THE IMPACT OF HIGHER PRICES OF NONFARM-INPUTS TO FOOD PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION ON FOOD PRICES AND QUANTITIES

Demand and Price Analysis,

Best management practices for biosolids land application (1994)

"Revised 8/94/5M.""Water Quality.""Focus area : nutrients and bacterial wastes.""Published by University Extension, University of Missouri-System.

Metastatic Lip Cancer of Unknown Primary

Background As housestaff, we seldom have the chance to admit a patient with cancer of unknown primary. Even if a patient presents with metastatic cancer, it is frequently evident what the primary cancer is based on epidemiology and imaging. However, in this case we have the unique opportunity of describing a metastatic cancer that presented as a lip carcinoma with several possible primary sources. Our goal is to guide the reader through the thought process involved with determining the primary malignancy in patients presenting with metastatic disease. Case Presentation A 54-year-old female with a 30-pack-year smoking history presented to the emergency department with pain and swelling of the right lower lip. The symptoms started one month ago with mild to moderate pain, and progressed within one week to signif1cant swelling. She had developed a lip abscess two weeks prior that was incised and drained, but now presented with worsening drainage, swelling, and pain She also had fevers and a non-productive cough for one month

Best management practices for biosolids land application

Pdf created from MU Extension webpage, July 2022."Biosolids is domestic wastewater sludge that meets standards for use as a fertilizer or soil conditioner. These standards include monitoring requirements, metal limitations, pathogen reduction, vector requirements and best management practices. Applying biosolids to land uses the available nitrogen, phosphorus and potash as fertilizer for growing crops. It is an environmentally sound practice sanctioned by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)and the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Reusing biosolids on crops, pastures and timberland reduces water pollution. It eliminates the environmental risks and costs associated with sludge disposal options, benefiting all Missourians."--Page 1.Reviewed by David Brune (Department of Agricultural Engineering), Ken Arnold (Chief of Land Application, Missouri Department of Natural Resources), John Dunn (Environmental Engineer, Environmental Protection Agency Region VII), Jerry D. Carpenter (Department of Agricultural Engineering

Mental health pathways linking maltreatment to interpersonal revictimization during adolescence for girls in the child welfare system

This study compares the association of histories of childhood emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, and physical neglect with revictimization among adolescent girls, and investigates the role of posttraumatic stress and symptoms of depression as mediators. Participants were 234 girls aged 12 to 19 years, who have been involved with the child welfare system in a Midwestern urban area. Data were collected from baseline surveys of a trauma-focused group program to which the participants were referred. The majority of participants were youths of color (75%) who were primarily African American (70%), and the remaining participants were White, non-Hispanic (25%). Data were collected through surveys that assessed histories of child abuse and neglect, symptoms of posttraumatic stress and depression, and experiences of physical, verbal, and relational revictimization in the last 3 months. All types of abuse and neglect were significantly associated with higher frequencies of revictimization and higher levels of posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms. Parallel mediation analyses demonstrated that both posttraumatic stress and depression fully mediated the relationships between emotional abuse and revictimization, and sexual abuse and revictimization. Physical abuse was fully mediated by posttraumatic stress, but not by depression. Results also indicated that neither posttraumatic stress nor depression were mediators for the relationship between neglect and revictimization. There were similar pathways to revictimization in adolescents from emotional and sexual abuse through posttraumatic stress and depression. Evidence is mounting for the deleterious effects of emotional abuse. There is evidence that treatment of both posttraumatic stress and depression in emotionally and sexually abused adolescents involved in child welfare is warranted to prevent future revictimization

Reprocessing and recycling of thermoset polymers based on bond exchange reaction

Recently, it has been reported that by properly catalytic controlled bond exchange reactions, thermoset polymers could be welded by simple heating. During the operation, polymer topology could be rearranged in complying the external deformation and release the internal stress, but the network integrity is maintained and the average functionality of polymer chains is unchanged. This novel technology also enables us to reprocess and recycle the thermoset polymers. In this study, we experimentally demonstrated that after being milled into pulverous state in microsize, the thermoset epoxy polymer with exchangeable bond could be welded and assembled again into integrity with regained mechanical properties comparable to a fresh bulk polymer. The detailed operation procedure, as well as the influence of pressure and heating time on the stretch ability of the recycled polymer sample, is demonstrated. Such an in-depth reprocessing routine could be repeated for multiple times in manufacturing complex objects and welding separated bulk polymers. Considering the efficient and robust welding effect among polymer particles, as well as the maintained merits of thermoset polymer as stress-bearing materials during the operation, this new strategy is more suitable to repair polymer structures in service and recycle the thermoset waste in most engineering applications

Soil N2O and CH4 emissions from fodder maize production with and without riparian buffer strips of differing vegetation

Purpose Nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) are some of the most important greenhouse gases in the atmosphere of the 21st century. Vegetated riparian bufers are primarily implemented for their water quality functions in agroecosystems. Their location in agricultural landscapes allows them to intercept and process pollutants from adjacent agricultural land. They recycle organic matter, which increases soil carbon (C), intercept nitrogen (N)-rich runof from adjacent croplands, and are seasonally anoxic. Thus processes producing environmentally harmful gases including N2O and CH4 are promoted. Against this context, the study quantifed atmospheric losses between a cropland and vegetated riparian bufers that serve it. Methods Environmental variables and simultaneous N2O and CH4 emissions were measured for a 6-month period in a replicated plot-scale facility comprising maize (Zea mays L.). A static chamber was used to measure gas emissions. The cropping was served by three vegetated riparian bufers, namely: (i) grass riparian bufer; (ii) willow riparian bufer and; (iii) woodland riparian bufer, which were compared with a no-bufer control. Results The no-bufer control generated the largest cumulative N2O emissions of 18.9 kg ha−1 (95% confdence interval: 0.5–63.6) whilst the maize crop upslope generated the largest cumulative CH4 emissions (5.1±0.88 kg ha−1 ). Soil N2O and CH4-based global warming potential (GWP) were lower in the willow (1223.5±362.0 and 134.7±74.0 kg CO2-eq. ha−1 year−1 , respectively) and woodland (1771.3±800.5 and 3.4±35.9 kg CO2-eq. ha−1 year−1 , respectively) riparian bufers. Conclusions Our results suggest that in maize production and where no riparian bufer vegetation is introduced for water quality purposes (no bufer control), atmospheric CH4 and N2O concerns may result.The Department of Higher Education and Training (New Generation Gap of Academics Program) and National Research Foundation-Thuthuka.https://www.springer.com/journal/11104dm2022Plant Production and Soil Scienc

Humoral and cellular responses to repeated COVID-19 exposure in multiple sclerosis patients receiving B-cell depleting therapies: a single-center, one-year, prospective study

Multiple sclerosis patients treated with anti-CD20 therapy (aCD20-MS) are considered especially vulnerable to complications from SARS-CoV-2 infection due to severe B-cell depletion with limited viral antigen-specific immunoglobulin production. Therefore, multiple vaccine doses as part of the primary vaccination series and booster updates have been recommended for this group of immunocompromised individuals. Even though much less studied than antibody-mediated humoral responses, T-cell responses play an important role against CoV-2 infection and are induced efficiently in vaccinated aCD20-MS patients. For individuals with such decoupled adaptive immunity, an understanding of the contribution of T-cell mediated immunity is essential to better assess protection against CoV-2 infection. Here, we present results from a prospective, single-center study for the assessment of humoral and cellular immune responses induced in aCD20-MS patients (203 donors/350 samples) compared to a healthy control group (43/146) after initial exposure to CoV-2 spike antigen and subsequent re-challenges. Low rates of seroconversion and RBD-hACE2 blocking activity were observed in aCD20-MS patients, even after multiple exposures (responders after 1st exposure = 17.5%; 2nd exposure = 29.3%). Regarding cellular immunity, an increase in the number of spike-specific monofunctional IFNγ+-, IL-2+-, and polyfunctional IFNγ+/IL-2+-secreting T-cells after 2nd exposure was found most noticeably in healthy controls. Nevertheless, a persistently higher T-cell response was detected in aCD20-MS patients compared to control individuals before and after re-exposure (mean fold increase in spike-specific IFNγ+-, IL-2+-, and IFNγ+/IL-2+-T cells before re-exposure = 3.9X, 3.6X, 3.5X/P< 0.001; after = 3.2X, 1.4X, 2.2X/P = 0.002, P = 0.05, P = 0.004). Moreover, cellular responses against sublineage BA.2 of the currently circulating omicron variant were maintained, to a similar degree, in both groups (15-30% T-cell response drop compared to ancestral). Overall, these results highlight the potential for a severely impaired humoral response in aCD20-MS patients even after multiple exposures, while still generating a strong T-cell response. Evaluating both humoral and cellular responses in vaccinated or infected MS patients on B-cell depletion therapy is essential to better assess individual correlations of immune protection and has implications for the design of future vaccines and healthcare strategies

LDRD final report on quantum computing using interacting semiconductor quantum wires.

For several years now quantum computing has been viewed as a new paradigm for certain computing applications. Of particular importance to this burgeoning field is the development of an algorithm for factoring large numbers which obviously has deep implications for cryptography and national security. Implementation of these theoretical ideas faces extraordinary challenges in preparing and manipulating quantum states. The quantum transport group at Sandia has demonstrated world-leading, unique double quantum wires devices where we have unprecedented control over the coupling strength, number of 1 D channels, overlap and interaction strength in this nanoelectronic system. In this project, we study 1D-1D tunneling with the ultimate aim of preparing and detecting quantum states of the coupled wires. In a region of strong tunneling, electrons can coherently oscillate from one wire to the other. By controlling the velocity of the electrons, length of the coupling region and tunneling strength we will attempt to observe tunneling oscillations. This first step is critical for further development double quantum wires into the basic building block for a quantum computer, and indeed for other coupled nanoelectronic devices that will rely on coherent transport. If successful, this project will have important implications for nanoelectronics, quantum computing and information technology