An empirical model for velocity in rough turbulent oscillatory boundary layers

Acknowledgements This work was conducted as part of the first author’s PhD, funded by the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland, and is also included in Dunbar (2022). The authors are grateful to Dr. Jing Yuan (Tsinghua University) for providing the experimental data from Yuan and Madsen (2014).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

An experimental and numerical study of turbulent oscillatory flow over an irregular rough wall

Acknowledgements. This work was conducted as part of the first author’s PhD project and is also included in Dunbar (2022). The authors are grateful for the support of the technical staff at the University of Aberdeen, particularly Fluids Lab technicians Roy Gillanders and Jack Milne. Additionally, the authors are grateful to Dr. Stuart Cameron and Dr. Mark Stewart for assistance with the design and manufacture of the experimental and numerical roughness, and Prof. Vladimir Nikora for his suggestion to look for evidence of secondary flows. Funding. The PhD project from which this work is derived was funded by the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland (D.D., grant no. PHD00771). P.S. acknowledges the support received from the University of Catania by funding the research project ’Valutazione del rischio idraulico in sistemi complessi (VARIO)’.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Refocusing Choral Literature and Conducting to Benefit Future Educators

Color poster with text, photographs, and charts.In August 2020, our research team started to discuss the reconstruction of the curriculum for MUED 400: Choral Literature and Conducting. This course is typically taken by third-or fourth-year students majoring is choral music education. The goal was to create a curriculum that will better benefit pre-service educators before entering the field. This class covers various periods of choral music as well as conducting technique. A survey was sent out to currently practicing music educators; some were alumni of UWEC and some attended other institutions. This survey collected data on what they feel are the skills and knowledge needed regarding choral literature and conducting prior to entering the field of music education. Our research team then coded this data and used it to reconstruct the curriculum that maximizes preparedness for the field.University of Wisconsin--Eau Claire Office of Research and Sponsored Program

Effectiveness of general practice based, practice nurse led telephone coaching on glycaemic control of type 2 diabetes: the Patient Engagement And Coaching for Health (PEACH) pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of goal focused telephone coaching by practice nurses in improving glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes in Australia. Design Prospective, cluster randomised controlled trial, with general practices as the unit of randomisation. Setting General practices in Victoria, Australia. Participants 59 of 69 general practices that agreed to participate recruited sufficient patients and were randomised. Of 829 patients with type 2 diabetes (glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) >7.5% in the past 12 months) who were assessed for eligibility, 473 (236 from 30 intervention practices and 237 from 29 control practices) agreed to participate. Intervention Practice nurses from intervention practices received two days of training in a telephone coaching programme, which aimed to deliver eight telephone and one face to face coaching episodes per patient. Main outcome measures The primary end point was mean absolute change in HbA(1c) between baseline and 18 months in the intervention group compared with the control group. Results The intervention and control patients were similar at baseline. None of the practices dropped out over the study period; however, patient attrition rates were 5% in each group (11/236 and 11/237 in the intervention and control group, respectively). The median number of coaching sessions received by the 236 intervention patients was 3 (interquartile range 1-5), of which 25% (58/236) did not receive any coaching sessions. At 18 months’ follow-up the effect on glycaemic control did not differ significantly (mean difference 0.02, 95% confidence interval −0.20 to 0.24, P=0.84) between the intervention and control groups, adjusted for HbA(1c) measured at baseline and the clustering. Other biochemical and clinical outcomes were similar in both groups. Conclusions A practice nurse led telephone coaching intervention implemented in the real world primary care setting produced comparable outcomes to usual primary care in Australia. The addition of a goal focused coaching role onto the ongoing generalist role of a practice nurse without prescribing rights was found to be ineffective. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN50662837

Cytokine-independent growth and clonal expansion of a primary human CD8+ T-cell clone following retroviral transduction with the IL-15 gene

Malignancies arising from retrovirally transduced hematopoietic stem cells have been reported in animal models and human gene therapy trials. Whether mature lymphocytes are susceptible to insertional mutagenesis is unknown. We have characterized a primary human CD8+ T-cell clone, which exhibited logarithmic ex vivo growth in the absence of exogenous cytokine support for more than 1 year after transduction with a murine leukemia virus–based vector encoding the T-cell growth factor IL-15. Phenotypically, the clone was CD28−, CD45RA−, CD45RO+, and CD62L−, a profile consistent with effector memory T lymphocytes. After gene transfer with tumor-antigen–specific T-cell receptors, the clone secreted IFN-γ upon encountering tumor targets, providing further evidence that they derived from mature lymphocytes. Gene-expression analyses revealed no evidence of insertional activation of genes flanking the retroviral insertion sites. The clone exhibited constitutive telomerase activity, and the presence of autocrine loop was suggested by impaired cell proliferation following knockdown of IL-15Rα expression. The generation of this cell line suggests that nonphysiologic expression of IL-15 can result in the long-term in vitro growth of mature human T lymphocytes. The cytokine-independent growth of this line was a rare event that has not been observed in other IL-15 vector transduction experiments or with any other integrating vector system. It does not appear that the retroviral vector integration sites played a role in the continuous growth of this cell clone, but this remains under investigation