4-(4-Chloro­phen­yl)-3-cyano-7-(4-meth­oxy­phen­yl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetra­hydro-4H-chromen-2-aminium methano­late

In the cation of the title organic ion pair compound, C23H20ClN2O3 +·CH3O−, the cyclo­hexyl ring shows a half-boat conformation and the dihedral angles between two benzene rings and the pyran ring are 83.14 (7) and 73.18 (9)°. In the crystal, centrosymmetrically related cations are linked into a dimer by pairs of N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, generating an R 2 2(12) ring motif. The anion inter­acts with the dimer through an N—H⋯O hydrogen bond. π–π inter­actions between pyran rings of adjacent dimers, with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.861 (2) Å, are also observed

Alimentary canal of the lesser house fly, Fannia canicularis (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Fanniidae)

The alimentary canal of Fannia canicularis was studied intensively for the first time, highlighting the description of morphological characteristics and providing detailed morphometric data. Two pairs of Malpighian tubules with considerably different length were found which has been rarely documented for Calyptratae flies before. Furthermore, stout cardia and sinewy crop of the samples were ob- served and supposed to be responsible for the energy needed to support the long- time swarming behavior of the species

Effects of losses in the hybrid atom-light interferometer

Enhanced Raman scattering can be obtained by injecting a seeded light field which is correlated with the initially prepared collective atomic excitation. This Raman amplification process can be used to realize atom-light hybrid interferometer. We numerically calculate the phase sensitivities and the signal-to-noise ratios of this interferometer with the method of homodyne detection and intensity detection, and give their differences between this two methods. In the presence of loss of light field and atomic decoherence the measure precision will be reduced which can be explained by the break of the intermode decorrelation conditions of output modesComment: 9 pages, 7 figure