Prescription des antipsychotiques chez les personnes âgées (étude des pratiques en EHPAD)

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Monitoring and thermal characterisation of cement matrix materials using non-destructive testing

International audienc

In situ thermal properties characterization using frequential methods

International audienc

Hallucinations and parkinson's disease in the elderly: pitfalls and medical care

International audienceHallucinations are common neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), with a significant prognosis impact. It is necessary to rule out other diagnoses that can be mentioned when hallucinations occur in old patients with PD. The various etiological factors must be systematically checked and can help for diagnosis. Medical care will be focused on treating the primary cause (medical or iatrogenic origin) and will privilege non-pharmacological strategies. Due to their frequent adverse effects, antipsychotic medication should be limited and started at low dose in old patients with multiple comorbidities. Clozapine and quetiapine have the highest level of recommendation in this indication. In the future, defining fMRI-based targets for noninvasive brain stimulation tools should pave the way for innovative non-pharmacological treatment of hallucinations

Effect of the planting system on the carbon balance components of a black locust-based agroforestry site under Mediterranean climate

International audienceAgroforestry systems (AFS) can provide many services, among which sequestering atmospheric carbon (C) dioxide (CO2) into both tree biomass and soil organic matter for mitigating climate warming. Such high performances were documented in several studies, but data are still scarse for covering the broad range of agrosystems – climate combinations. More particularly, data of the different C stocks and fluxes among the different components of the AFS needs to be documented for robust estimates of C sink strength. This study aims at providing values of C stocks and fluxes of a black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.)-based agroforestry site in Mauguio, Southern France. The different compartments of the AFS were investigated: the black locust rows, the herbaceous strip planted of various grassland species along the trees and the intercropping, constituted by a rotation cereals/legumes. The crop rotations comprised durum wheat, barley, chickpea and pea, but we presented the data for the barley planting year in 2021. A forest plantation and a pure crop planting systems were also studied as control modalities. The three planting systems were repeated in three independent blocks. Aboveground tree biomass growth was estimated for the agroforestry and the forestry plots from allometric models. Black locust litter fall was quantified also in the agroforestry and forestry plots. For each planting systems, root biomasses, root C contents and root growth were estimated . Aboveground herbaceous biomasses and C contents were also measured in 1m2 squared plots at different seasons. Soil microbial biomass and soil CO2 efflux were measured in all components and planting systems. All data currently under processing will be normalized per area unit. The effect of the planting system was assessed in order to determine the added value of the agroforestry system with respect to the pure planting systems

Effect of the planting system on the carbon balance components of a black locust-based agroforestry site under Mediterranean climate

International audienceAgroforestry systems (AFS) can provide many services, among which sequestering atmospheric carbon (C) dioxide (CO2) into both tree biomass and soil organic matter for mitigating climate warming. Such high performances were documented in several studies, but data are still scarse for covering the broad range of agrosystems – climate combinations. More particularly, data of the different C stocks and fluxes among the different components of the AFS needs to be documented for robust estimates of C sink strength. This study aims at providing values of C stocks and fluxes of a black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.)-based agroforestry site in Mauguio, Southern France. The different compartments of the AFS were investigated: the black locust rows, the herbaceous strip planted of various grassland species along the trees and the intercropping, constituted by a rotation cereals/legumes. The crop rotations comprised durum wheat, barley, chickpea and pea, but we presented the data for the barley planting year in 2021. A forest plantation and a pure crop planting systems were also studied as control modalities. The three planting systems were repeated in three independent blocks. Aboveground tree biomass growth was estimated for the agroforestry and the forestry plots from allometric models. Black locust litter fall was quantified also in the agroforestry and forestry plots. For each planting systems, root biomasses, root C contents and root growth were estimated . Aboveground herbaceous biomasses and C contents were also measured in 1m2 squared plots at different seasons. Soil microbial biomass and soil CO2 efflux were measured in all components and planting systems. All data currently under processing will be normalized per area unit. The effect of the planting system was assessed in order to determine the added value of the agroforestry system with respect to the pure planting systems

How to study crop and herbaceous vegetation phenology in an agroforestry system ?

International audienc

Do perennial alleys help to maintain arbuscular mycorrhizal communities in temperate agroforestry systems ?

National audienceArbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are crucial for plant nutrition and the sustainability of agroforestery systems. However, the contribution of each agroforestry component (i.e. trees, under-tree herbaceous vegetation -UtHV- and crops) in the establishment and maintenance of AM communities is poorly documented particularly in temperate areas. This study investigates the spatio-temporal dynamics of AM fungi colonizing roots of the three agroforestry components in southwest France. Standing fine root length density and production, AM activity (colonization and extraradical hyphal growth) and diversity of walnut trees, UtHV and soft wheat were assessed over one year in two agroforestry systems at different distances from the perennial tree-UtHV alley. Compared to UtHV, trees showed a higher ability to colonize superficial layers far into the cultivated alleys due to their wider root system in summer. However, due to higher root densities and well established AM fungi observed throughout all the year, UtHV appeared to be more ecologically relevant to maintain an active source of AM inoculum for newly developing crop roots in winter. High degree of root proximity and similarity of AM fungal communities among the three agroforestry components plant to plant interactions

How to study crop and herbaceous vegetation phenology in an agroforestry system ?

International audienc