Critical Study of Dr. Tabassum Kashmiri’s Poetry: ڈاکٹر تبسم کاشمیری کی شاعری کا تنقیدی مطالعہ

Dr. Tabassum Kashmiri’s name is very important with respect to modern Urdu poetry because he has significantly participated in the creation of modern poetry and the development of modern poetic style. He is not only a poet, but also a known literary personality of the current era as an excellent teacher, a literary historian, a researcher and a critic. The first landmark of Dr. Tabassum Kashmiri’s literary journey is his poetry. He insisted for his identity in the modern poetry and played his role for the provision of this new intellectual context. In this research article, the aesthetic elements have been analyzed which are presented in his poetry

A Stylistic Review of Maulana Muhammad Hussain Azad's Essay "Sair-e-Zindagi": مولانا محمد حسین آزاد کے مضمون سیر زندگی کا اسلوبیاتی جائزہ

Maulana Muhammad Hussain Azad’s essay "Sair-e-Zindagi" describes life and its different stages. The essay starts with the words of a sage that when a person comes into the world, he is completely ignorant and innocent. Then there is childhood, which he finds in the form of a beautiful and carefree life, and then there is youth, which is a beautiful, exciting and colorful period of life, and it is full of emotions and desires. After that, gradually the organs of a person start to decay and he moves from youth to old age. By going to old age, he becomes greedier about life. A critical review of the said essay is presented in this article highlighting the characteristics pertaining to style and diction of the writer. Reference: Malik raam ,nairng Khiyal awwal dooim,new dehli: liberty art press,1987,S 16 Agha Muhammad Baqr, Tareikh nazam o nasar urdu,Lahore,1944,s 179. Malik raam ,nairng Khiyal,s 20. Raam babu saksaina,Tareikh adab Urdu,Karachi,Gazanfer Acedmy,2003,479. Muhammad Hussain Azad,nairang Khiyal,Lahore,Majlis taraqi adab club road,2010,s 42. Aizan, s :48 Aizan, s: 50 Aizan, s: 52 Bashir Ahmed ,Dr,Urdu main inshaiya nigari,Lahore,Nazeer publishers,2010,s: 104 Syed Abdullah,Dr,Meer aman say Abdul huq tuk,taba dowm,Lahore ,Majlis taraqi adab,2005,23

Text Editing: A Comparative Analysis of Some Important Texts: تدوین متن:چند اہم متون کا تقابلی جائزہ

Editing refers to arranging the text according to the author's intention and identifying the modifications and distortions in it and restoring the text to the state in which the author himself wrote it with the help of other authentic texts and evidence. The main thing is the text. The quality of criticism and research depends on the accuracy of the text. If seen in this sense, the importance of editing becomes clear. The rules and regulations of editing are not scientific and universal in nature. Amendments may be made. In the research study of Urdu language and literature in the first half of the 20th century, the names of Hafiz Mahmood Sherani Mudavvan "Majmua e Naghz", Imtiyaz Ali Khan Arshi Mudavvan "Dewan Ghalib" and Rasheed Hassan Khan Mudavvan"Bagh-o-Bahar" are found. These important authors of Urdu have edited different types of texts and tried to explain the principles and procedures of editing in their prefaces. While reviewing, comparisons will be made so that general principles of editing different types of texts can be brought out. References: Ahmed Raza, Mutrjm: Hindustani Matani Tanqeed ka taruf, Lahore: Kitab Mahal, seen noon, P.79 Karim Uddin Ahmed, Tareekh Shu'ara Urdu, Bahawala: Debacha -e-Murtab,Hafiz Mehmood Sherani,Majmua-e-Naghz,Dehli: Taraqqi Urdu Board,1973,P.Laam Farman Fatehpuri, Dr. Urdu Shu'ara ke Tazkire aur Tazkira Nigari,Lahore:Majlis Taraqqi Adab,1972, P.11 Ibid P.11 Imtiyaz Ali Khan Arshi,Muqadma,Dewan-e-Ghalib,Lahore:Majlis Taraqqi Adab,1992,P.75 Ibid Ibid Rasheed Hassan Khan,Muqadma,Bagh-o-Bahar,Nai Dehli:Anjuman Taraqqi Urdu Hind,1992 ,P.4

Critical Review of Collections of Iqbal's Letters Compiled by Syed Muzaffar Hussain Barni: کلیاتِ مکاتیبِ اقبال مرتبہ سید مظفر حسین برنی: تحقیدی جائزہ

The work of research and criticism demands honesty and sincerity. The ideas of a thinker are preserved by editing his literary works. Syed Muzaffar Hussain Barni compiled Iqbal's letters which are considered as an important literary achievement because such letters always help the researchers to know about the literary trends of a particular era as well as the style and diction of the writer. There are both positive and negative critical opinions on his work. Compiling these letters was not an easy task. The scope of Iqbal's letters is very wide. It was very difficult to get them together. Mr.  Barni completed this difficult compilation that made an easy access to Iqbal's letters. The work was lengthy, so there are some mistakes as well which have been identified. Barni's level of this effort builds new avenues of research and criticism. This has widened the scope of Iqbal Studies. Reference: Abdul haq,professor,Iqbal aur iqbaliyat,siri naga,mizan publications,2009,p 157. Abu kalam Azad,Mulana, ghubar e khatir(muqadma: malik raam),Lahore ,maktaba Jamaal,2006,p 13. Muhammad Allama Iqbal,kuliyaat mkatib Iqbal,Lahore:trateeb publications,P.15   Abdulhaq,professor,Iqbal ki tehreero main tehreef,Iqbaliyaat,Lahore,Iqbal Acedmy Pakistan,2005,p; 18 Muhammad Allama Iqbal,kuliyaat mkateeb Iqbal,Eidition 4)mrtbo: syed hussain barni)dehli :Urdu academy ,1998,p 34. Abdul Haq,Professor maktoob bnam Muhammad Amir Iqbal ,1st February 2008,mashmoola .syed muzafer hussain barni ki Iqbal shanasi,tehqeeqi muqala M.Phil Iqbaliyaat ,Islam abad : Allama Iqbal open university ,2009,p 104. Tauqeer Ahmed Khan ,Dr,tekephonic guftugu,Muhammad Amir Iqbal .10 February 2008.6 p

Discussions on National Integrity in Urdu Poetic Criticism- In Complete Books: اردو انتقاد شعر میں قومی یک جہتی کے مباحث

Literature of any language reflects the culture and thinking style of its people; in poetry it becomes more expressive. So the literature plays a vital role in promoting national integrity. In poetic criticism, various books are written in order to discuss the national integrity as prominent feature in poetry. Gopi Chand Narang, Sahil Ahmad, Muzaffar Abbas, Mahmood-ul-Hassan, Syed Majawar Hussain etc. are the prominent critics in this context. This article analyses their contribution in dealing with the discussions about national integrity in Urdu poetic criticism. Reference: Aziz Ahmed qureshi,Hmari qaumi aur inqalabi shairi,siri nagar,shaheen book dipu,1960,p:38. Syed majawer hussain,urdu shairi main yuk jehti kay anasir,Alla abad,shaheen ,publications,1975,p: 448-449. Raam Aasra raz,Dr Urdu shairi main qaumi yukjehti ki rawayat,dehli: jamal printing press,1977,p: 35-36. Sahil Ahmed ,jang Azadi main urdu shairi ka hissa ,Ala abad : Urdu righters gld.1998.p:15-16. Narrinder nath weermini,Urdu nazmo main qumiat aur watniyat ,bhopaal : maalwa publications,2001,p:35. Gopi chand narang,Hindustan ki tehreek e azadi aur urdu shairi,new dehli.qaumi coumcil brauy frogh urdu zaban :2023,p:396-397. Shan ul Haq haqi(muratab),Nasheed ,hurreet,Karachi,Idara matbooaat Pakistan,1957,p:bay. Ali jawad zaidi, (muratab),Urdu main qaumi shairi kay so saal ,Alla Abad: mahakmaa Itlaat utar perdaish,1959,p:

New dimensions of urdu short stories: Afsancha and Flash Fiction: اردو افسانہ کی نئی جہات:افسانچہ اور فلیش فکشن

In the modern era, many stories are coming out. New forms of fiction are in accordance with the contemporary requirements and are trying to make their place in Urdu literature. The experiences of fiction, microfiction, flash fiction, etc. Are becoming a part of Urdu literature. From what point of view these experiments of short fiction with long fiction are being seen and how literary is the artistic and intellectual landscape of the writers who are involved in this trend. In this research article, an attempt has been made to evaluate that the   How important role are contemporary requirements playing in presenting new trends in literature? Reference: Urdu mein mini afsana, Amina Afreen, Hyderabad, India: Mairaaj publication, September2009, page number17. Flash kahani, Aaj ki kahani, Qasim Yaqoob , online adbi Website, aik rozen,14feb, 2017. Siyah hashiy, Saadat husn manto, Lahore: Maktaba Jadeed L, 1948, ashaat awwal, page number16. Afsanchy ki riwayat, Dr. Aslam jamshed poori, online Website, taameer news, 14 October 2016. Mahana risala, shayar Bombay India,AbbasKhan, decemeber 2007, shumara number 12, jald number78,page number20 shakar paaray, Mubasher Ali zaidi, Karachi: A G printing sources, feb 2014,page number, 55 Syed Majid Shah, Faisal abad: Misaal publishers, 2018, page number, 52 Adbi conference Aurang Abad, online Website: G N K Urdu, 5 augst, 2023 Ibid Ibid Urdu fiction mein naya takhleeqi mnzrnamha, Muneer Abbas Supra, Lahore: Inhimak international publications, June 2021, page number, 278 Ibid page no.28

An overview of Ada Jafri’s Autobiography “Jo Rahi So Bekhabri Rahi”: ادا جعفری کی" خود نوشت”جو رہی سو بے خبری رہی پر ایک نظر

Ada Jafri is one of the greatest writers who presented the essence of her art in the form of poetry as well as in prose. She holds a special position amongst the pioneers of modern Urdu and is also called the first lady of poetry. Apart from poetry, she also experimented with an important genre of literature, Aap Beti (autobiography). In her autobiography, “Jo Rahi So Bekhabri Rahi” Ada Jafri has appeared in a different style. Through this autobiography, she has described the educational and social problems faced by women before the establishment of Pakistan, as well as the culture and civilization of that time. The purpose of this research article is to provide readers with historical, cultural and tourist information in the light of Ada Jafri’s autobiography and to highlight the importance of autobiography in literature. Reference: Ada Jafferi , jo rahi sahi so be khaberi rahi, Karachi , maktaba : Danyal , 2013, s 9 Aizan, s : 24 Aizan, s : 35 Aizan, s : 120 Aizan, s : 133 Ada Jafferi ,mashmoola ,Gazala tum to waaqif ho, Lahore : ghalib publishers, 1982, s 164 Ada Jafferi , jo rahi sahi so be khaberi rahi,s 211 Aizan, s : 321 Ada Jafferi , nazam rukhsat, ,Mashmoola, saaz sukhan, nai Dehli , maktaba, jame ltd, 1988, s 80 Mohammad Noshad aalam, dr, urdu khud naisht, sawanah hayaat, azadi ke baad, awwal addition, Dehli , Arshia pbli kishnz, 2011, s : 20

Iqbal: A Critique of Contemporary Education: اقبال :عصر حاضر کے نظامِ تعلیم سے شکایات کا تحقیقی وتنقیدی جائزہ

Each nation has its own philosophy and objectives of life. The education system of every nation is built to achieve these objectives. Iqbal warns us not to replicate west in their systems as the Muslim Ummat has an entirely different view of life as compared to the western secular nations. His main critique on the contemporary education is from the same perspective. For Iqbal the very basic kernel of each Islamic concept and system is its relevance to the concept of Tawheed, and the main objective of an Islamic way of education is to strengthen its recipients’ personality and individuality. The main question is whether the contemporary education is relevant to our own ‘Deen’ and whether our teachers are being able to develop dynamic Muslims. This research is qualitative in nature and analyzes Iqbal’s educational thought through investigation of Iqbal’s relevant literature. A substantial portion of Iqbal’s work is on the development of individual and Muslim ummah, which is also one of the core objectives of education. Iqbal gives us clear directives for development of individual and what causes the failure in the development of the required vicegerent or Naib of the Creator. His complaint is directed towards the educationists and educational institutions in focusing on the western objectives of life and pinning down the students to petty matters of this life rather than focusing on its higher endeavors. Before Iqbal the objective of the education should be the development of highly dynamic human beings with the enthusiasm and excitement to prepare for great challenges of life in the cause of molding world order as required by our Creator. References Muhammad Iqbal, Allama, zrb e Kalim, Lahore, Kapoor printing press ,1977, p.267 Muhammad Iqbal, Allama, kuliyat e Iqbal ma sharah, Lahore, Maktaba Danyal,2014, p.342 Muhammad Iqbal, Allama, zrb e Kalim, 1944, p.166 Muhammad Iqbal, Allama, Asaraar e khudi, sharah ( Yousuf Saleem Chishti ) Lahore, Iqbal Acadmi,1944, p.31 Salamat ul allah, Dr, Taleem, falsafah aur samaaj, Dehli , maktaba jamea maliya ,1974,p.16 Muhammad Iqbal, Allama, kuliyat e Iqbal ma sharah,2014, p.391 Muhammad Ali, Sheikh, Nazriaat o Afkaar Iqbal, Islamabad, National book Foundation ,1984, p.162 Muhammad Iqbal, Allama, zrb e kalim, 1944, p.67 Muhammad Iqbal, Allama, kuliyat e Iqbal (baal butchertown Jibreel), Islamabad, National book Foundation ,2014, p.368 Muhammad Iqbal, Allama, zrb e Kalim, 1944, p.13 Ibid, p.19 Muhammad Iqbal, Allama, kuliyat e Iqbal ma sharah, Lahore, Maktaba Danyal p.156 p. 125 Salamat ul Allah, Dr, Taleem, Falsafah aur samaaj, Dehli , Maktaba Jamea Maliya ,1974,p.18 Muhammad Iqbal, Allama, kuliyat e Iqbal ma sharah, p.254 khwaja Hamid Yazdani, Dr, Saleem Akhtar, Dr, Sharah Armghan Hijaz, Lahore, Sang mil Publikishnz, 2004, p.93 Ghulam Umar, Dr, Iqbal ka Insaan kaamil, Lahore, Maktaba Alia,1976, p.71 Muhammad Amin, Dr, Hamara Taleemi bohraan aur is ka hal, Lahore, Idaara Mtboaat talba ,2010, p.21 Ghulam Umar, Dr, Iqbal ka insaan kaamil, Lahore, Maktaba Alia,1976, p.75 Hamid Yazdani, Sharah zarb claim, Lahore, Sang butchertown Mil Oblikshnz,1976, p.80 Ibid, p.81 Ibid, p.93 Muhammad Amin, Dr, Hamara Taleemi bohraan aur is ka hal, 2010, p.20 Ibid, p.3

Political and Social Consciousness in Muhammad Aleem Ismail's Fiction: محمدعلیم اسماعیل کے افسانوں میں سیاسی و سماجی شعور

In this article, the political and social consciousness in Muhammad Aleem Ismail's fictions has been carefully examined. Common life problems, performance of political leaders, trust, betrayal, deception and responsibilities of country conditions, reflection of life's struggles, physical and emotional pain, dedication to family and profession and facing challenges with hard work, courage and courage.  Moments of happiness, sadness and harsh realities of life, incidents of helping the needy, difficult situations, steadfastness, perfection of emoting and detailing, the fragility of life, sacrifices made for family, being seen to cope with illness.  The struggle, the reflection of the complexities of human existence, the professional problems faced by the non-grant school teacher, the narrative of sacrifice, dedication, and the effects of social changes on the teaching profession, the teacher's strictness on the disobedient student and the resulting political influence.  Disciplinary failure due to influence reflects societal changes and challenges faced by teachers, wife's proposal to quit job due to financial difficulties. Themes of love, sacrifice, and emerging relationship dynamics, social expectations, individual Choices, and the importance of understanding and preserving family relationships, pressure from the mother on the son, and the son's concern for the mother's happiness, peace, and the impact of childhood memories and dreams on life are presented. Reference: Muhammad Aleem Ismail, Al Jahan, Malegaon Maharashtra: Noorani Press, 2018, p:9 Saah Mahi Risalah Rooh-e-Adab,Kolkata:Mghrbi Bangal Urdu Akademi, 2021, p.65 Muhammad Aleem Ismail,Ranjash,Dehli:Rooshan Printers,2020, p.25 Ibid, p.24 Ibid, p.22 Muhammad Aleem Ismail, Al Jahan, p:119 Risalah Mahnama Khabarnama, Lakhnao:Utatr Pardesh Urdu Akademi, April ta June 2021, p.2

An Intellectual Review of the Travelogue “Taparwasni”: سفر نامہ ٹپرواسنی کا فکری جائزہ

"Taparvasni" (Gypsy) is the second collection of Parveen Atif's travelogues, which came out in 1995 after a gap of eight years from his earlier collection "Kiran, Titli Aur Bagole". Parveen Atif traveled to different cities and wrote these travelogues by dividing them into different chapters. In this travelogue, visits to Luckhnow (India), Buenos Aires (Argentina), Amsterdam (Holland), Peking (China) and Hiroshima (Japan) have been described; whereas visits to London (UK) and Damascus (Syria) have also been mentioned. The purpose of the visits included in this travelogue contains engagements in sports (hockey) and allied official duties. This article presents an intellectual review of the said travelogues highlighting their literary, observational and cultural importance. Reference: Parveen Atif,tapawasni,Lahore,Sang e meel publications.1995,p 9. Ghafoor shah qasim ,Dr,Pakistani adab ky so saal ,Lahore: book talk publishers ,1995,p:15. Parveen Atif,Tapar wasni ,P: 10. Anwar sadeed,Dr,Urdu adab main safarnama, Lahore,Maghrabi Pakistan Urdu Acedmy ,p :40. Parveen Atif,Taparwasni,p, 112. Khalid Mehmood ,Urdu safernamo ka tanqeedi muatliya,Lahore,maktaba jamaiya ,2011,p:52. Parveen Atif,Taparwasni,p, 44. Aihsan ,Zulfiqar Ali,Azadi ky baad safernama miN jns nigari ka ruhjaan ,Lahore:Maghrabi PAKISTAN Urdu,2008,P:201. Parveen Atif,Taparwasni,p, 90. Sadaf FATIMA,Dr,Khawateen ky Urdu safernaamo ka tehqeeqi mutaliya,Lahore:Anjuman taraqi Urdu,P: 8 Parveen Atif,Taparwasni,p, 120   &nbsp