Influência do instrumento de avaliação de consumo alimentar na determinação da dieta cariogênica de escolares

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a influência do recordatório de 24 horas e do Questionário Alimentar do Dia Anterior (QUADA) na avaliação do consumo de alimentos com potencial cariogênico por escolares. Para isso, um estudo transversal foi realizado. A amostra de conveniência foi composta de 30 crianças cárie-ativas, de ambos os gêneros, com idade entre 7 e 10 anos, atendidas em 2019 na Clínica Infanto-Juvenil da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e, suas respectivas mães, que não tenham recebido orientações dietéticas antes do estudo. Dois avaliadores previamente treinados aplicaram, de maneira independente, os instrumentos para avaliação do consumo de alimentos com potencial cariogênico. O QUADA foi aplicado às crianças e o recordatório de 24 horas foi aplicado às mães. Variáveis individuais e clínicas foram coletadas dos prontuários odontológicos, tais como: gênero, idade, experiência de cárie (ceo-d), frequência de escovação e índices de placa visível e sangramento gengival. Coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e respectivo intervalo de confiança foram calculados para determinar a concordância entre os instrumentos considerando a frequência de ingestão de açúcar. Análises bivariadas (teste de Mann-Whitney) foram realizadas para investigar os fatores associados à frequência de ingestão de açúcar com o uso do QUADA e do recordatório de 24 horas (=0,05). Uma moderada concordância entre os instrumentos foi encontrada (0,51 IC95% -0,04-0,77; p = 0,03). A frequência média de ingestão de açúcar relatada por mães e crianças foi de 3,5 (± 1,8) e 3,7 (± 1,5) vezes por dia, respectivamente. Com o uso do QUADA, a frequência de consumo de alimentos cariogênicos variou dependendo da frequência de escovação. Crianças que tiveram maior frequência de ingestão de açúcar escovaram seus dentes pelo menos duas vezes ao dia (p=0,016). Em conclusão, o Questinário Alimentar do Dia Anterior pode ser aplicado às crianças em idade escolar em associação com as informações fornecidas pelas mães quando intervenções dietéticas para controle da cárie dentária são necessáriasThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of 24-hour recall and Previous Day Food Questionnaire (PDFQ) on the evaluation of consumption of foods with cariogenic potential by schoolchildren. For this, a cross-sectional study was performed. A convenience sample comprised of 30 caries-active children of both genders, aged between 7 and 10 years, attended in 2019 at the Children and Youth Dental Clinic of the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul and their mothers, who have not received dietary orientation before study. Two previously trained evaluators independently applied the instruments to assess the consumption of foods with cariogenic potential. The PDFQ was applied to children and the 24-hour recall was applied to mothers. Individual and clinical variables were collected from dental records such as gender, age, caries experience (dmft), toothbrushing frequency, and visible plaque and gingival bleeding indexes. Intraclass correlation coefficient and respective confidence interval were calculated to determine the agreement between the instruments considering the frequency of sugar intake. Bivariate analyzes (Mann-Whitney test) were performed to investigate factors associated with the frequency of sugar intake with the use of PDFQ and 24-hour recall (α = 0.05). A moderate reliability (0.51 95%CI -0.04-0.77; p=0.03) was found between instruments. Mean frequency of sugar intake reported by mothers and children was 3.5 (± 1.8) and 3.7 (± 1.5) times a day, respectively. When using the PDFQ, the frequency of cariogenic foods consumption varied depending on frequency of toothbrushing. Children that had higher frequency of sugar intake brushed their teeth at least two times a day (p=0.016). In conclusion, the Previous Day Food Questionnaire may be applied with schoolchildren in association with reports of mothers when dietary interventions for controlling dental caries are necessary

Can Schoolchildren Substitute Mothers’ Reports of Cariogenic Foods Consumption?

Objective: To investigate the influence de two instruments for evaluation of cariogenic foods consumption by schoolchildren. Material and Methods: The convenience sample comprised of 30 active-caries children (7-10 years old) attended in a public dental clinic and their mothers, who have not received dietary orientation before study. A trained evaluator administered the Previous Day Food Questionnaire (PDFQ) to children and other examiner applied the 24-hour dietary recall with mothers. Internal consistency between PDFQ and 24-hour dietary recall regarding frequency of sugar intake was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficient. Bivariate analyses (Mann-Whitney test) were performed to investigate the factors associated with frequency of sugar intake when using both instruments (α=0.05). Results: A moderate correlation (ICC = 0.51; 95%CI: -0.04–0.77; p=0.03) was found between instruments. Mean frequency of sugar intake reported by mothers and children was 3.5 (± 1.8) and 3.7 (± 1.5) times a day, respectively. When using the PDFQ, the frequency of cariogenic foods consumption varied depending on frequency of toothbrushing, i.e., children that had higher frequency of sugar intake brushed their teeth at least two times a day (p=0.016). Conclusion: Previous Day Food Questionnaire applied with schoolchildren could substitute the mothers’ reports of cariogenic foods consumption when dietary interventions for controlling dental caries are necessary. If doubts remain regarding the children’s response, mothers should be consulted