Regulation of hippocampal postnatal and adult neurogenesis by adenosine A 2A receptor: Interaction with brain-derived neurotrophic factor

21 páginas, 7 figuras.Adenosine A2A receptor (A2A R) activation modulates several brain processes, ranging from neuronal maturation to synaptic plasticity. Most of these actions occur through the modulation of the actions of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). In this work, we studied the role of A2A Rs in regulating postnatal and adult neurogenesis in the rat hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Here, we show that A2A R activation with CGS 21680 promoted neural stem cell self-renewal, protected committed neuronal cells from cell death and contributed to a higher density of immature and mature neuronal cells, particularly glutamatergic neurons. Moreover, A2A R endogenous activation was found to be essential for BDNF-mediated increase in cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Our findings contribute to further understand the role of adenosinergic signaling in the brain and may have an impact in the development of strategies for brain repair under pathological conditions.Fundaç~ao para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Grant/Award Numbers: IF/01227/2015, SFRH/BD/74662/2010, IMM/CT/35-2018, SFRH/BD/128280/2017, SFRH/BD/129710/2017; H2020-WIDESPREAD-05-2020-Twinning (EpiEpinet) under grant agreement No, Grant/Award Number: 9524; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci on, Grant/Award Number: PID2019-111225RB-I00; Spanish MICIU, Grant/Award Number: SAF2015-70433-R; Generalitat Valenciana, Grant/Award Number: PROMETEO/2018/055; COST Action, Grant/Award Number: BM1402Peer reviewe

Prevalence of stroke and transient ischemic attack in Takayasu’s arteritis : a systematic review

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2015Background: Takayasu's Arteritis (TA) is a systemic panarteritis affecting primarily large arteries. Cerebrovascular disease is one of the possible manifestations of TA, adding to disease burden. Objectives: To systematically review the prevalence of stroke/TIA in TA patients, as well as its epidemiological and clinical features. Methods: References were researched in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and from searching the references of original articles and reviews. Abstracts and titles were screened and potentially of interest full-texts were obtained. Studies’ results were pooled through random-effect meta-analysis. Results: The estimated prevalence of stroke/TIA among TA patients was 15,8% (CI 95%: 10,7% – 22,6%; I2=94%), but with low heterogeneity between studies that fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology’s criteria for TA diagnosis (15,7%; CI 95%: 13,6% - 18,1%; I2=5,5%). Conclusion: These results document the high prevalence of stroke/TIA among TA patients, who are typically young females, and should be taken into account by clinicians in order to diagnose and treat TA and its complications in the best available way.Introdução: A Arterite de Takayasu (TA) é uma panarterite que afecta primariamente grandes vasos. Uma das possíveis manifestações da TA, com aumento do burden of disease, são as doenças cerebrovasculares. Objectivos: Rever sistematicamente a prevalência de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC)/acidente isquémico transitório (TIA) na TA, assim como as suas características clínicas e epidemiológicas. Métodos: Foram pesquisados estudos nas bases de dados MEDLINE e DATABASE, assim como a lista de referências dos artigos originais e revisões. Os resumos e títulos foram lidos e os artigos de potencial interesse seleccionados. Foi realizada uma meta-análise de efeitos aleatórios com os resultados dos estudos seleccionados. Resultados: A prevalência estimada de AVC/TIA nos doentes com TA foi de 15,8% (IC 95%: 10,7% – 22,6%; I2=94%), mas com baixa heterogeneidade entre os estudos que cumpriam os critérios de diagmóstico de TA estabelecidos pela American College of Rheumatology (15,7%; CI 95%: 13,6% - 18,1%; I2=5,5%). Conclusão: Estes resultados documentam a alta prevalência de AVC/TIA nos doentes com TA, que são típicamente mulheres jovens, e devem ser tidos em conta pelos clínicos de forma a diagnosticar e tratar a TA e suas complicações da melhor forma possível