The onset and duration of mobilization affect the regeneration in the rat muscle

The effects of different mobilization protocols for muscle regeneration after myotoxin injury was compared in the rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. Adult Wistar rats were divided into control (C); mobilized (M); injury (I); injury + late mobilization (LM) and injury + early mobilization (EM) groups. Muscle injury was induced by intramuscular lidocaine injection. The exercised animals were mobilized for 5 and 8 days during 15 and 45 minutes/session. The swimming started 1 hour or 3 days after injury. All animals were killed 8 days after the injury, together with the control group, when the TA muscles were weighted and excised. Cross sections were obtained by cryostat and submitted to Toluidine Blue stain. Qualitative morphological characterization of muscle regeneration and quantitative analysis of muscle fiber and non-muscle fiber area density were performed. The I and late mobilization groups showed decreased muscle mass when compared to all other groups. All injured animals showed signs of muscle fiber damage, although signs of early regenerated muscle fibers were more evident in injury + mobilization groups. Only the EM groups submitted to 45 minutes of exercise had increased muscle fiber and decreased non-muscle fiber area density values when compared to I group (p<0.05). Conclusion: the regeneration process is related to the onset of exercise, since animals submitted to early mobilization showed improved regeneration when comparted to LM groups. Besides, the length of session is also important for accelerating the regeneration process, as it was observed that 45 minutes was better than 15 minutes duration

Isotopic traceability in body tissues and in different breeding periods of broilers

The inclusion of poultry viscera meal (VM) in broiler diets to possibly replace it with strictly vegetable diet (VE) and vice-versa, using the technique of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in different tissues was traced. One hundred ninety-two one-day-old chicks that had been distributed randomly were used in twelve experimental treatments with four replications of four chicks each. The treatments consisted of vegetable diet (VG) for diets containing FV going after a certain age or the reverse, in which the birds began feeding VM on diet and then switched to VE diet. At 42 days of age, samples of pectoral muscle (Pectoralis major), keel and tibia were collected, with later determination of isotopic ratios (13C/12C and 15N/14N). The stable isotopes technique couldn't trace the use of VM in feeding broilers when this ingredient was part of broiler diets only in the first seven, 14 or 21 days of age. However, this technique can be applied to younger poultry that have been sampled before a possible change in diet, since they can have the isotopic signature of feeding stabilized around two weeks of age

Epidemiological Analysis On Acetabular Fractures [análise Epidemiológica Das Fraturas Acetabulares]

This aim of this work was to carry out an epidemiological study on acetabular fractures in the city of Campinas and surrounds, in view of the few published papers on this subject. Medical files with a diagnosis of acetabular fracture between the years 2004 and 2008 that were made available by the Medical Archiving Service of Hospital das Clínicas, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) were analyzed by six observers. Data on patients' ages, sex, side affected by the fracture, mechanism of injury, material used for synthesis, complications of the operation, associated fractures, length of hospitalization before and after the surgery, time of total internment and number of physiotherapy sessions before and after the surgery were gathered. It was observed in this population that the left side was more affected; the mechanism of injury that most often caused this type of fracture was automobile accidents; injuries to the sciatic nerve were the commonest surgical complications; and the synthesis material most used was reconstruction plates.4612326Beaule, P.E., Dorey, F.J., Matta, J.M., Letournel classification for acetabular fractures: Assessment of interobserver and intraobserver reliability (2003) Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - Series A, 85 (9), pp. 1704-1709Barbosa, A.L.H., Schutz, P.C., Pavan, L., Tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas de acetábulo: Estudo retrospectivo de 48 casos (2000) Acta Ortop Bras, 8 (3), pp. 140-143Kumar, A., Shah, N.A., Kershaw, S.A., Clayson, A.D., Operative management of acetabular fractures: A review of 73 fractures (2005) Injury, 36 (5), pp. 605-612VanOpdorp, H., Van Lunen, B., Swanson, J., Fracture of the superomedial weight-bearing surface of the acetabulum in a Division I field-hockey player: A case study (2004) Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 13 (4), pp. 343-352Lin, Y.C., Chen, C.H., Huang, H.T., Chen, J.C., Huang, P.J., Hung, S.H., Percutaneous antegrade screwing for anterior column fracture of acetabulum with fluoroscopicbased computerized navigation (2008) Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 128 (2), pp. 223-226Standard, J.P., Riley, R.S., McClenney, M.D., Lopez-Ben, R.R., Volgas, D.A., Alonso, J.E., Mechanical prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis after pelvic and acetabular fractures (2001) Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - Series A, 83 (7), pp. 1047-105

Turnover of carbon in blood and plasma, growth stages and posture, japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

The study aimed to evaluate the turnover of 13C in the blood and plasma of Japanese quail using the technique of stable isotopes to obtain the level of isotopic equilibrium that will be the foundation for studies of traceability. A total of 300 birds during the experimental period of 1-42 and 49-97 days of age. The first phase of the treatments consisted of diets based on rice (C3), with or without meat and beef bones and a diet based on corn (C4). This was first examined the turnover signal farm matrix isotope-based diets based diets C4 to C3, as well as isotopic differences of diets with or without animal meal In the second stage there was a substitution of diets, or C4 treatment of the first stage passes to consume C3-based diet than before treatment and diet consumed C3 to C4 diet. To determine the turnover rate and the estimated percentage of participation of flour in the composition of the collected material was used isotope dilution model using δ13C values. A comparison of the half-lives of blood and plasma from the first phase discloses the enrichment of dietary δ 13C, in the second phase was observed after incorporation speeds exchange diets.O estudo objetivou avaliar o turnover do 13C no sangue e plasma de codornas japonesas utilizando a técnica de isótopos estáveis, para a obtenção do patamar de equilíbrio isotópico que servirá de fundamento para estudos de rastreabilidade. Foram utilizadas 300 aves durante o período experimental de 1-42 e 49-97 dias de idade. Os tratamentos da primeira fase foram constituídos de dietas à base de arroz (C3), contendo ou não farinha de carne e ossos bovinos e um com dieta à base de milho (C4). Nessa primeira fase foi analisado o turnover do sinal isotópico do matrizeiro à base de dietas C4 para dietas à base de C3, como também as diferenças isotópicas das dietas contendo ou não farinha de origem animal. Na segunda fase houve uma substituição de dietas, ou seja, as aves no tratamento C4 da primeira fase passaram a consumir dieta C3, e o tratamento que antes consumia dieta C3 passou para dieta C4. Para determinar a taxa de turnover e o percentual estimado de participação da farinha na composição do material coletado, foi empregado o modelo de diluição isotópica utilizando valores do δ13C. A comparação entre as meias-vidas do sangue e plasma da primeira fase revelou o enriquecimento do δ13C na dieta; já na segunda fase foi possível observar as velocidades de incorporação após a troca das dietas