COMPUTER SIMULATIONS OF THE STRUCTURE AND THE VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES OF AMORPHOUS IRON

Local atomic arrangements in the realistic models of amorphous and liquid iron were investigated in terms of Volonoi poly-hedra. The frequency of five-edged faces is predominant among others, which is the direct consequence of the existence of 13-atom icosahedral arrangements. All the Bernal holes were found also in the present model, but their shapes are considerably deformed from the idealised ones. The vibrational density of states (DOS) of amorphous iron was computed by the recursion method, in which both the quantitative and topological disorders were taken into account simultaneously. The spectrum has two peaks, an enhanced broad one at a low frequency region and a fairly reduced one at the high frequency side. The frequency spectrum of liquid iron was also calculated for comparison

慢性肝疾患における血清ビリルビン値へのUDP Glucuronosyltransferase 1遺伝子TATA Box遺伝子型の影響

取得学位：博士(医学), 学位授与番号：医博乙第1527号, 学位授与年月日：平成12年12月20日, 学位授与年：200

STRUCTURAL RELAXATION IN AMORPHOUS Fe_<40>Ni_<40>P_<14>B_<6> ALLOY STUDIED BY POSITRON ANNIHILATION AND ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT

The Doppler broadening lineshape of 511 keV γ-ray emitted from positron annihilation, positron lifetime and electrical resistivity of the Fe_Ni_P_B_ amorphous alloy have been measured for the isochronal annealing of 0-500 ℃ temperature range. W-parameter of the Doppler broadening lineshape increased in two stages by annealing below crystallization temperature. These increases appear to be due to the loss of excess free volume in the amorphous alloy. The results indicate that structure of this amorphous alloy relax in two stages and excess free volume losses in the two stage

Lattice Strain Due to an Atomic Vacancy

Volumetric strain can be divided into two parts: strain due to bond distance change and strain due to vacancy sources and sinks. In this paper, efforts are focused on studying the atomic lattice strain due to a vacancy in an FCC metal lattice with molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). The result has been compared with that from a continuum mechanics method. It is shown that using a continuum mechanics approach yields constitutive results similar to the ones obtained based purely on molecular dynamics considerations

Updating the role of matrix metalloproteinases in mineralized tissue and related diseases

Bone development and healing processes involve a complex cascade of biological events requiring well-orchestrated synergism with bone cells, growth factors, and other trophic signaling molecules and cellular structures. Beyond health processes, MMPs play several key roles in the installation of heart and blood vessel related diseases and cancer, ranging from accelerating metastatic cells to ectopic vascular mineralization by smooth muscle cells in complementary manner. The tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) have an important role in controlling proteolysis. Paired with the post-transcriptional efficiency of specific miRNAs, they modulate MMP performance. If druggable, these molecules are suggested to be a platform for development of “smart” medications and further clinical trials. Thus, considering the pleiotropic effect of MMPs on mammals, the purpose of this review is to update the role of those multifaceted proteases in mineralized tissues in health, such as bone, and pathophysiological disorders, such as ectopic vascular calcification and cancer

E-learning system to improve the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer

We developed three e-learning systems for endoscopists to acquire the necessary skills to improve the diagnosis of early gastric cancer (EGC) and demonstrated their usefulness using randomized controlled trials. The subjects of the three e-learning systems were “detec­tion”, “characterization”, and “preoperative assessment”. The contents of each e-learning system included “technique”, “knowledge”, and “obtaining experience”. All e-learning systems proved useful for endoscopists to learn how to diagnose EGC. Lecture videos describing “the technique” and “the knowledge” can be beneficial. In addition, repeating 100 self-study cases allows learners to gain “experience” and improve their diagnostic skills further. Web-based e-learning systems have more advantages than other teaching methods because the number of participants is unlimited. Histopathological diagnosis is the gold standard for the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Therefore, we developed a comprehensive diagnostic algorithm to standardize the histopathological diagnosis of gastric cancer. Once we have successfully shown that this algorithm is helpful for the accurate histopathological diagnosis of cancer, we will complete a series of e-learning systems designed to assess EGC accurately

Early gastric cancer detection in high-risk patients: a multicentre randomised controlled trial on the effect of second-generation narrow band imaging

Objective: Early detection of gastric cancer has been the topic of major efforts in high prevalence areas. Whether advanced imaging methods, such as second-generation narrow band imaging (2G-NBI) can improve early detection, is unknown. Design: This open-label, randomised, controlled tandem trial was conducted in 13 hospitals. Patients at increased risk for gastric cancer were randomly assigned to primary white light imaging (WLI) followed by secondary 2G-NBI (WLI group: n=2258) and primary 2G-NBI followed by secondary WLI (2G-NBI group: n=2265) performed by the same examiner. Suspected early gastric cancer (EGC) lesions in both groups were biopsied. Primary endpoint was the rate of EGC patients in the primary examination. The main secondary endpoint was the positive predictive value (PPV) for EGC in suspicious lesions detected (primary examination). Results: The overall sensitivity of primary endoscopy for the detection of EGC in high-risk patients was only 75% and should be improved. 2G-NBI did not increase EGC detection rate over conventional WLI. The impact of a slightly better PPV of 2G-NBI has to be evaluated further. Trial registration number: UMIN000014503