13 research outputs found
Idiopatski i sekundarni steÄeni megakolon kod pasa udruženi su sa smanjenom vip-inervacijom u oÅ”teÄenom kolonu
It is well established that megacolon in carnivores, including both cats and dogs, is a common finding. Megacolon occurs more often in the cat that the dog. Based on current data idiopathic megacolon is a common cause of constipation in cats (62% of constipated cats are affected by diopathic megacolon). There is no evidence of idiopathic megacolon in dogs and publications about this disease in this species is very scarce. We investigated the enteric nervous system in the dilated portion (DP) of the colon in dogs with idiopathic aquired (n=7) or secondary aquired megacolon (n=21) and compared the results with a normal colon in control dogs (n=3). Colonic sections of surgical specimens were investigated by conventional and immunohistochemical methods, including pan-neuronal markers (NSE, synaptophisin, and neurofilament) and VIP, as well as S-100 protein for detection of ganglionic glial cells. Compared to controls, the two megacolon groups showed no changes of density of enteric neurons in both submucosal and myenteric nervous plexuses in DP of the colon and of enteric glial cells. However, compared to controls and dogs with secondary megacolon, there was a significant decrease in the density of NFP-ir nerve fibers in the longitudinal muscle layer in dogs with idiopathic acquired megacolon. In addition, dogs with idiopathic megacolon display decreased VIP-ir in the myenteric plexus and lamina propria mucosae, and absence of VIP-ir neurons in the submucosal plexus of DP of the colon. Similar alterations, although of lesser severity, may be found in dogs with secondary aquired megacolon. We consider that both idiopathic and secondary aquired megacolon might occur on the basis of a dysplastic changes of VIP-ir enteric neurons.Poznato je da se magakolon javlja kod mesojeda, ukljuÄujuÄi maÄke i pse, pri Äemu je ovo oboljenje daleko uÄestalije kod maÄaka. Na osnovu dosadaÅ”njih saznanja, idiopatski megakolon je Äest uzroÄnik konstipacije kod maÄaka i 62% maÄaka sa konstipacijom ima idiopatski megakolon. Istovremeno, podaci o psima sa idiopatskim megakolonom veoma su oskudni. U ovom radu je prouÄavan enteriÄni nervni sistem u dilatiranom delu kolona kod 7 pasa sa idiopatskim megakolonom i 21 psa sa sekundarnim steÄenim megakolonom, a rezultati su uporeÄeni sa normalnim kolonom kod 3 kontrolne zdrave životinje. Tkivni preseci kolona bojeni su klasiÄnim histoloÅ”kim i imunohistohemijskim metodama, pri Äemu su primenjeni pan-neuronski markeri (NSE, sinaptofizin i neurofilament) i VIP, kao i S-100 protein za detekciju glijalnih Äelija u enteriÄnim ganglijama. Nisu otkrivene razlike u gustini enteriÄnih neurona u submukoznom i mijenteriÄnom pleksusu kod životinja sa megakolonom, kao ni razlike u gustini glijalnih Äelija enteriÄnih ganglija, u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu životinja. MeÄutim, u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu, kod životinja sa idiopatskim megakolonom dokazana je smanjena VIP-imunoreaktivnost (ir) u mienteriÄnom pleksusu i krznu mukoze, kao i kompletno odsustvo VIP-ir neurona u submukoznom pleksusu dilatiranog dela kolona. SliÄne promene, ali u manjem stepenu, postojale su kod pasa sa sekundarnim steÄenim megakolonom. Može da se zakljuÄi da u patogenezi idiopatskog i sekundarnog steÄenog megakolona znaÄajnu ulogu imaju displastiÄne promene u VIP-ergiÄkim neuronima enteriÄkog nervnog sistema
Karakterizacija matiÄnih Äelija izolovanih iz zubne pulpe mleÄnih zuba dece
Background/Aim. The last decade has been profoundly marked by persistent attempts to use ex vivo expanded and manipulated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as a tool in different types of regenerative therapy. In the present study we described immunophenotype and the proliferative and differentiation potential of cells isolated from pulp remnants of exfoliated deciduous teeth in the final phase of root resorption. Methods. The initial adherent cell population from five donors was obtained by the outgrowth method. Colony forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) assay was performed in passage one. Cell expansion was performed until passage three and all tests were done until passage eight. Cells were labeled for early mesenchymal stem cells markers and analysis have been done using flow cytometry. The proliferative potential was assessed by cell counting in defined time points and population doubling time was calculated. Commercial media were used to induce osteoblastic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Cytology and histology methods were used for analysis of differentiated cell morphology and extracellular matrix characteristics. Results. According to immunophenotype analyses all undifferentiated cells were positive for the mesenchymal stem cell markers: CD29 and CD73. Some cells expressed CD146 and CD106. The hematopoietic cell marker, CD34, was not detected. In passage one, incidence of CFU-F was 4.7 Ā± 0.5/100. Population doubling time did not change significantly during cell subcultivation and was in average 25 h. After induction of differentiation, the multicolony derived cell population had a tri-lineage differentiation potential, since mineralized matrix, cartilage-like tissue and adipocytes were successfully formed after three weeks of incubation. Conclusion. Altogether, these data suggest that remnants of deciduous teeth dental pulp contained cell populations with mesenchymal stem cell-like features, with a high proliferation and tri- lineage differentiation potential and that these cultures are suitable for further in vitro evaluation of cell based therapies.Uvod/Cilj. ProÅ”la dekada je bila posebno obeležena naporima na polju koriÅ”Äenja ex vivo razvijenih i usmeravanih mezenhimskih matiÄnih Äelija (MSCs), kao sredstva za razliÄite tipove regenerativne terapije. Cilj ove studije bio je da se utvrdi imunofenotip i potencijal za proliferaciju i diferencijaciju Äelija izolovanih iz zubne pulpe mleÄnih zuba dece eksfoliranih u periodu kada je koren zuba bio u poslednjoj fazi resorpcije. Metode. Primarna adherentna populacija Äelija poreklom od pet donora dobijena je metodom eksplanta. Prisustvo progenitorskih Äelija koje obrazuju kolonije fibroblasta (CFU-F) pokazano je u prvoj pasaži. Do treÄe pasaže Äelije su ekspandirane, a potom koriÅ”Äene za analiziranje. Imunofenotip je odreÄen koriÅ”Äenjem protoÄne citometrije. Proliferativni potencijal i vreme udvajanja Äelija (PDT) u kulturi je definisano na osnovu apsolutnog broja Äelija na poÄetku i na kraju svake pasaže. Posle tronedeljne kultivacije Äelija u komercijalnim medijumima za stimulaciju osteogeneze, hondrogeneze i adipogeneze, citoloÅ”kim i histoloÅ”kim metodama je odreÄena morfologija Äelija i karakteristike vanÄelijskog matriksa. Rezultati. Antigeni koji karakteriÅ”u mezenhimske matiÄne Äelije CD29 i CD73 su bili eksprimirani na svim nediferenciranim Äelijama, dok su antigeni CD146 i CD106 bili eksprimirani na ograniÄenom broju Äelija. Antigen CD34 (karakteristiÄan za Äelije hematopoetske loze) nije bio eksprimiran. Incidencija CFU-F bila je 4,7 Ā± 0,5/100 Äelija. PDT se nije menjao tokom osam pasaža i u proseku je iznosio 25 h. Posle tronedeljne stimulacije diferencijacije u kulturama sa adipogenim medijumom doÅ”lo je do stvaranja Äelija sa masnim kapljicama, a u kulturama sa osteogenim medijumom doÅ”lo je do formiranja vanÄelijskog matriksa sa deponovanim kalcijumovim solima. U kulturama sa hondrogenim medijumom doÅ”lo je do stvaranja tkiva sliÄnog hrskavici i vanÄelijskog matriksa sa glikozaminoglikanima i kolagenom II. ZakljuÄak. Zubna pulpa mleÄnih zuba dece sadrži Äelijsku populaciju koja odgovara mezenhimskim matiÄnim Äelijama prema svojim karakteristikama, ima visok proliferativni potencijal i potencijal da se diferencira u tri Äelijske linije Å”to je Äini pogodnom za dalje in vitro analize i evaluaciju Äelijske terapije
Age-related changes in the content of insulin: Like growth factor-l in rat brain
Although there has been extensive research on the effect of IGF-I on muscles and bone tissue, the effect on brain aging has received little attention. We investigated the IGF-I content in brains of differently aged rats. The IGF-I contents in cerebellar and cerebral cortex were found to be higher in immature rats (4-5 days old) compared to young adult (2.5 months old) and middle-aged (7.5-9 months old) rats. However, the decrease of mean IGF-I in middle-aged rats compared to immature animals was statistically significant only in the cerebellar codex. Our results indicate that IGF-I content decreases through the lifespan and maybe selectively in some brain regions.VrÅ”ena su istraživanja insulinu sliÄnog faktora rasta (IGF-I) na miÅ”iÄno i koÅ”tano tkivo, ali je posveÄena mala pažnja efektu na mozak u toku starenja. Mi smo ispitivali sadržaj IGF-I u moždanom tkivu pacova razliÄite starosti. NaÄeno je da su IGF-I koncentracije u kori malog mozga kao i velikog mozga mladih pacova (4-5 dana starih) viÅ”e u poreÄenju sa sadržajima grupe tek-odraslih pacova starosti 2,5 meseca i grupe neÅ”to starijih odraslih pacova (7,5-9 meseci starih). MeÄutim, smanjenje koncentracije IGF-I sadržaja samo u kori malog mozga neÅ”to starijih pacova (7,5-9 meseci) bilo je znaÄajno u odnosu na vrednosti u novoroÄenih (4-5 dana starih pacova). NaÅ”i rezultati ukazuju da IGF-I opada tokom života i moguÄe - selektivno u odreÄenim moždanim regionima.nul
Age-related changes in the content of insulin: Like growth factor-l in rat brain
Although there has been extensive research on the effect of IGF-I on muscles and bone tissue, the effect on brain aging has received little attention. We investigated the IGF-I content in brains of differently aged rats. The IGF-I contents in cerebellar and cerebral cortex were found to be higher in immature rats (4-5 days old) compared to young adult (2.5 months old) and middle-aged (7.5-9 months old) rats. However, the decrease of mean IGF-I in middle-aged rats compared to immature animals was statistically significant only in the cerebellar codex. Our results indicate that IGF-I content decreases through the lifespan and maybe selectively in some brain regions.VrÅ”ena su istraživanja insulinu sliÄnog faktora rasta (IGF-I) na miÅ”iÄno i koÅ”tano tkivo, ali je posveÄena mala pažnja efektu na mozak u toku starenja. Mi smo ispitivali sadržaj IGF-I u moždanom tkivu pacova razliÄite starosti. NaÄeno je da su IGF-I koncentracije u kori malog mozga kao i velikog mozga mladih pacova (4-5 dana starih) viÅ”e u poreÄenju sa sadržajima grupe tek-odraslih pacova starosti 2,5 meseca i grupe neÅ”to starijih odraslih pacova (7,5-9 meseci starih). MeÄutim, smanjenje koncentracije IGF-I sadržaja samo u kori malog mozga neÅ”to starijih pacova (7,5-9 meseci) bilo je znaÄajno u odnosu na vrednosti u novoroÄenih (4-5 dana starih pacova). NaÅ”i rezultati ukazuju da IGF-I opada tokom života i moguÄe - selektivno u odreÄenim moždanim regionima.nul
Acute effect of ethanol on IgA immunoreactive cells in the intestine-associated immune system
The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of ethanol on mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue at the level of Peyer's patches and the intestinal lamina propria in female rats and to determine whether this action of ethanol is modulated during the estrous cycle. Adult female rats showing proestrus or diestrus day 1 were treated intraperitoneally (ip) with ethanol (4 g/kg). Untreated and saline-injected rats were used as controls. The animals were sacrificed by decapitation 0.5 h after ethanol administration. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) immunoreactive cells were analyzed by indirect immunohistochemistry using mouse anti-rat IgA and a Dako LSAB+ kit. The number of IgA-immunoreactive cells in Peyer's patches was unaltered by ethanol treatment at both phases of the estrous cycle. However, stereological analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of IgA-immunoreactive cells (p lt 0.01) in the intestinal lamina propria following acute ethanol administration at proestrus and on diestrus day 1. The results indicate that the intestinal lamina propria, the effector site of the mucosal immune system, can be affected by a single dose of ethanol at both phases of the estrous cycle
Blockade of Nitric Oxide Synthesis Modulates Rat Immunoglobulin A
Objective: Nitric oxide (NO) is known as a regulator of inflammation and immunity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of this signal molecule on the rat immunoglobulin A (IgA) system using N omega-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME), which inhibits the activity of all isoforms of NO synthase. Methods: The experiments were performed on adult female Wistar rats showing diestrus day 1 that were treated with L-NAME (30 or 50 mg/kg, s.c.). Untreated and saline-injected animals were used as controls. The rats were sacrificed 3 h following L-NAME or saline administration. The concentration of IgA in serum and intestinal extracts was determined by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The number of IgA-expressing cells per area unit of Peyer's patches and the intestinal lamina propria was evaluated using stereological analysis. Results: The results showed that L-NAME decreased the level of IgA in serum and elevated its concentration in intestinal extracts. Additionally, the increased number of IgA+ cells was found in the intestinal lamina propria in both experimental groups. Conclusion: Obtained findings imply that endogenous NO may modulate the IgA system in the rat. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Base
Expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma - immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis
The role of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression has been investigated in various types of tumors. There are only little and controversial data about its clinical relevance in colorectal carcinoma, one of the most common carcinomas observed in humans. In this study we investigated expression of HSP70 in human colonic carcinoma and possible correlation with clinicopathology. To assess patterns (cytosolic and membrane) of HSP70 expression, the 48 surgically removed colorectal adenocarcinomas and 12 normal colonic and rectal mucosal samples were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western-blot. According to results of immunohistochemistry, expression of cytoplasmic HSP72 was significantly higher in colorectal carcinoma compared with normal and adjacent mucosa (p LT 0.01). In addition, there was significant increase in HSP72 expression in lymph node-positive compared to node-nevative group (p LT 0.001). Dukes C2 stage of colonic cancer showed significantly higher immunohistochemical score than Dukes B2 and B1 stage groups (p LT 0.05 i.e. p LT 0.02). There was no relation between expression of HSP72 and degree of tumor differentiation. Using Western blot analyses, we noticed elevated levels of cytosolic HSP70 in colorectal cancer cells compared to normal. Densitometric analysis of blots of plasma membrane HSP70 expression has shown decrease in colorectal cancer cells compared to normal mucosa. According to our results, overexpression of HSP72 in malignant tissues of patients with colorectal carcinoma is related to tumor progression, suggesting that these proteins could play an important role not only in tumorigenesis but also in the development of drug resistance. Further research is necessary to clarify the mechanisms responsible for differential HSP70 expression as well as its definitive role in colorectal cancer
Expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma - immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis
The role of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression has been investigated in various types of tumors. There are only little and controversial data about its clinical relevance in colorectal carcinoma, one of the most common carcinomas observed in humans. In this study we investigated expression of HSP70 in human colonic carcinoma and possible correlation with clinicopathology. To assess patterns (cytosolic and membrane) of HSP70 expression, the 48 surgically removed colorectal adenocarcinomas and 12 normal colonic and rectal mucosal samples were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western-blot. According to results of immunohistochemistry, expression of cytoplasmic HSP72 was significantly higher in colorectal carcinoma compared with normal and adjacent mucosa (p LT 0.01). In addition, there was significant increase in HSP72 expression in lymph node-positive compared to node-nevative group (p LT 0.001). Dukes C2 stage of colonic cancer showed significantly higher immunohistochemical score than Dukes B2 and B1 stage groups (p LT 0.05 i.e. p LT 0.02). There was no relation between expression of HSP72 and degree of tumor differentiation. Using Western blot analyses, we noticed elevated levels of cytosolic HSP70 in colorectal cancer cells compared to normal. Densitometric analysis of blots of plasma membrane HSP70 expression has shown decrease in colorectal cancer cells compared to normal mucosa. According to our results, overexpression of HSP72 in malignant tissues of patients with colorectal carcinoma is related to tumor progression, suggesting that these proteins could play an important role not only in tumorigenesis but also in the development of drug resistance. Further research is necessary to clarify the mechanisms responsible for differential HSP70 expression as well as its definitive role in colorectal cancer