First On-Line International Colloquium on Translation : Intercultural Transfer

During the month of March 1997 the Facultat de Traducció i d'Interpretació of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona held its first on-line international translation colloquium, dedicated to the subject of intercultural transfer. A dedicated Web site was established to house invited position papers on the subject by Doug Robinson and Anthony Pym, and a response by Michael Cronin. An electronic mailing list was established to permit discussion of the position papers, and messages received were also housed at the Web site. Some 160 participants from 35 countries took part in the colloquium. The extracts published here include the position papers and a selection of responses elicited by the discussion.Al llarg del mes de març de 1997, la Facultat de Traducció i d'Interpretació de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona va dur a terme el seu primer col·loqui internacional en línia de traducció, amb la transferència intercultural com a tema principal. Es van publicar en pàgines web les ponències convidades de Doug Robinson i d'Anthony Pym, i una resposta de Michael Cronin. Es va crear una llista electrònica per fomentar el debat, i es van publicar els missatges rebuts al mateix lloc. Hi van participar unes 160 persones de 35 països. Aquí es publiquen les ponències i una selecció de les respostes que es van produir al llarg del debat

Summary of progress and plans for penguin-related analyses, with reference to comments made on previous submissions

Modelling of penguin dynamics, including of their interaction with pelagic fish abundance, by MARAM scientists is taking place on three fronts: I) Models of the possible impact of fishing in the vicinity of penguin colonies II) Models of the impact of the total pelagic catch on penguin dynamics III) Models of Robben Island penguin dynamics using tag-recapture data. This paper summarises the current situation, offering an understanding of recent debates on certain aspects of earlier analyses, and indicates plans for future analyses on all three fronts. It should be noted that progress on I) is linked to the initiatives of the ICTT (Island Closure Task Team) of the PWG. Furthermore note that it is planned to submit results from the analyses planned for review at the annual international assessment review workshop scheduled to be held over 29 November to 3 December later this year, so that results therefrom can inform the PWG deliberations later in December from which recommendations for management of the Pelagic Fishery for 2011 will be developed

Does increased atmospheric resolution improve seasonal climate predictions?

We assess the impact of atmospheric horizontal resolution on the prediction skill and fidelity of seasonal forecasts. We show the response to an increase of atmospheric resolution from 0.8 to 0.3⁰ horizontal grid spacing in parallel ensembles of forecasts. Changes in the prediction skill of major modes of tropical El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and extratropical North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variability are small and not detected and there is no discernible impact on the weak signal-to-noise ratio in seasonal predictions of the winter NAO at this range of resolutions. Although studies have shown improvements in the simulation of tropical cyclones as model resolution is increased, we find little impact on seasonal prediction skill of either their numbers or intensity. Over this range of resolutions it appears that the benefit of increasing atmospheric resolution to seasonal climate predictions is minimal. However, at yet finer scales there appears to be increased eddy feedback which could strengthen weak signals in predictions of the NAO. Until prediction systems can be run operationally at these scales, it may be better to use additional computing resources for other enhancements such as increased ensemble size, for which there is a clear benefit in extratropical seasonal prediction skill

Island closure feasibility study power analysis results for Dassen and Robben islands

The power analysis for penguin responses to fishing around Dassen and Robben islands has been completed. Response variables considered are chick condition, active nest proportion, fledging success, chick growth, foraging path length, and foraging trip duration. Although complete results are given here only for the first two of these variables, overall there are clear indications regarding the residual variances associated with these variables. Those variances are now estimable for Dassen and Robben islands with sufficient reliability to allow a decision on whether an experimental closure programme could yield definitive conclusions regarding the impact of fishing close to island colonies on penguin demographics within a realistic time span. Thus the purpose of the feasibility study has been achieved and the study can be concluded, with the island closure experiment commenced for these two islands. Definitive results from the experiment can be expected for both islands with about 2–4 years’ additional data

Penguin island closure feasibility study analysis results update: random effects models applied to both Western and Eastern Cape islands

This Addendum updates results from previous papers using random effects instead of fixed effects models for the year factors. Results are now given for Bird and St Croix islands in addition to those for Dassen and Robben islands. The results from random effects models are qualitatively unchanged from those given earlier from the fixed effects models, except that the periods required to obtain statistically significant results are extended somewhat as a result of the removal of the negative bias in the residual variance estimates for the earlier fixed effects models