to the MCP (on the ferromagnetic side), where the energy-gap is minimum, lead to this continuously varying exponent. The scaling relations are established using the integrable transverse XY spin chain and generalized to a MCP associated with a $d$-dimensional quantum many-body systems (not reducible to two-level systems) using adiabatic perturbation theory. We also calculate the effective {\it path-dependent} dimensional shift $d_0(\alpha)$ (or the shift in center of the impulse region) that appears in the scaling relation for special paths lying entirely in the paramagnetic phase. Numerically obtained results are in good agreement with analytical predictions.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

A new ansatz: Fritzsch Mass Matrices with least modification

We investigate how the Fritzsch ansatz for the quark mass matrices can be modified in the least possible way to accommodate the observed large top quark mass and the measured values of the CKM elements. As one of the solutions, we find that the \{23\} and the \{32\} elements of the up quark mass matrix are unequal. The rest of the assumptions are same as in Fritzsch ansatz. In this formalism we have an extra parameter i.e. the ratio of the \{{23\}} and the \{{32\}} element, which gets fixed by the large top quark mass. The predicted values for $\frac{V_{ub}}{V_{cb}}$ , $\frac{V_{td}}{V_{ts}}$ from this new ansatz are in the correct experimental range even for the smaller values of $\tan \beta$. In the end, we write down the $SO(10)$ motivated superpotential for these new mass matrices.Comment: 10 pages, Latex, Figure available on reques