PROBLEMS IN RESEARCH RAISING OUT OF ILLUSION

Research plays an important role in our life. In research, speaking the truth is a difficult task but it is a requirement of research. The search for truth is called research. There are many difficulties in the way of research. But some problems are caused by convenience and haste and carelessness. Ambiguity (Iltibas) also arises as a result of this haste. Ambiguity (Iltibas) means doubting one thing over another. If there are two authors of the same name, the probability increases and the situation becomes like the author of a “Nairang-e-Khiyal”. Identifying these errors make new ways for researchers. &nbsp

امتیاز علی خان عرشی کا ’’دیوانِ غالب‘‘ (نمایاں خدو خال تدوین کے اُصولوں کی روشنی میں)

The history of Urdu literature is incomplete without Mirza Ghalib. He is one of those stalwarts of Urdu literature whose art is multidimensional. This diversity in Ghalib is such an in fathomable ocean which motivates the researchers to wade through it."Nuskha e Arshi" is considered to be the most authentic among the compiled and edited work of Ghalib. This article is a humble attempt to investigate "Nuskha e Arshi" in accordance with the established paradigms of compilation and that of the opinions of researchers. It will help paving the way for new researchers to quench their

صدیق سالک کا ’’پریشر کُکر‘‘ معاشرتی تناظر کے آئینے میں

Siddiq Salik was born on September 6 at Distt. Kharian, Punjab. His father was an average farmer having some agricultural land. He was just a toddler when his father passed away leaving a young widow with four kids to face the hardships of the world. The inherited land was usurped by his paternal uncle. Despite unfavourable circumstances his mother Aalim Bibi played her role heroically and educate him along with his three sisters utilizing her limited resources. According to rural tradition he completed recitation of the Holy Quran first and then got admission in the School. After passing 9th grade he left school and appeared as a private candidate for Matriculation exams. He bagged 1st position among all the private candidates. From Zamindar college, Gujrat he did F. A and did graduation from Islamia College, Lahore. From the same institution he got Masters degree in English literature. In 1963 he got diploma in International Relations from Punjab University, Lahore and joined Journalism. On December 17,1964 he got commission in Pak Army as a public Relations officer. During 1971 war he was imprisoned and declared POW. During imprisonment he wrote his memoir'Witness to Surrender'. Meanwhile his mother died in 1973 while he was still in India as a prisoner. When Martial law by Gen Zia was imposed on July 6,1977 he served as Press Secretary to President and wrote many speeches for him. In 1984 he was promoted as a Colonel and later on promoted to the rank of Brigadier in 1985.He was serving as Director General ISPR when killed in an air crash along with General Zia on August 17,1988. The title of his novel 'Pressure Cooker ' is symbolic. However, the said novel does not fall in the category of symbolic novel as there is no abstractionism in it.The article under review is an attempt to analyse Siddiq Salik's novel "Pressure Cooker" in the backdrop of current social perspective. It highlights not only a particular era when it was written but also mirrors the prevailing social set up of Pakistan under moral deterioration and crumbling values depict the decline of humanity. These exploiting others for personal benefit, is the foremost requisite and survival of the fittest is the only option. Innovation and logical thinking is discouraged in the grab of conservatism religious extremism

تدریسِ اُردو اکیسویں صدی کے تناظر میں: امکانات و مباحث (معاشی پہلو

In the second decade of the 21st century, the development & growth of the world is speedy; and its mainly due to rapid economic growth. None can ignore the value of a language in the economic growth; for language is the tool of communication between the seller and buyer in the market place. This article reflects the use of Urdu in the economic growth. Furthermore, the ideas to make urdu a language for modern communication in economic sphere are discussed along with the balance of probabilities of its success

انسان ابلیس یا فرشتہ: منٹو کا زاویۂ نگاہ

The article under review encompasses two extreme dimensions of human psyche; his cherubic and satanic instincts, depicted by Manto in his short stories. It is analyzed in the backdrop of certain characters from his stories that man is prone to oscillate between these two extremes and may turn at any moment towards any one of these dimensions. This capacity to be an angel or vice versa is innate in his nature. However, he can't be coined as an angel or a devil exclusively but presents an intricate blend of both extremes in his unpredictable existence

تدریس اردو کی مطبوعہ کتب کا تحقیقی و تنقیدی جائزہ (ثانوی جماعتوں کے لیے)

Urdu is compulsory as well as optional subject for students till secondary level. At secondary school level the curriculum of Urdu is based on the best experiences and literature of their life. Their writings express the nature of mankind and experiences of life. Cultural heritage is transmitted through language and literature. Teaching of language is an art. Prose as well as poetry is also important part of Urdu curriculum. Grammar is an important part of language and without it teaching of any language is impossible. This article presents the research and critical analysis of the published books on Teaching of Urdu with special reference to the secondary level books.