Validade convergente entre o SF-36 e o WHOQOL-BREF em idosos

OBJETIVO : Comparar a confiabilidade e validade convergente de instrumentos de qualidade de vida em idosos brasileiros. MÉTODOS : Estudo transversal com 278 idosos, alfabetizados e frequentadores de universidade de terceira idadeno município de São Carlos, SP, entre 2006 e 2008. Foram comparadas as versões brasileiras dos instrumentos 36-item form constructed to survey health status (SF-36) e World Health Organization quality of life assessment instrument (WHOQOL-BREF). O coeficiente alfa de Cronbach foi usado para estimar a confiabilidade e a correlação de Pearson para a comparação entre as duas escalas. RESULTADOS : A maioria dos participantes eram mulheres (87,8%) com média de idade de 63,83 anos (DP = 7,22). Ambas as escalas mostraram consistência interna aceitável: os coeficientes alfa de Cronbach do WHOQOL-BREF e do SF-36 foram, respectivamente, 0,832 e 0,868. Houve correlação (r ≤ 0,6) pobre entre os campos relacionados dos dois questionários. CONCLUSÕES : SF-36 e WHOQOL-BREF são instrumentos confiáveis para usos clínicos e de pesquisa entre mulheres idosas brasileiras. Para selecionar um deles, é preciso considerar quais aspectos de qualidade de vida são de interesse em razão dos indicativos de fraca validade convergente. O WHOQOL-BREF pode ser mais relevante para avaliar as mudanças na qualidade de vida de mulheres idosas saudáveis porque prioriza as respostas ao processo de envelhecimento e evita foco em sua incapacidade.OBJETIVO : Comparar la confiabilidad y validez convergente de instrumentos de calidad de vida en ancianos brasileños MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal con 278 ancianos, alfabetizados y frecuentadores de universidad de tercera edad en el municipio de São Carlos, SP-Brasil, entre 2006 y 2008. Se compararon las versiones brasileñas de los instrumentos 36-item form constructed to survey health status (SF-36) y World Health Organization quality of life assessment instrument (WHOQOL-BREF). El coeficiente alfa de Cronbach fue usado para estimar la confiabilidad y la correlación de Pearson para la comparación entre las dos escalas. RESULTADOS : La mayoría de los participantes eran mujeres (87,8%) con promedio de edad de 63,83 años (DS= 7,22). Ambas escalas mostraron consistencia interna aceptable: los coeficientes alfa de Cronbach de WHOQOL-BREF y de SF-36 fueron, respectivamente, 0,832 y 0,868. Hubo correlación (r< 0,6) pobre entre los campos relacionados de los dos cuestionarios. CONCLUSIONES : SF-36 y WHOQOL-BREF son instrumentos confiables para usos clínicos y de investigación entre mujeres ancianas brasileñas. Para seleccionar uno de ellos, es necesario considerar cuales son los aspectos de calidad de vida que son de interés con base en los indicativos de validez débil convergente. El WHOQOL-BREF puede ser más relevante para evaluar los cambios en la calidad de vida de mujeres ancianas saludables porque prioriza las respuestas al proceso de envejecimiento y evita foco en su capacidad.OBJECTIVE : To compare the reliability and convergent validity of instruments assessing quality of life in Brazilian older adults. METHODS : Cross-sectional study of 278 literate, community-dwelling older adults attending a municipal university for the elderly in Sao Carlos, SP, Southeastern Brazil between 2006 and 2008. The Brazilian versions of the SF-36 and WHOQOL-BREF instruments to assess quality of life were compared. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to estimate reliability and Pearson’s correlation for comparison between the two scales. RESULTS : Most of participants were women (87.8%) with a mean age of 63.83±7.22 years. Both scales showed an acceptable internal consistency – WHOQOL-BREF Cronbach’s alpha was 0.832 and SF-36 was 0.868. There was a weak (r ≤ 0.6) correlation between the related fields in the two questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS : The SF-36 and WHOQOL-BREF are reliable instruments for clinical and research uses in Brazilian older women. To select one, researchers should consider which aspects of quality of life they aim to capture because of weak convergent validity signs. This study’s results indicate that WHOQOL-BREF may be more relevant to evaluate changes in the quality of life of older women because it prioritizes responses to the aging process and avoids focusing on impairment

Efetividade de intervenções fisioterapêuticas para o vaginismo: uma revisão da literatura

Vaginismus is an involuntary contraction of the vaginal muscles which makes sexual intercourse difficult or impossible - hence interfering in personal and marital relationships - for which physical therapy strategies have been proposed. The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness of physical therapy interventions for vaginismus. Clinical trials in which participants were diagnosed with vaginismus were searched for in Scielo and Pubmed databases between 1998 and 2009. Exclusion criteria were: review and transversal studies; studies where patients presented signs and symptoms of vaginismus resulting from other diseases; and studies in which the interventions proposed can't be carried out by physical therapists. Only three studies were found, in which the following therapies were used: Master & Johnson's; sexual cognitive-behavioural therapy plus functional electrical stimulation-biofeedback; and desensitization by silicone dilators. All three studies were evaluated as having poor methodological quality and did not provide consistent evidence for clinical interventions in vaginismus. Due to the scarcity of studies found, no metanalysis was done, only a critical review. No consistent evidence could thus be found on satisfactory clinical physical therapies for vaginismus. Further randomized clinical trials, of high quality, are needed to assess the effectiveness of the treatments proposed.O vaginismo é uma persistente contração involuntária da musculatura da vagina que interfere na penetração, impedindo a relação sexual e podendo comprometer as relações interpessoais e conjugais, para o qual algumas estratégias de fisioterapia têm sido propostas. O objetivo desta revisão foi avaliar a efetividade de tratamentos fisioterapêuticos propostos para o vaginismo. Foram levantados estudos em que o diagnóstico clínico da amostra fosse vaginismo, nas bases de dados Pubmed e Scielo, entre 1998 e 2009. Foram excluídos artigos de revisão, estudos transversais, ou em que as participantes referiam sinais e sintomas de vaginismo decorrentes de outras doenças, ou ainda com intervenções não realizadas por fisioterapeutas. Foram identificados apenas três estudos que se adequaram a esses critérios, em que foram utilizadas as terapias: sexual cognitiva comportamental associada à estimulação elétrica funcional com biofeedback; de dessensibilização por dilatadores de silicone; e a proposta por Masters & Johnson. Os estudos foram avaliados como de baixa qualidade metodológica e não forneciam evidências consistentes para a intervenção fisioterapêutica no vaginismo. Não foi possível efetuar uma metanálise, mas uma revisão crítica, devido à escassez de trabalhos. Portanto, não foram encontradas evidências consistentes de intervenção clínica satisfatória para o vaginismo. Requerem-se estudos clínicos randomizados, de alta qualidade, para comprovar a efetividade dos tratamentos propostos

Correlations among thoracic kyphosis degree, pulmonary function and quality of life in osteoporotic women

This study examines the influence of thoracic kyphosis on respiratory function, evaluated through spirometry, muscle strength measurement and cyrtometry and on quality of life in osteoporotic women. Subjects: 14 women with densitometric diagnosis of osteoporosis in the spine (mean age: 68,7 ± 2) were evaluated. All subjects were submitted to a pulmonary function test, a measurement of thoracic kyphosis angle and answered a questionnaire to measure the quality of life. The data was statisticallyanalyzed by Wilcoxon's non-parametric tests and showed non-significantdiference (p = 0.05) between the values obtained in the spirometry and in the preview spirometric values to age. In order to check if there were correlations between kyphosis degree and respiratory variables and qualityof life variables, the Pearson coefficient was obtained between the variables. It was observed that there were not any significant correlationsbetween the variables, except between the kyphosis degree and level of pain. The results found in this study allowed to conclude that, for this sample, there were not statistical significant correlations between the kyphosis degree and pulmonary function and quality of life. The correlation was significant between the degree of kyphosis and level of pain.O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a correlação do grau de cifose torácica com a função pulmonar, avaliada através da espirometria, manuvacuometria e cirtometria, e da qualidade de vida de um grupo de mulheres com osteoporose. Foram avaliadas 14 mulheres voluntárias(idade média: 68,7 ± 2), com diagnóstico densitométrico de osteoporose na coluna. Todas as voluntárias foram submetidas a uma avaliação da função respiratória, como também do grau de cifose torácica e responderam um questionário para avaliar sua qualidade de vida (OPAQ). Os dados obtidos na espirometria foram analisados estatisticamente através dos testes não paramétricos de Wilcoxon. Para verificar se havia influência do grau de cifose nas variáveis respiratórias e nas variáveis doquestionário de qualidade de vida das mulheres com osteoporose foi obtido o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson entre as variáveis. O teste de Wilcoxon demonstrou que não houve diferença significativa (p = 0,05) entre os valores obtidos na espirometria e os valores espirométricos previstos para a idade. Foi observado que não houve correlação significativa do grau de cifose com nenhuma das variáveis respiratórias ecom nenhuma variável analisadas através do questionário de qualidade de vida, exceto com a dorsalgia. Os resultados obtidos nesse trabalho permitem concluir que para a amostra estudada, o grau de cifose não influenciou a função respiratória nem a qualidade de vida das voluntárias, exceto o nível de dorsalgia

Convergent validity between SF-36 and WHOQOL-BREF in older adults

OBJECTIVE : To compare the reliability and convergent validity of instruments assessing quality of life in Brazilian older adults. METHODS : Cross-sectional study of 278 literate, community-dwelling older adults attending a municipal university for the elderly in Sao Carlos, SP, Southeastern Brazil between 2006 and 2008. The Brazilian versions of the SF-36 and WHOQOL-BREF instruments to assess quality of life were compared. Cronbach&#8217;s alpha coefficient was used to estimate reliability and Pearson&#8217;s correlation for comparison between the two scales. RESULTS : Most of participants were women (87.8%) with a mean age of 63.83&#177;7.22 years. Both scales showed an acceptable internal consistency &#8211; WHOQOL-BREF Cronbach&#8217;s alpha was 0.832 and SF-36 was 0.868. There was a weak (r &#8804; 0.6) correlation between the related fields in the two questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS : The SF-36 and WHOQOL-BREF are reliable instruments for clinical and research uses in Brazilian older women. To select one, researchers should consider which aspects of quality of life they aim to capture because of weak convergent validity signs. This study&#8217;s results indicate that WHOQOL-BREF may be more relevant to evaluate changes in the quality of life of older women because it prioritizes responses to the aging process and avoids focusing on impairment

Efeito de exercícios terapêuticos no equilíbrio de mulheres com osteoartrite de joelho: uma revisão sistemática The effects of therapeutic exercise on the balance of women with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review

OBJETIVO: Fornecer evidências relacionadas ao efeito de exercícios terapêuticos sobre o equilíbrio de mulheres com osteoartrite (OA) de joelho. MÉTODOS: A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed, Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, ISI web of knowledge, PEDro e Colaboração Cochrane. Foram utilizadas as palavras-chave: knee, balance, women, rehabilitation em combinação com osteoarthritis. Foram selecionados ensaios clínicos aleatórios e controlados dos últimos dez anos, em língua inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola. Para verificar a qualidade dos ensaios clínicos selecionados, aplicou-se a Escala PEDro. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se um total de 20 estudos a partir da busca eletrônica. Desses, apenas nove satisfizeram os critérios de inclusão e foram analisados integralmente. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos nove estudos incluídos permitiu classificar oito deles como de alta qualidade metodológica. Os métodos e as intervenções para o equilíbrio variaram amplamente, no entanto a maioria dos estudos encontrou melhora significativa no equilíbrio de mulheres com OA de joelho. CONCLUSÃO: Como os estudos incluídos nesta revisão sistemática têm uma alta qualidade metodológica, pode-se concluir que os exercícios terapêuticos utilizados pelos estudos melhoraram o equilíbrio de mulheres com OA de joelho.<br>OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review was to examine evidence regarding the effects of therapeutic exercise on the balance of women with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: The search was conducted in Pubmed, Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, ISI web of knowledge, PEDro and the Cochrane Collaboration. We used the keywords: "knee", "balance", "women" and "rehabilitation" in combination with "osteoarthritis". We selected randomized controlled clinical trials published in English, Portuguese and Spanish over the last 10 years. To verify the methodological quality of selected clinical trials, the PEDro Scale was applied. RESULTS: A total of 20 studies were found in the electronic search. Of these, only 9 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in full. Eight of these 9 studies were classified as having high methodological quality on the PEDro Scale. Although the methods and interventions regarding balance varied widely in these studies, most found significant improvement in the balance of women with knee OA. CONCLUSION: Since the studies included in this systematic review were of high methodological quality, we can conclude that the therapeutic exercises they used improved the balance of women with knee OA

Effects of an exercise program on respiratory function, posture and on quality of life in osteoporotic women: a pilot study

Abstract Objectives To investigate the effects of an exercise program on respiratory function, thoracic kyphosis, tolerance to exercise and quality of life in women with osteoporosis. Design Pilot observational study. Setting Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Brazil. Participants Fourteen women with densitometric diagnosis of osteoporosis in the spine. Interventions An exercise program comprising of three sessions per week, lasting 1 hour each, over an 8-week period. Each session incorporated: 5 minutes of stretching exercises, including the lower limb and upper limb muscles; 15 minutes of posture exercises; 20 minutes of walking; 15 minutes of exercises to improve the strength of respiratory muscles and a 5-minutes, cool-down and relaxation. Main outcome measures Respiratory function evaluation, submaximal exercise tolerance test measurement of the thoracic kyphosis angle, and the Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire (OPAQ) to measure the quality of life at baseline and at 8-week follow-up. Results At follow-up, increases of between 12% and 23% in respiratory pressures were noted. The results also suggest an increase of 13% in submaximal exercise tolerance and a small increase of approximately 5% in the magnitude of thoracic curvature. The value of the OPAQ for this group of subjects is questionable. Sample size calculations based on the results of this pilot study are provided. Conclusions After an 8-week exercise program, benefits to the fitness of the participants were observed. The results suggest that exercise may have a role in the management of this group of patients. The outcome measures, with the possible exception of the OPAQ, and the protocol used in this pilot study would be feasible for a definitive study. Further research is recommended in a sufficiently powered study and should include an appropriate control group