Aplicaciones metodológicas de la educación comparada en investigaciones institucionales

La presente comunicación, derivada de los avances de investigación de los proyectos institucionales PAPIIT IN-402712, IN-403813 e IN-401218, ofrece algunas consideraciones teórico-metodológicas sobre la Educación Comparada aplicables a dos objetos de estudio en particular: la educación secundaria y la incorporación de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en la educación superior. En primer lugar, argumentamos la importancia de utilizar la estrategia comparativa en la investigación educativa desde un encuadre que combine la perspectiva sociohistórica con precisiones de orden teórico y metodológico, tomando como guía las categorizaciones de Estado-nación, Sistema-mundo, gobernanza, política educativa, sistemas educativos, internacionalización y virtualización de la educación, en cuyo desarrollo incorporamos aportes de autores expertos en este campo de conocimiento, en el cual la aproximación comparativa define uno de los ejes de búsqueda y obtención sistemática de evidencias para la construcción de objetos de investigación. En segundo lugar y a manera de resaltar el potencial de los estudios comparativos, incluimos algunas consideraciones relevantes derivadas de las investigaciones de referencia, destacando señalamientos de orden metodológico y algunos avances obtenidos de dicha aplicación. En el caso de la educación secundaria y mediante la selección justificada de países de Europa y América Latina, observamos que este ciclo educativo se configura como un objeto único y singular en el panorama de la diversidad, y al mismo tiempo como un espacio formativo común, institucionalizado internacionalmente en tanto un nivel de estudios de la educación básica. En cuanto al caso de la incorporación de las TIC en la práctica educativa, utilizamos la categoría de educación superior en modalidades no presenciales y la metodología comparativa destacando la articulación entre el panorama internacional y la oferta educativa en el contexto mexicano, a fin de elaborar un diagnóstico que posibilite visualizar tendencias y desafíos en la composición de esta vertiente de atención educativa.The present communication, derived from the research advances of the institutional projects PAPIIT IN- 402712, IN-403813 and IN-401218, offers several theoretical-methodological considerations on Comparative Education applicable to two study objects in particular: secondary education and the incorporation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in higher education. Firstly, we argue the importance of using the comparative strategy in educational research from a framework that would combine the sociohistorical perspective with precisions of theoretical and methodological order, taking the categorizations of nation-state, public policies, educational systems, internationalization and virtualization of education, among others, as a guide. We also incorporate the contributions of expert authors in this field of knowledge, in which the comparative approach defines one of the axes of search and systematic collection of evidence for the construction of research objects. Secondly, and in order to highlight the potential of comparative studies, we include some of the advances obtained in the reference investigations, highlighting the most representative results of this application. In the case of secondary education and through the justified selection of some countries in Europe and Latin America, we observe that this educational cycle is configured as a unique and singular object in the panorama of diversity, and at the same time as a common formative space, institutionalized internationally as a level of studies of basic education. Regarding the incorporation of ICT in educational practice, we use the category of higher education in remote modalities and a comparative methodology, highlighting the articulation between the international panorama and the educational offer in the Mexican context, in order to elaborate a diagnosis that makes it possible to visualize trends and challenges in the composition of this aspect of educational service

Influence of curcumin (Curcuma longa) as a natural anticoccidial alternative in adult rabbits: first results

Coccidiosis is one of the most common ailments in rabbits farming and is usually treated with drugs that can produce resistance; therefore, a natural alternative was sought. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of the aqueous extract of curcumin (Curcuma longa) on the excretion of oocysts of Eimeria spp. in New Zealand white rabbits. Twenty-four eight-month-old rabbits were divided into four groups of six animals to be C. longa extract administered at 0 (Control), 10, 25 or 40 mg/kg body weight (BW). Rabbit weights were recorded and faeces samples were collected on d 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42. The McMaster technique was used for quantifying Eimeria spp. oocysts. Results were analysed using multivariate analysis of variance for repeated observations. Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) from d 28 were observed among the Control, the group of 25 mg/kg BW and that of 40 mg/kg BW. At d 42, statistically difference (P<0.05) among the Control group and the other three groups was observed. It could be concluded that C. longa decreased Eimeria spp. oocysts excretion efficiently at a dose of 40 mg/kg BW with 80.1, 63.7 and 64.9% for d 28, 35 and 42, respectively, with reducing concentration of eggs per gram of faeces with about 20.1, 15.6 and 17.8 for d 14, 21 and 35, respectively. However, further studies are needed to assess and confirm the antiparasitic activity of C. longa

El uso del muestreo probabilístico para la planeación del inventario de libros en la biblioteca del Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas de la UNAM

The document describes activities based on the probabilistic sampling method performed in order to planning the book inventory at the library of the Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas (iimas), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (unam). During the sampling process it was also possible to check and revise the method that will be used to perform the inventory. Results obtained during the analysis with regard to inventory times and percentages of books with a particular problem related to their control and document analysis are also described

Consumo voluntario de alimento fresco por parte de monos aulladores (Alouatta palliata y A. pigra) en cautiverio

Voluntary consumption of fresh food by captive howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata and A. pigra). Howler monkeys are a relatively large and widespread species of Neotropical monkeys. We studied fresh food acceptance in animals housed at the Chapultepec Zoo in Mexico City for seven consecutive days. The animals consume on average 844,06±35,90g of fresh food per animal per day, or 12,23±1,52% of their body weight (BW), lower than earlier reports of 15% of BW. The average of rejected fresh food was 551,04±34,94g per animal per day, or  39,49±2,38% of the offered fresh food. The high rejection rate may reflect the natural behavior of wild howler monkeys.KEY WORDSAlouatta, consume, food, zoo, howler monkeySe tomaron como sujetos de estudio a los monos saraguatos (Alouatta pigra y A. palliata) que se encuentran en el Zoológico de Chapultepec en la Ciudad de México. El muestreo se realizó durante siete días consecutivos. Se obtuvo diariamente el peso en gramos del alimento ofrecido y rechazado por jaula, con el objetivo de determinar la cantidad de alimento fresco (AF) consumido y rechazado en promedio por animal por día. Los resultados obtenidos se muestran en  promedio por día por animal por jaula debido a que no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el consumo promedio por ingrediente y total por animal por jaula (p&gt;0,05) en los días estudiados. Los resultados mostraron un consumo de alimento promedio por animal por día de 844,06±35,90g de AF, el cual corresponde al 12,23±1,52% respecto de su peso vivo (PV), lo que muestra un menor consumo de acuerdo a lo reportado por Milton en 1979 que es del 15% PV.  El desperdicio por animal por día fue de 551,04±35,94g de AF al día que corresponde a un 39,49±2,38% de AF. El alto porcentaje de rechazo del alimento puede deberse al comportamiento alimenticio propio de la especie. PALABRAS CLAVEAlouatta, volunteer consume, captive, howler monkey, fresh foo

Influence of curcumin (Curcuma longa) as a natural anticoccidial alternative in adult rabbits: first results

Coccidiosis is one of the most common ailments in rabbits farming and is usually treated with drugs that can produce resistance; therefore, a natural alternative was sought. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of the aqueous extract of curcumin (Curcuma longa) on the excretion of oocysts of Eimeria spp. in New Zealand white rabbits. Twenty-four eight-month-old rabbits were divided into four groups of six animals to be C. longa extract administered at 0 (Control), 10, 25 or 40 mg/kg body weight (BW). Rabbit weights were recorded and faeces samples were collected on d 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42. The McMaster technique was used for quantifying Eimeria spp. oocysts. Results were analysed using multivariate analysis of variance for repeated observations. Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) from d 28 were observed among the Control, the group of 25 mg/kg BW and that of 40 mg/kg BW. At d 42, statistically difference (P<0.05) among the Control group and the other three groups was observed. It could be concluded that C. longa decreased Eimeria spp. oocysts excretion efficiently at a dose of 40 mg/kg BW with 80.1, 63.7 and 64.9% for d 28, 35 and 42, respectively, with reducing concentration of eggs per gram of faeces with about 20.1, 15.6 and 17.8 for d 14, 21 and 35, respectively. However, further studies are needed to assess and confirm the antiparasitic activity of C. longa

Influence of curcumin (Curcuma longa) as a natural anticoccidial alternative in adult rabbits: first results

Coccidiosis is one of the most common ailments in rabbits farming and is usually treated with drugs that can produce resistance; therefore, a natural alternative was sought. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of the aqueous extract of curcumin (Curcuma longa) on the excretion of oocysts of Eimeria spp. in New Zealand white rabbits. Twenty-four eight-month-old rabbits were divided into four groups of six animals to be C. longa extract administered at 0 (Control), 10, 25 or 40 mg/kg body weight (BW). Rabbit weights were recorded and faeces samples were collected on d 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42. The McMaster technique was used for quantifying Eimeria spp. oocysts. Results were analysed using multivariate analysis of variance for repeated observations. Statistically significant differences (P&lt;0.05) from d 28 were observed among the Control, the group of 25 mg/kg BW and that of 40 mg/kg BW. At d 42, statistically difference (P&lt;0.05) among the Control group and the other three groups was observed. It could be concluded that C. longa decreased Eimeria spp. oocysts excretion efficiently at a dose of 40 mg/kg BW with 80.1, 63.7 and 64.9% for d 28, 35 and 42, respectively, with reducing concentration of eggs per gram of faeces with about 20.1, 15.6 and 17.8 for d 14, 21 and 35, respectively. However, further studies are needed to assess and confirm the antiparasitic activity of C. longa