Clinicopathological features of extranodal lymphomas: Kuwait experience

A total of 935 patients with extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) diagnosed in the period between January 1985 and December 2000 in Kuwait Cancer Center, serving the whole population of Kuwait, were used to describe the clinicopathological and epidemiological features of extranodal lymphomas in Kuwait. Extranodal lymphomas accounted for 45% of all NHL observed during this time. All NHL cases from Kuwait Cancer registry were analyzed and pathologically reclassified using the latest WHO ( 2000) classification. The most common lymphoma observed was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (58.60%) followed by Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) (3.80%). In the pediatric group, BL comprises more than two thirds of all patients (77.20%). The most common extranodal sites were stomach (19.70%) and skin (17.80%) in the adult group, large intestine (29.80%) and small intestine (19.30%) in the pediatric age group. The majority (73.40%) of adult extranodal lymphomas was in stage IE - IIE and had a very good prognosis. On the contrary, the majority of pediatric extranodal lymphomas were found to be in stage III and IV. Variations in treatment policies ( single agent or combined chemotherapy, radiotherapy, combined modality treatment) adopted and changed during the time period of 16 years of this retrospective study were documented. Copyright (C) 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel

Sequential versus combination chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (FFCD 2000-05): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial

BACKGROUND: The optimum use of cytotoxic drugs for advanced colorectal cancer has not been defined. Our aim was to investigate whether combination treatment is better than the sequential administration of the same drugs in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. METHODS: In this open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients (1:1 ratio) with advanced, measurable, non-resectable colorectal cancer and WHO performance status 0-2 to receive either first-line treatment with bolus (400 mg/m(2)) and infusional (2400 mg/m(2)) fluorouracil plus leucovorin (400 mg/m(2)) (simplified LV5FU2 regimen), second-line LV5FU2 plus oxaliplatin (100 mg/m(2)) (FOLFOX6), and third-line LV5FU2 plus irinotecan (180 mg/m(2)) (FOLFIRI) or first-line FOLFOX6 and second-line FOLFIRI. Chemotherapy was administered every 2 weeks. Randomisation was done centrally using minimisation (minimisation factors were WHO performance status, previous adjuvant chemotherapy, number of disease sites, and centre). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival after two lines of treatment. Analyses were by intention-to-treat. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00126256. FINDINGS: 205 patients were randomly assigned to the sequential group and 205 to the combination group. 161 (79%) patients in the sequential group and 161 (79%) in the combination group died during the study. Median progression-free survival after two lines was 10·5 months (95% CI 9·6-11·5) in the sequential group and 10·3 months (9·0-11·9) in the combination group (hazard ratio 0·95, 95% CI 0·77-1·16; p=0·61). All six deaths caused by toxic effects of treatment occurred in the combination group. During first-line chemotherapy, significantly fewer severe (grade 3-4) haematological adverse events (12 events in 203 patients in sequential group vs 83 events in 203 patients in combination group; p<0·0001) and non-haematological adverse events (26 events vs 186 events; p<0·0001) occurred in the sequential group than in the combination group. INTERPRETATION: Upfront combination chemotherapy is more toxic and is not more effective than the sequential use of the same cytotoxic drugs in patients with advanced, non-resectable colorectal cancer. FUNDING: Sanofi-Aventis France

Individual participant data network meta-analysis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in esophageal or gastroesophageal junction carcinoma

PURPOSEThe optimal neoadjuvant treatment for resectable carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus (TE) or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) remains a matter of debate. We performed an individual participant data (IPD) network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to study the effect of chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, with a focus on tumor location and histology subgroups.PATIENTS AND METHODSAll, published or unpublished, RCTs closed to accrual before December 31, 2015 and having compared at least two of the following strategies were eligible: upfront surgery (S), chemotherapy followed by surgery (CS), and chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery (CRS). All analyses were conducted on IPD obtained from investigators. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). The IPD-NMA was analyzed by a one-step mixed-effect Cox model adjusted for age, sex, tumor location, and histology. The NMA was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018107158).RESULTSIPD were obtained for 26 of 35 RCTs (4,985 of 5,807 patients) corresponding to 12 comparisons for CS-S, 12 for CRS-S, and four for CRS-CS. CS and CRS led to increased OS when compared with S with hazard ratio (HR) = 0.86 (0.75 to 0.99), P = .03 and HR = 0.77 (0.68 to 0.87), P P = .27 (consistency P = .26, heterogeneity P = .0038). For CS versus S, a larger effect on OS was observed for GEJ versus TE tumors (P = .036). For the CRS versus S and CRS versus CS, a larger effect on OS was observed for women (P = .003, .012, respectively).CONCLUSIONNeoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy were consistently better than S alone across histology, but with some variation in the magnitude of treatment effect by sex for CRS and tumor location for CS. A strong OS difference between CS and CRS was not identified.Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog

Comparison of reduced basis construction methods for Model Order Reduction, with application to non-linear low frequency electromagnetics

Numerical simulation is more and more used during the design stage of a manufactured product in order to optimize its performances. However, it is often too time consuming, particularly when it’s used to solve optimization problems, preventing an intensive usage. A-posteriori Model Order Reduction methods can be very effective to shorten the computational time. An approximated solution is then sought in a space of small dimension defined by a reduced basis. The accuracy of such methods is highly dependent on the choice of the reduced basis, extracted from preliminary numerical simulation. The method usually applied to construct such reduced basis is based on the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), which can be time consuming, and is not adapted when a large collection of preliminary numerical simulations must be used to construct the basis. An alternative to this approach has been proposed recently with the Maximum Entropy Snapshot Sampling (MESS) method. In this paper, we propose to compare these methods with other approaches usually used for clustering or data classification based on vectors distance calculation, like the Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation (CVT), Density Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN), and Clustering Using Representatives (CURE). The methods are compared on a complex and realistic nonlinear problem in low frequency electromagnetics. The quality of the reduced bases obtained by the different methods are compared. Then, field distributions and global quantities, like eddy current losses and magnetic energy, are computed from the reconstructed results, to further analyze the quality of the reduced bases

Computation of asynchronous machine end winding leakage reactance with 3D field calculation around the end region

SIGLEAvailable at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : 26165 B, issue : a.1996 n.24 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Modelisation de materiaux magnetiques par une permeabilite complexe

SIGLEAvailable at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : 26165 B, issue : a.1997 n.18 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Etudes de conception d'un modele experimental pour valider le calcul electromagnetique des parties frontales d'alternateur

SIGLEAvailable at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : 26165 B, issue : a.1997 n.11 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Modelisation de materiaux magnetiques par une permeabilite complexe

SIGLEAvailable at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : 26165 B, issue : a.1997 n.18 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc