Exploring the "Class-Enterprise Cooperation" Training Mode for International Economics and Trade Undergraduate Students: a case study in Wenzhou University

After years of curriculum development for the undergraduate majoring in International economic and trade, Wenzhou University has achieved some success in professional trainings as well as industrial practice. However, with the rapid pace of the economic and job market development, there is a growing demand for application-oriented university graduates. This articles takes "Class-Enterprise Cooperation" Training Mode in the curriculum development of Oujiang College, Wenzhou University as an example to explore the application-oriented university training model. The practical meaning of the "Class-enterprise cooperation" is examined and how this new teaching and training model would promote the undergraduate program reform is explored. Keywords: Class-Enterprise Cooperation, practice and teaching

Gonad transcriptome analysis reveals the differences in gene expression related to sex-biased and reproduction of clam Cyclina sinensis

Sexual differentiation and gonad development are important biological processes for bivalve species. The clam Cyclina sinensis is an important cultured marine bivalve widely distributed along with the coastal areas of China. However, the information related to sexual determination/differentiation and gonadal development of C. sinensis almost has no reported. To study the molecular mechanisms of its sexual determination/differentiation and gonadal development, transcriptome analysis was performed in the gonad of C. sinensis, and the potential biological functions of reproduction-related gene were also investigated in this study. The results showed that 1 013 and 427 genes were differentially expressed in the ovary and testis, respectively. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs in the gonad were significantly clustered in progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, cell cycle and oocyte meiosis. Further analysis showed that 23 genes were mainly involved in sex determination/differentiation, including Dmrt1, Sox2/4/9, Foxl2, β-catenin and GATA-type zinc finger protein 1-like. Twenty key genes were mainly involved in the process of spermatogenesis, and five genes encode steroid biosynthesis and metabolism. Fifteen genes related to ovarian development were also identified in this study, such as Vitellogenin, MAM and LDL-receptor class A domain-containing protein 1 and Cell division cycle protein 20 homolog. Moreover, 50µg/L estradiol treatment significantly up-regulated the expression levels of CsVg in the ovary and hepatopancreas. These results highlight the genes involved in sexual determination/differentiation and gonadal development, which enhance our understanding for further studies of reproduction and breeding of C. sinensis and other marine bivalves

Effects of acute ammonia exposure and post-exposure recovery on nonspecific immunity in Clam Cyclina sinensis

This study aimed to assess the toxicity of ammonia on clam Cyclina sinensis and the post-exposure recovery. With increased exposure to TAN, the alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activities after exposure showed a trend of growing initially and subsequently decreasing, whereas the AKP activities after post-exposure recovery showed an increasing trend. The AKP activities after post-exposure recovery were significantly higher than those in control. The acid phosphatase (ACP) activities in T1 and T2 after post-exposure recovery were higher than those in the control, whereas the ACP activities in T3, T4, and T5 after post-exposure recovery were significantly higher than those in the control. The lysozyme (LZM) activities in T1 and T2 after exposure were significantly higher than those in control, whereas the LZM activities in T3, T4, and T5 after exposure were significantly lower than those in the control. Overall, ACP and LZM in the clams exposed to a low level of TAN (≤ 40 mg/L) can recover to the normal levels completely. However, a 48h recovery period scarcely seems adequate to compensate for AKP, ACP, and LZM activities in the clams exposed to a high level of TAN (> 40 mg/L)