Extragalactic Foreground Contamination in Temperature-based CMB Lens Reconstruction

We discuss the effect of unresolved point source contamination on estimates of the CMB lensing potential, from components such as the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, radio point sources, and the Cosmic Infrared Background. We classify the possible trispectra associated with such source populations, and construct estimators for the amplitude and scale-dependence of several of the major trispectra. We show how to propagate analytical models for these source trispectra to biases for lensing. We also construct a "source-hardened" lensing estimator which experiences significantly smaller biases when exposed to unresolved point sources than the standard quadratic lensing estimator. We demonstrate these ideas in practice using the sky simulations of Sehgal et. al., for cosmic-variance limited experiments designed to mimic ACT, SPT, and Planck

Whitewashing African American History in Oklahoma City’s Deep Deuce District: Exploring Historical Preservation as a Problematic Tool for Tourism and Gentrification

Historic preservation of African American neighborhoods in Oklahoma City values restoration of buildings and objects but fails to authentically preserve or respect the original culture by actively excluding the Black community from Deep Deuce. Oklahoma City's rhetoric surrounding Deep Deuce refers to urban change as "revitalization," yet it continues to repeat history by neglecting the Black community of Oklahoma City. Theory from rhetoricians, Kenneth Burke and Michel Foucault, are used to create a rhetorical lens that centers power, influence, and discourse. For gentrification scholarship, several scholarly articles are used for the survey of scholarship. The books, Color of Law and Root Shock, are heavily referenced in the project and interviews completed with community members of Oklahoma City are used as primary sources. Oklahoma City states they have historically preserved Deep Deuce, a traditionally African American neighborhood; the rhetoric of their preservation methods, however, reveal that the city has weaponized the land in the past and present to dismantle the local Black community and whitewashes their history to attract tourists and residents to the gentrified neighborhood. These findings are significant in challenging the fact that the city officials state that they are historically preserving an area and challenging their profit-driven motives. It shows the disconnect between preserving the physical environment and preserving the community itself. By cutting off the Black community from the preservation process, failing to include them in the new community, and failing to take responsibility for large contributions to the past destruction of the original community, the city is not authentically and respectfully preserving the space. Suggestions for future research includes further exploring this topic through the lens of Rhetoric of Choice which challenges how those with power and influence, such as the local, state, and federal government shed responsibility for their racist actions, policies, and laws by using rhetoric that states that these things are the cause of individual citizens making choices that do not involve the government or those in power

Combining galaxy and 21cm surveys

Acoustic waves traveling through the early Universe imprint a characteristic scale in the clustering of galaxies, QSOs and inter-galactic gas. This scale can be used as a standard ruler to map the expansion history of the Universe, a technique known as Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO). BAO offer a high-precision, low-systematics means of constraining our cosmological model. The statistical power of BAO measurements can be improved if the `smearing' of the acoustic feature by non-linear structure formation is undone in a process known as reconstruction. In this paper we use low-order Lagrangian perturbation theory to study the ability of $21\,$cm experiments to perform reconstruction and how augmenting these surveys with galaxy redshift surveys at relatively low number densities can improve performance. We find that the critical number density which must be achieved in order to benefit $21\,$cm surveys is set by the linear theory power spectrum near its peak, and corresponds to densities achievable by upcoming surveys of emission line galaxies such as eBOSS and DESI. As part of this work we analyze reconstruction within the framework of Lagrangian perturbation theory with local Lagrangian bias, redshift-space distortions, ${\bf k}$-dependent noise and anisotropic filtering schemes.Comment: 10 pages, final version to appear in MNRAS, helpful suggestions from referee and others include

Association of gross virus-associated cell-surface antigen with liposomes.

Gross Cell-Surface Antigen (GCSAa) was obtained from W/Fu (C58NT)D lymphoma cells by Nonidet P40(NP40) or 3M KCl extraction and further purified by Sephadex G200 filtration. GCSAa was associated with lipids (dipalmitoylphosphatidycholine, cholesterol and dicetylphosphate, in molar ratios of 7:2:1) to form multilamellar liposomes. The amount of protein associated with liposomes was found to be proportional to the protein concentration of the sensitizing cellular extract and to the amount of phospholipids used and, under defined conditions, 22-55% of the protein of the cellular extract could be associated with liposomes. Analysis of disrupted sensitized liposomes showed that the GCSAa-specific activity of the liposome-associated proteins was quite similar to that of the proteins of the sensitizing cellular extract. Ultracentrifugation of disrupted liposomes showed that about 75% of the liposome-associated GCSAa activity was firmly associated with lipids and that little GCSAa was trapped within aqueous compartments between lipidic lamellae. 1.8--8.0% of the liposome-associated GCSAa was expressed at the liposome surface. No striking differences in degree of GCSAa association were found between liposomes sensitized by NP40 or by 3M KCl extracts. Storage experiments at +4 degrees C showed that GCSAa-sensitized liposomes were fairly stable

Limitation of energy deposition in classical N body dynamics

Energy transfers in collisions between classical clusters are studied with Classical N Body Dynamics calculations for different entrance channels. It is shown that the energy per particle transferred to thermalised classical clusters does not exceed the energy of the least bound particle in the cluster in its ``ground state''. This limitation is observed during the whole time of the collision, except for the heaviest system.Comment: 13 pages, 15 figures, 1 tabl

Probing star formation in the dense environments of z ~ 1 lensing haloes aligned with dusty star-forming galaxies detected with the South Pole Telescope

We probe star formation in the environments of massive (∼10^(13) M_⊙) dark matter haloes at redshifts of z ∼ 1. This star formation is linked to a submillimetre clustering signal which we detect in maps of the Planck High Frequency Instrument that are stacked at the positions of a sample of high redshift (z > 2) strongly lensed dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) selected from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) 2500 deg^2 survey. The clustering signal has submillimetre colours which are consistent with the mean redshift of the foreground lensing haloes (z ∼ 1). We report a mean excess of star formation rate (SFR) compared to the field, of (2700 ± 700) M_⊙ yr^(−1) from all galaxies contributing to this clustering signal within a radius of 3.5 arcmin from the SPT DSFGs. The magnitude of the Planck excess is in broad agreement with predictions of a current model of the cosmic infrared background. The model predicts that 80 per cent of the excess emission measured by Planck originates from galaxies lying in the neighbouring haloes of the lensing halo. Using Herschel maps of the same fields, we find a clear excess, relative to the field, of individual sources which contribute to the Planck excess. The mean excess SFR compared to the field is measured to be (370 ± 40) M_⊙ yr^(−1) per resolved, clustered source. Our findings suggest that the environments around these massive z ∼ 1 lensing haloes host intense star formation out to about 2 Mpc. The flux enhancement due to clustering should also be considered when measuring flux densities of galaxies in Planck data

Measurement of Gross cell-surface antigen and p30 level in murine retrovirus-infected cell lines.

The level of Gross cell-surface antigen (GCSAa) expression at the surface of murine retrovirus-infected fibroblasts was determined by quantitative absorption of the anti-GCSAa activity of a serum produced in syngeneic W/Fu rats immunized against (C58NT)D lymphoma, and tested in a cytotoxicity assay against E male G2 lymphoma cells. While GCSAa was specifically expressed on Gross-type virus (G-MuLV)-induced lymphoma cells, and while G-MuLV and G-related MuLV induced a high level of GCSAa expression on murine fibroblasts, the Friend-Moloney-Rauscher (FMR) group viruses (FMR MuLV) and xenotropic isolates were also able to induce a high or intermediate level of GCSAa. Since GCSAa has been shown to be borne by glycosylated precursors of the viral nucleocapside (gp95gag and gp85gag), the amount of GCSAa expressed on these cells was compared to the level of cytoplasmic p30. In G- and G-related MuLV-infected cell lines, a significant relationship was found between the amount of GCSAa and the level of p30, whereas in FMR-MuLV or xenotropic virus-infected cells the amount of GCSAa varied independently of the p30 level. These results could explain the discrepancy in the specificity of expression of GCSAa in vivo and in vitro