Katalog metapodataka u prostornim informacijskim sustavima

This paper gives the short review of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) metadata catalogue services that have the key role in geospatial resource discovery in Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI). The notion of Spatial Data Infrastructure comprises a collection of technologies, policies and institutional agreements that provide an easier access to geospatial data. The SDI is suitable for usage in geospatial data discovery, evaluation, and also various applications within government, commercial and non-profit sectors, academic institutions, etc. Metadata catalogue services have been specified in OGC Catalogue Service Implementation Specification. The part of the specification that specifies a web interface that supports the storage, retrieval, and management of data related to web services, is called Catalogue Service for the Web (CSW). Metadata catalogues are service brokers that represent a key component in a service-oriented architecture that manages shared resources and facilitates the discovery of resources within an open, distributed system. OGC services have gained significant popularity in recent years and the number of organizations using them has increased. However, the full potential of metadata catalogues has not yet been reached, not only because of the lack of appropriate documentation of data in the form of standardized metadata, but because the lack of semantics of the data. The analysis of the usage of metadata catalogue services in geodetic information systems has been given and the proposal for a possible solution for improvement has been made.U radu je prikazan kratki pregled usluga kataloga metapodataka Otvorenoga geoprostornog konzorcija (OGC) koji ima ključnu ulogu u otkrivanju geoprostornih izvora informacija u Prostornoj infrastrukturi podataka (SDI). Pojam Prostorne infrastrukture podataka obuhvaća skup tehnologija, strategija i institucionalnih sporazuma koji osiguravaju lakši pristup geoprostornim podacima. SDI je pogodan za upotrebu pri otkrivanju geoprostornih podataka, evaluaciji, kao i različitim primjenama unutar vladinog, komercijalnog i neprofitabilnog sektora, akademskih institucija, itd. Usluge kataloga metapodataka specificirane su u OGC Specifikaciji ostvarivanja usluga kataloga. Dio specifikacije koji se odnosi na web-sučelje koje podržava pohranu, učitavanje i upravljanje podacima koji se odnose na web-servise naziva se Kataloški servis za web (CSW). Katalozi metapodataka su agenti za usluge koji predstavljaju ključnu komponentu u arhitekturi namijenjenoj uslugama, a koja upravlja zajedničkim izvorima i olakšava otkrivanje izvora unutar otvorenoga distribuiranog sustava. OGC usluge stekle su značajnu popularnost u proteklim godinama, a broj organizacija koje ih koriste se povećao. Međutim, puni potencijal kataloga metapodataka još nije dostignut, ne samo zbog nedostatka odgovarajuće dokumentacije podataka u obliku standardiziranih metapodataka, već i zbog nedostatka semantike podataka. Napravljena je analiza korištenja usluga kataloga metapodataka u geodetskim informacijskim sustavima te je dan prijedlog za moguća rješenja u svrhu poboljšanja

Katalog metapodataka u prostornim informacijskim sustavima

This paper gives the short review of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) metadata catalogue services that have the key role in geospatial resource discovery in Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI). The notion of Spatial Data Infrastructure comprises a collection of technologies, policies and institutional agreements that provide an easier access to geospatial data. The SDI is suitable for usage in geospatial data discovery, evaluation, and also various applications within government, commercial and non-profit sectors, academic institutions, etc. Metadata catalogue services have been specified in OGC Catalogue Service Implementation Specification. The part of the specification that specifies a web interface that supports the storage, retrieval, and management of data related to web services, is called Catalogue Service for the Web (CSW). Metadata catalogues are service brokers that represent a key component in a service-oriented architecture that manages shared resources and facilitates the discovery of resources within an open, distributed system. OGC services have gained significant popularity in recent years and the number of organizations using them has increased. However, the full potential of metadata catalogues has not yet been reached, not only because of the lack of appropriate documentation of data in the form of standardized metadata, but because the lack of semantics of the data. The analysis of the usage of metadata catalogue services in geodetic information systems has been given and the proposal for a possible solution for improvement has been made.U radu je prikazan kratki pregled usluga kataloga metapodataka Otvorenoga geoprostornog konzorcija (OGC) koji ima ključnu ulogu u otkrivanju geoprostornih izvora informacija u Prostornoj infrastrukturi podataka (SDI). Pojam Prostorne infrastrukture podataka obuhvaća skup tehnologija, strategija i institucionalnih sporazuma koji osiguravaju lakši pristup geoprostornim podacima. SDI je pogodan za upotrebu pri otkrivanju geoprostornih podataka, evaluaciji, kao i različitim primjenama unutar vladinog, komercijalnog i neprofitabilnog sektora, akademskih institucija, itd. Usluge kataloga metapodataka specificirane su u OGC Specifikaciji ostvarivanja usluga kataloga. Dio specifikacije koji se odnosi na web-sučelje koje podržava pohranu, učitavanje i upravljanje podacima koji se odnose na web-servise naziva se Kataloški servis za web (CSW). Katalozi metapodataka su agenti za usluge koji predstavljaju ključnu komponentu u arhitekturi namijenjenoj uslugama, a koja upravlja zajedničkim izvorima i olakšava otkrivanje izvora unutar otvorenoga distribuiranog sustava. OGC usluge stekle su značajnu popularnost u proteklim godinama, a broj organizacija koje ih koriste se povećao. Međutim, puni potencijal kataloga metapodataka još nije dostignut, ne samo zbog nedostatka odgovarajuće dokumentacije podataka u obliku standardiziranih metapodataka, već i zbog nedostatka semantike podataka. Napravljena je analiza korištenja usluga kataloga metapodataka u geodetskim informacijskim sustavima te je dan prijedlog za moguća rješenja u svrhu poboljšanja

Katalog metapodataka u prostornim informacijskim sustavima

This paper gives the short review of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) metadata catalogue services that have the key role in geospatial resource discovery in Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI). The notion of Spatial Data Infrastructure comprises a collection of technologies, policies and institutional agreements that provide an easier access to geospatial data. The SDI is suitable for usage in geospatial data discovery, evaluation, and also various applications within government, commercial and non-profit sectors, academic institutions, etc. Metadata catalogue services have been specified in OGC Catalogue Service Implementation Specification. The part of the specification that specifies a web interface that supports the storage, retrieval, and management of data related to web services, is called Catalogue Service for the Web (CSW). Metadata catalogues are service brokers that represent a key component in a service-oriented architecture that manages shared resources and facilitates the discovery of resources within an open, distributed system. OGC services have gained significant popularity in recent years and the number of organizations using them has increased. However, the full potential of metadata catalogues has not yet been reached, not only because of the lack of appropriate documentation of data in the form of standardized metadata, but because the lack of semantics of the data. The analysis of the usage of metadata catalogue services in geodetic information systems has been given and the proposal for a possible solution for improvement has been made.U radu je prikazan kratki pregled usluga kataloga metapodataka Otvorenoga geoprostornog konzorcija (OGC) koji ima ključnu ulogu u otkrivanju geoprostornih izvora informacija u Prostornoj infrastrukturi podataka (SDI). Pojam Prostorne infrastrukture podataka obuhvaća skup tehnologija, strategija i institucionalnih sporazuma koji osiguravaju lakši pristup geoprostornim podacima. SDI je pogodan za upotrebu pri otkrivanju geoprostornih podataka, evaluaciji, kao i različitim primjenama unutar vladinog, komercijalnog i neprofitabilnog sektora, akademskih institucija, itd. Usluge kataloga metapodataka specificirane su u OGC Specifikaciji ostvarivanja usluga kataloga. Dio specifikacije koji se odnosi na web-sučelje koje podržava pohranu, učitavanje i upravljanje podacima koji se odnose na web-servise naziva se Kataloški servis za web (CSW). Katalozi metapodataka su agenti za usluge koji predstavljaju ključnu komponentu u arhitekturi namijenjenoj uslugama, a koja upravlja zajedničkim izvorima i olakšava otkrivanje izvora unutar otvorenoga distribuiranog sustava. OGC usluge stekle su značajnu popularnost u proteklim godinama, a broj organizacija koje ih koriste se povećao. Međutim, puni potencijal kataloga metapodataka još nije dostignut, ne samo zbog nedostatka odgovarajuće dokumentacije podataka u obliku standardiziranih metapodataka, već i zbog nedostatka semantike podataka. Napravljena je analiza korištenja usluga kataloga metapodataka u geodetskim informacijskim sustavima te je dan prijedlog za moguća rješenja u svrhu poboljšanja

Razlaga prostorske strukture plitvega plazišča z uporabo različnih geofizikalnih metod

We present an methodology for a more detailed and less ambiguous spatial structure interpretation of small, shallow landslides. The spatial structure interpretation of this type of landslides bases on both underground and surface models and requires high-density data. This methodology involves the use of ground-penetrating radar (GPR), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) techniques. GPR technique, used for the definition of the underground structure model, provides a time-efficient survey that yields high-resolution data, making it suitable for a shallow subsurface analysis. ERT technique was used only to confirm the results obtained by the GPR survey, since it is more time consuming and more convenient for larger and deeper landslides investigations. The surface model is created using TLS technique, which is time- and cost-effective, produces a large amount of data and is favourable for smaller areas, such as the analysed type of landslides. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, existing procedures based on either conventional or non-invasive geophysical methods, observe, almost exclusively, larger and deeper landslides. Their real-time monitoring involves a number of sensors and is hardly applicable to small landslides because of their number, location and dimensions. Considering the benefits of each applied technique and the interpretation of the results obtained from field data, it is clear that the main advantages of the realized application are the efficiency and applicability for small shallow landslides whose number and impact on the environment are dominant. Therefore, it represents a solid basis for landslide mitigation. The verification of the methodology was made on a small, shallow landslide in the village of Vinča, near Belgrade, Serbia.Predstavljamo metodologijo za natančnejšo in manj negotovo prostorsko strukturno razlago majhnih, plitkih plazišč. Razlaga prostorske strukture to vrstnih plazov temelji na podzemnem in površinskem modelu in zahteva veliko gostoto podatkov. Ta metodologija vključuje uporabo metod georadarja (GPR), električne upornostne tomografije (ERT) in lasersko skeniranje površja (TLS). GPR metoda, s katero določamo podzemeljski strukturni model, je časovno učinkovita in daje podatke visoke resolucije, zato je primerna za analize plitvega podpovršja. ERT metodo uporabimo samo za potrditev dobljenih rezultatov z GPR preiskavami, ker je dolgotrajna in primernejša preiskava za večja in globlja plazišča. Površinski model je ustvarjen z uporabo TLS metodo, ki je časovno in stroškovno učinkovita, z njo dobimo veliko podatkov in je primernejša za manjše površine, kot so analizirani tipi plazišč. Kakor nam je znano, se obstoječi postopki, ki temeljijo na običajnih ali neudarnih geofizikalnih metodah, uporabljajo izključno za opazovanje večjih in globljih plazišč. Njihovo sprotno opazovanje vključuje številne senzorje zato se težko uporablja na majhnih plaziščih zaradi njihovega števila, mesta in obsega. Ob upoštevanju prednosti vsake uporabljene metode in razlage rezultatov s terena, je jasno, da je največja prednost opravljene študije njena učinkovitost in uporabnost za majhna plitva plazišča, čigar število je veliko in vpliv na okolje prevladajoč. Zato je lahko dobra osnova za olajšano obdelavo plazišč. Metodologijo smo preverili na majhnem, plitvem plazišču v vasi Vinča, blizu Beograda v Srbiji

Development of geoportal for landslide monitoring

The paper presents the implementation of geoportal for landslide monitoring which which includes two subsystems: a system for acquisition, storage and distribution of data on landslides and real time alert system. System for acquisition, storage and distribution of data on landslides include raster and vector spatial data on landslides affected areas, as well as metadata. Alert system in real time is associated with a sensor for detecting displacement, which performs constant measurements and signals in case of exceeding the reference value. The system was developed in accordance with the standards in the field of GIS: ISO 19100 series of standards and OpenGIS Consortium and is based on service-oriented architecture and principles of spatial data infrastructures. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR37017: Modeliranje stanja i strukture padinskih procesa primenom GNSS i tehnologija skeniranja laserom i georadarom