Phân vùng khí hậu và đánh giá sự phù hợp của cây trồng trên địa bàn huyện Kỳ Anh, tỉnh Hà Tĩnh

Hầu hết các khuyến cáo nông nghiệp của các huyện thuộc tỉnh Hà Tĩnh đều dựa trên cơ sở về địa giới hành chính và các thông tin dự báo thời tiết, khí hậu ở cấp vùng hoặc cấp tỉnh. Tuy nhiên, trong thực tế, các yếu tố khí hậu biến động không đồng nhất giữa các vùng trong cùng một địa giới vì chúng phụ thuộc nhiều vào các điều kiện tự nhiên như độ cao, địa hình, thảm thực vật. Tương tự như vậy, huyện Kỳ Anh, một huyện ven biển của tỉnh Hà Tĩnh, miền Trung Việt Nam, từ trước tới nay chưa có bản đồ phân vùng khí hậu và đánh giá sự phù hợp của cây trồng dựa trên các cơ sở dữ liệu về đặc điểm tự nhiên như khí hậu, địa hình, độ cao. Mặt khác, người dân huyện Kỳ Anh lại luôn phải đối mặt với các sự kiện thời tiết cực đoan như lũ lụt trong mùa mưa, hạn hán kéo dài nhiều tháng trong mùa khô, rét đậm, rét hại trong mùa đông và gió Tây khô nóng trong mùa hè. Các sự kiện thời tiết cực đoan này đã gây ảnh hưởng rất lớn đến sản xuất nông lâm nghiệp hay sinh kế của người dân địa phương. Vì thế, việc phân vùng khí hậu cũng như đánh giá sự phù hợp của các lọai cây trồng với các tiểu vùng khí hậu trong huyện là rất cần thiết. Báo cáo này sẽ trình bày (1) phương pháp và (2) kết quả của việc nghiên cứu, lập bản đồ phân vùng khí hậu và (3) kết quả đánh giá sự phù hợp của một số loại cây với điều kiện tự nhiên của huyện Kỳ Anh để giúp các cán bộ địa phương chỉ đạo sản xuất nông nghiệp có hiệu quả, tránh được các rủi ro về khí hậu và phát huy tối đa lợi thế của địa phương

Grundaspekte der Bestandsergaenzung des Staatlichen Archivfonds Vergleich der DDR und der UdSSR und moegliche Anwendung fuer das Archivwesen der SR Vietnam

HUB(11) - 85 HB 0299 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Modeling ENSO impact on rice production in the Mekong River Delta

The Mekong River Delta is the rice production hub in South-east Asia and has a key role in determining rice prices in the world market. The increasing variability in the local climate due to global climate changes and the increasing severity of the ENSO phenomenon threatens rice production in the region, which has consequences for local and global food security. Though existing mapping efforts delineate the consequences of saline water intrusion during El Niño and flooding events during La Niña in the basin, research to predict future impacts in rice production is rather limited. The current work uses ORYZA, an ecophysiological model, combined with historical climate data, climate change scenarios RCP4.5 and 8.5 and climate-related risk maps to project the aggregate productivity and rice production impacts by the year 2050. Results show that in years of average salinity intrusion and flooding, the winter-spring rice crop in the MRD would experience an average annual decrease of 720,450 tons for 2020–2050 under the RCP4.5 scenario compared to the baseline of 2005–2016 average and another 1.17 million tons under the RCP8.5 scenario. The autumn-winter crop would decrease by 331,480 tons under RCP4.5 and 462,720 tons under RCP8.5. In years of severe salinity intrusion and flooding, the winter-spring rice crop would decrease by 2.13 million tons (10.29% lower than the projection for an average year) under RCP4.5 and 2.5 million tons (13.62%) under RCP8.5. Under severe conditions, the autumn-winter crop would have an average decrease of 1.3 million tons (7.36%) under RCP4.5 and 1.4 million tons (10.88%) for the RCP8.5 scenario. Given that most of the rice produced in this area is exported, a decline in rice supply at this scale would likely have implications on the global market price of rice affecting global food security. Such decline will also have implications for the rural economy and food security of Vietnam. Suggestions for corrective measures to reduce the impacts are briefly discussed

Scoping review on the use and effectiveness of digital health platforms in the primary healthcare system in Vietnam

This scoping review is conducted, aiming to 1/ identify what digital health platforms are available for use in primary healthcare in Vietnam, and 2/ examine what their effects are. Findings from this scoping review will provide a framework for health policy and decision makers in applying digital health platforms to strengthen primary healthcare in the country

Scoping review on the use of digital technologies toward patient-centred care model in LMICs in Asia-Pacific region (APR)

This scoping review is a part of the project "Toward patient-centred care: strengthening the primary healthcare system in Vietnam with digital health innovation" to examine the opportunities, challenges and facilitating conditions for the Vietnamese primary healthcare system to transform into a patient-centred care model underpinned by digital health solutions

Efficacy of compliance with ventilator-associated pneumonia care bundle: A 24-month longitudinal study at Bach Mai Hospital, Vietnam

Introduction: To decrease the risk of complications from ventilator-associated pneumonia, it is essential to implement preventative measures in all ICU patients. Since 2018, with the help of Japanese experts, we have applied a ventilator-associated pneumonia care bundle with 10 basic standards in patient care and monitoring. Therefore, we conducted a study to evaluate the results of applying 10 solutions to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia over 24 months. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with longitudinal follow-up for 24 months on 170 mechanically ventilated patients at the Center for Critical Care Medicine, Bach Mai Hospital. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC, 2021), the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia is when pneumonia appears 48 h after intubation by confirmation by at least two doctors. Evaluate compliance with each solution in the care bundle through camera monitoring, medical records, and directly on patients daily. Results: The rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia is 12.9%, the frequency of occurrence is 16.54 of 1000 days. The compliance rate for complete compliance with a 10-item ventilator-associated pneumonia was only 1.8%, while the average value was 84.1%. Average values of compliance with each solution for hand hygiene, head elevation 30–45 degrees, oral hygiene, stopping sedation, breathing circuit management, cuff pressure management, hypoplastic suction, Spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) daily and assessed extubation, mobilization and early leaving bed, ulcer and thrombosis prevention were 96.9%, 97.3%, 99.4%, 81.5%, 99.9%, 99.9%, 86.3%, 83.5%, 49.3%, and 46.4%, respectively. The time to appear ventilator-associated pneumonia in the high compliance group was 46.7 ± 5.0 days, higher than in the low compliance group, 10.3 ± 0.7 days, p  < 0.001. Conclusions: A 10-item ventilator-associated pneumonia care bundle has helped reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. To reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia and shorten ICU and hospital stays, it is essential to fully adhere to subglottic secretion suction, daily SBT, and early mobilization and leaving the bed

Towards an Operational SAR-Based Rice Monitoring System in Asia: Examples from 13 Demonstration Sites across Asia in the RIICE Project

Rice is the most important food security crop in Asia. Information on its seasonal extent forms part of the national accounting of many Asian countries. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery is highly suitable for detecting lowland rice, especially in tropical and subtropical regions, where pervasive cloud cover in the rainy seasons precludes the use of optical imagery. Here, we present a simple, robust, rule-based classification for mapping rice area with regularly acquired, multi-temporal, X-band, HH-polarized SAR imagery and site-specific parameters for classification. The rules for rice detection are based on the well-studied temporal signature of rice from SAR backscatter and its relationship with crop stages. We also present a procedure for estimating the parameters based on “temporal feature descriptors” that concisely characterize the key information in the rice signatures in monitored field locations within each site. We demonstrate the robustness of the approach on a very large dataset. A total of 127 images across 13 footprints in six countries in Asia were obtained between October 2012, and April 2014, covering 4.78 m ha. More than 1900 in-season site visits were conducted across 228 monitoring locations in the footprints for classification purposes, and more than 1300 field observations were made for accuracy assessment. Some 1.6 m ha of rice were mapped with classification accuracies from 85% to 95% based on the parameters that were closely related to the observed temporal feature descriptors derived for each site. The 13 sites capture much of the diversity in water management, crop establishment and maturity in South and Southeast Asia. The study demonstrates the feasibility of rice detection at the national scale using multi-temporal SAR imagery with robust classification methods and parameters that are based on the knowledge of the temporal dynamics of the rice crop. We highlight the need for the development of an open-access library of temporal signatures, further investigation into temporal feature descriptors and better ancillary data to reduce the risk of misclassification with surfaces that have temporal backscatter dynamics similar to those of rice. We conclude with observations on the need to define appropriate SAR acquisition plans to support policies and decisions related to food security