trans-Dichlorido(1,4,8,11-tetra­azacyclo­tetra­deca­ne)manganese(III) tetra­fluorido­borate

In the title manganese(III) complex, [MnCl2(C10H24N4)]BF4 or trans-[MnCl2(cyclam)]BF4 (cyclam is the tetra­dentate amine ligand 1,4,8,11-tetra­azacyclo­tetra­deca­ne), the MnIII ions occupy the center of a distorted octa­hedron coordinated by all four ligand nitro­gen donors in the macrobicyclic cavity and two chloride ions occupy the axial positions. Intra­molecular hydrogen bonding involving the coordinated chloride ions and the hydrogen atoms of the cyclam ligand is observed. Inter­molecular hydrogen bonding involving the tetrafluoridoborate anion and hydrogen atoms of the cyclam ligand leads to an infinite one-dimensional chain along the a axis. The tetra­fluoridoborate and inorganic units are linked by N—H⋯F hydrogen bonds. The structure may be compared with those of analogous compounds [MnCl2(cyclam)]ClO4 and [Mn(CN)2(cyclam)]ClO4

Crystal structure of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediammonium dinitrate

N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediammonium dinitrate has been synthesized. The crystal and molecular structure of the title compound has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. C6H18N4O6, M =242.24, Triclinic, a = 6.040(2) Å, b = 6.834(3) Å, c = 7.867(2) Å, α = 74.1120(10)°, β = 83.700(2)°, γ = 80.314(2)°, V = 307.12(19) Å3, T = 298(2) K, space group P-1 (no. 2), Z = 1, μ(Mo-Kα) = 0.115, 2383 reflections measured, 1342 unique (Rint = 0.0169) which were used in all calculations. The final wR(F2) was 0.1262 (all data). In the title compound, C6H18N22+.2NO3-, both N atoms of the cationic moiety are protonated and linked via hydrogen bonds to two trigonal planar nitrate anions. Two types of classical hydrogen bonds are observed: N1-H…O1 and N1-H…O2. These bonds link the cations and the anions together, forming a one-dimensional network and reinforcing the cohesion of the ionic structure

ARSENIC SPECIATION WITHIN THE MAMMALIAN METABOLISM

Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a ubiquitous element in the environment- it innately exists within the earth’s crust and mobilizes into the atmosphere, soil, water, and within organisms [1]. Information on arsenic speciation within tissues is limited, although speciation is vital given that each arsenic species has different qualitative and quantitative differences in toxicity [2]. The goal of this thesis is to (1) provide a non-systematic literature review to compare the current state of literature and define the gaps in mammalian arsenic speciation and note arsenic metabolism within the lungs, liver, and spleen and to (2) develop arsenic extraction and analysis methods to assess arsenic in lung, spleen, and liver tissues of male and female C57BL6 mice exposed to 0, and 1000 ppb of sodium (meta) arsenite in drinking water. Arsenic species iAsIII, iAsV, MMA, and DMA were examined through use of high-performance liquid chromatography joined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) within spiked mammalian tissues. Arsenic species were detected during a preliminary assessment of 1000 ppb dosed spleen and lung. This research evaluates a method for arsenic speciation in different tissues. The use of these method in follow-up studies will provide insight for the potential biochemical pathways, toxicological mechanisms, and allow for future inferences about arsenic species in mammalian tissue

Enhancing the mental image of the institution through modern packaging technics as a branch of the institutional identity

Visual identity has an important role regarding trade, industry and advertising nowadays, this is to be able to differentiate every service or product from its similar all over the world, in the era of information technology, international trade and widely spread advertising and because of the wide variety of brand names it became a necessity to have a clear visual identity which helps it have a clear mark in its customers minds in addition to expected customers too, so designers rely on building a specific visual identity through analyzing and creating a specific concept because building that specific concept can relate to a visual identity that can be part of special visual identity for a certain product or service, so it is crucial to know how to enhance the visual identity of an institution through modern technics of packaging being considered as one of the identity specifications of the institution, and because the number of researches handling this matter is scarce, this research aims at enhancing the mental image of the institution through modern packaging technics as one of the branches of the institution identity and to achieve this we elaborate (the concept of the mental image, its formed kinds towards institutions, what it consists of, its forming tools, steps of building it and the requirements for a successful formation of it) visual identity and its analysis through some models that can enhance the mental image of any institution (brand life cycle - AIDA model - Maslow's hierarchy of human needs - SWOT Analysis), Casting light over modern packaging technics as a branch of institutional identity after then we reach the complementary relation between these models and being able to use them in a way that enhances the mental image of the institution through database and analysis resulting from these models and advertising analysis in addition to using the complementary relation between them to keep clients loyal to the institution

4-Sulfamoylanilinium chloride

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C6H9N2O2S+·Cl−, the chloride anions are sandwiched between layers of 4-sulfonamido­anilinium anions. The components interact by way of N—H⋯Cl and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, building up a three-dimensional network

catena-Poly[bis­(4-amino­pyridinium) [[diaqua­manganese(II)]-di-μ-chlorido] dichloride]

Single crystals of the title organic–inorganic hybrid, {(C5H7N2)2[MnCl2(H2O)2]Cl2}n, were synthesized from an ethanol solution containing manganese(II) chloride tetra­hydrate and 4-amino­pyridine under acidic conditions. The asymmetric unit contains a disordered organic cation (occupancies in the ratio 0.72:0.28), a chloride anion and an MnCl(H2O) moiety with the MnII atom located on an inversion center. The structure is built up of infinite chains of edge-sharing [MnCl4(H2O)2] octa­hedra developing parallel to the a axis which are separated by the 4-amino­pyridinium ions and discrete chloride ions. The organic cations occupy the empty space around each inorganic chain. Structural cohesion is organized through N—H⋯Cl and O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, which build up a three-dimensional network

Production of Antimicrobial Agent from Marine Bacteria Isolated from Mediterranean

Abstract: One hundred and forty marine isolates were obtained from various marine samples at different depths including seawater, sediment, algae, coral and rhizosphere of mangrove from both Mediterranean and Red sea, Egypt. After screening of the marine microbial isolates for the antimicrobial activity against pathogenic test strains; one of the best isolates that showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was selected for both phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis. The results showed that the bacterium is Gram positive bacilli and it showed 99% homology with Bacillus licheniformis. The optimum antibiotic biosynthesis was obtained after 72 h of incubation period, agitation speeds at 180 rpm, initial fermentation pH at 7.0, incubation temperature at 30°C, inoculums size of 0.5 % (v/v), using glucose as a carbon source at concentration of 0.2% (w/v) and soybean as a nitrogen source at concentration of 1 % (w/v)