31 research outputs found
Clinical Sequencing Exploratory Research Consortium: Accelerating Evidence-Based Practice of Genomic Medicine
Despite rapid technical progress and demonstrable effectiveness for some types of diagnosis and therapy, much remains to be learned about clinical genome and exome sequencing (CGES) and its role within the practice of medicine. The Clinical Sequencing Exploratory Research (CSER) consortium includes 18 extramural research projects, one National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) intramural project, and a coordinating center funded by the NHGRI and National Cancer Institute. The consortium is exploring analytic and clinical validity and utility, as well as the ethical, legal, and social implications of sequencing via multidisciplinary approaches; it has thus far recruited 5,577 participants across a spectrum of symptomatic and healthy children and adults by utilizing both germline and cancer sequencing. The CSER consortium is analyzing data and creating publically available procedures and tools related to participant preferences and consent, variant classification, disclosure and management of primary and secondary findings, health outcomes, and integration with electronic health records. Future research directions will refine measures of clinical utility of CGES in both germline and somatic testing, evaluate the use of CGES for screening in healthy individuals, explore the penetrance of pathogenic variants through extensive phenotyping, reduce discordances in public databases of genes and variants, examine social and ethnic disparities in the provision of genomics services, explore regulatory issues, and estimate the value and downstream costs of sequencing. The CSER consortium has established a shared community of research sites by using diverse approaches to pursue the evidence-based development of best practices in genomic medicine
The hafnium-carbon phase diagram /
"July 1967"--Cover.Bibliography: p. 16.Mode of access: Internet
Regio- and Stereospecific <i>C</i>- and <i>O</i>‑Allylation of Phenols via π‑Allyl Pd Complexes Derived from Allylic Ester Carbonates
Two complementary strategies have
been developed for the <i>C</i>- and <i>O</i>-allylation
of phenols via a common
π-allyl Pd complex. While <i>O</i>-allylation of phenols
by this method is a well-recognized reaction of general utility, the
associated <i>para</i>-selective <i>C</i>-allylation
reaction is still in its infancy. Cationic π-allyl Pd intermediates,
derived from allylic ester carbonates and palladium(0) catalyst, were
found to undergo the Friedel–Crafts-type <i>para</i>-selective <i>C</i>-allylations with nine different phenols.
Both <i>C-</i> and <i>O-</i>allylated products
were obtained in good to excellent yields following a metal-catalyzed
regio- and stereospecific substitutive 1,3-transposition. Conditions
were also identified that control access to either allylated product.
Finally, a study of the equilibrium established between the two allylation
products revealed that the <i>O-</i>allylated compound was
the kinetic product and the <i>C-</i>allylated compound
the thermodynamic product