Ketidakoptimalan Penanganan Perkara Pidana Rehabilitasi Penyalahguna Narkotika di Wilayah Hukum Kejaksaan Negeri Mejayan Kabupaten Madiun

ABSTRAK Rahmat Hidayat S331302008, 2015, Ketidakoptimalan Penanganan Perkara Pidana Rehabilitasi Penyalahguna Narkotika di Wilayah Hukum Kejaksaan Negeri Mejayan Kabupaten Madiun. Tujuan dari penulisan tesis ini yaitu pelaksanaan rehabilitasi bagi penyalahguna narkotika yang belum dilaksanakan dan upaya yang dilakukan agar rehabilitasi secara optimal dilaksanakan di wilayah hukum Kejaksaan Negeri Mejayan Kabupaten Madiun. Adapun rumusan masalah yang diangkat dalam penulisan tesis ini adalah Mengapa rehabilitasi bagi penyalahguna narkotika di wilayah Hukum Kejaksaan Negeri Mejayan Kabupaten Madiun belum dilaksanakan secara optimal dan Upaya apa yang suharusnya dilakukan agar rehabilitasi penyalahguna narkotika di wilayah Hukum Kejaksaan Negeri Mejayan Kabupaten Madiun dilaksanakan secara optimal. Penelitian dalam tesis ini adalah penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dan yuridis empiris, jenis pendekatan yang dipergunakan dalam penulisan tesis ini adalah kualitatif adalah suatu cara analisis hasil penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriptif analitis, yaitu data yang dinyatakan oleh responden sacara tertulis atau lisan serta juga tingkah laku yang nyata, yang diteliti dan dipelajari sebagai sesuatu yang utuh. Pelaksanaan rehabilitasi belum dilaksanakan secara optimal oleh penegak hukum di wilayah hukum Kejaksaan Negeri Mejayan Kabupaten Madiun terhadap pelaku penyalahguna narkotika. Upaya-upaya terhadap pelaksanaan rehabilitasi penyalahguna narkotika, aparat penegak hukum di wilayah hukum Kejaksaan Negeri Mejayan Kabupaten Madiun dibantu oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Madiun dalam proses awal penegakan hukum terhadap penyalahguna narkotika sedini mungkin dilakukannya Assesmen Terpadu. Kata kunci : Rehabilitasi Narkotika, Penanganan Perkara Pidana

Stochastic models for mainland-island metapopulations in static and dynamic landscapes

This paper has three primary aims: to establish an effective means for modelling mainland-island metapopulations inhabiting a dynamic landscape; to investigate the effect of immigration and dynamic changes in habitat on metapopulation patch occupancy dynamics; and to illustrate the implications of our results for decision-making and population management. We first extend the mainland-island metapopulation model of Alonso and McKane [Bull. Math. Biol. 64:913-958, 2002] to incorporate a dynamic landscape. It is shown, for both the static and the dynamic landscape models, that a suitably scaled version of the process converges to a unique deterministic model as the size of the system becomes large. We also establish that, under quite general conditions, the density of occupied patches, and the densities of suitable and occupied patches, for the respective models, have approximate normal distributions. Our results not only provide us with estimates for the means and variances that are valid at all stages in the evolution of the population, but also provide a tool for fitting the models to real metapopulations. We discuss the effect of immigration and habitat dynamics on metapopulations, showing that mainland-like patches heavily influence metapopulation persistence, and we argue for adopting measures to increase connectivity between this large patch and the other island-like patches. We illustrate our results with specific reference to examples of populations of butterfly and the grasshopper Bryodema tuberculata.J. V. Ros

Is Fish Oil Good or Bad for Heart Disease? Two Trials with Apparently Conflicting Results

Two successive randomized trials examined the effect of an increased intake of fatty fish, or the use of fish oil supplements, in reducing mortality in men with heart disease. The Diet and Reinfarction Trial (DART) was conducted in 2033 men who were recovering from acute myocardial infarction (MI). Those who were advised to eat fatty fish (or who opted to take fish oil capsules instead) had a 29% reduction in all-cause mortality over the following two years compared with those not so advised. The effect appeared in the first few months of the trial. The Diet and Angina Randomized Trial (DART 2) involved 3114 men with stable angina. Advice to eat fatty fish did not reduce mortality, and taking fish oil capsules was associated with a higher risk of cardiac and sudden death. The adverse effects of fish or fish oil were restricted to men not taking β-blockers or dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers, and were greater in those taking digoxin. Evidence from other sources strongly suggests an anti-arrhythmic action of fish oil, particularly after MI or in the presence of acute ischemia. The apparently conflicting results of the two trials may reflect different actions of n-3 fatty acids in acute and chronic conditions, together with different effects of eating fish and taking fish oil capsules. A mechanism is proposed that could account for these findings