2,660 research outputs found
3D culture technologies of cancer stem cells: promising ex vivo tumor models
Cancer stem cells have been shown to be important in tumorigenesis processes, such as tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence. As such, many three-dimensional models have been developed to establish an ex vivo microenvironment that cancer stem cells experience under in vivo conditions. Cancer stem cells propagating in three-dimensional culture systems show physiologically related signaling pathway profiles, gene expression, cell–matrix and cell–cell interactions, and drug resistance that reflect at least some of the tumor properties seen in vivo. Herein, we discussed the presently available Cancer stem cell three-dimensional culture models that use biomaterials and engineering tools and the biological implications of these models compared to the conventional ones
Calorimetric Evidence for Nodes in the Overdoped Ba(FeCo)As
We present low-temperature specific heat of the electron-doped
Ba(FeCo)As, which does not show any indication of
an upturn down to 400 mK, the lowest measuring temperature. The lack of a
Schottky-like feature at low temperatures or in magnetic fields up to 9 Tesla
enables us to identify enhanced low-temperature quasiparticle excitations and
to study anisotropy in the linear term of the specific heat. Our results can
not be explained by a single or multiple isotropic superconducting gap, but are
consistent with multi-gap superconductivity with nodes on at least one Fermi
surface sheet.Comment: 5 pages 4 figure
Conformal and Ultra Shallow Junction Formation Achieved Using a Pulsed-Laser Annealing Process Integrated With a Modified Plasma Assisted Doping Method
Recently, a shallow and conformal doping profile is required for promising 3D structured devices. In this study, we deposited the dopant phosphorus (P) using modified plasma assisted doping (PaD) followed by an annealing process to electrically activate the dopants. A rapid thermal annealing process (RTP) was the first approach tested for activation but it resulted in a deep junction ( > 35 nm). To reduce the junction depth, we tried the fiash lamp annealing process (FLP) to shorten the annealing time. We also predicted the annealing temperature by numerical thermal analysis, which reached 1,020 degrees C. However, the FLP resulted in a deep junction (similar to 30 nm), which was not shallow enough to suppress short channel effects. Since an even shorter annealing process was required to form a ultra-shallow junction, we tried the laser annealing process (LAP) as a promising alternative. The LAP, which had a power density of 0.3 J/cm(2), increased the surface temperature up to 1,100 degrees C with a shallow isothermal layer. Using the LAP, we achieved a USJ with an activated surface dopant concentration of 3.86 x 10(19) cm(-3) and a junction depth of 10 nm, which will allow further scaling-down of devices.1
High efficiency blue organic light-emitting diodes with below-bandgap electroluminescence
Blue organic light-emitting diodes require high triplet interlayer materials, which induce large energetic barriers at the interfaces resulting in high device voltages and reduced efficiencies. Here, we alleviate this issue by designing a low triplet energy hole transporting interlayer with high mobility, combined with an interface exciplex that confines excitons at the emissive layer/electron transporting material interface. As a result, blue thermally activated delay fluorescent organic light emitting diodes with a below-bandgap turn-on voltage of 2.5 V and an external quantum efficiency of 41.2% were successfully fabricated. These devices also showed suppressed efficiency roll-off maintaining an EQE of 34.8% at 1000 cd m-2. Our approach paves the way for further progress through exploring alternative device engineering approaches instead of only focusing on the demanding synthesis of organic compounds with complex structures
Search for the Electric Dipole Moment of the tau Lepton
We have searched for a CP violation signature arising from an electric dipole
moment (d_tau) of the tau lepton in the e+e- -> tau+tau- reaction. Using an
optimal observable method and 29.5 fb^{-1} of data collected with the Belle
detector at the KEKB collider at sqrt{s} = 10.58 GeV, we find Re(d_tau) = (1.15
+- 1.70) x 10^{-17} ecm and Im(d_tau) = (-0.83 +- 0.86) x 10^{-17} ecm and set
the 95% confidence level limits -2.2 < Re(d_tau) < 4.5 (10^{-17}ecm) and -2.5 <
Im(d_tau) < 0.8 (10^{-17}ecm).Comment: 15 pages, LaTeX, 21 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett.
Mesurement of the B0 - anti-B0 Mixing Parameter Delta m_d using Semileptonic B0 Decays
We present a measurement of the B^0-B^0bar mixing parameter Delta m_d using
neutral B meson pairs in a 29.1 fb^{-1} data sample collected at the
Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy
e^+e^- collider. We exclusively reconstruct one neutral B meson in the
semileptonic B^0 \to D^{*-}\ell^+\nu decay mode and identify the flavor of the
accompanying B meson from its decay products. From the distribution of the time
intervals between the two flavor-tagged B meson decay points, we obtain Delta
m_d = (0.494 +- 0.012 +- 0.015) ps^{-1}, where the first error is statistical
and the second error is systematic.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, Published in Phys.Rev.Lett. 89, 251803 (2002
Observation of Cabibbo-suppressed and W-exchange Lambda_c^+ baryon decays
We present measurements of the Cabibbo-suppressed decays Lambda_c^+ -->
Lambda0 K+ and Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma0 K+ (both first observations), Lambda_c^+
--> Sigma+ K+ pi- (seen with large statistics for the first time), Lambda_c^+
--> p K+ K- and Lambda_c^+ --> p phi (measured with improved accuracy).
Improved branching ratio measurements for the decays Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ K+
K- and Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ phi, which are attributed to W-exchange diagrams,
are shown. We also present the first evidence for Lambda_c^+ --> Xi(1690)^0 K+
and set an upper limit on the non-resonant decay Lambda_c^+ --> Sigma+ K+ K-.
This analysis was performed using 32.6 fb^{-1} of data collected by the Belle
detector at the asymmetric e+ e- collider KEKB.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Lett. B. v2: A small correction to the Authorlist
was made. An earlier version of this analysis was released as
BELLE-CONF-0130, hep-ex/010800
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