Development and Validation of Implicit Measures for Organizational Climate

Organizational climate is the shared perceptions and valuations people hold about their experiences in the workplace. Organizational climate research has relied upon self-report measures, which can be influenced by impression management and inaccurate self-knowledge artifacts. This research used IAT procedures to develop measures of selected aspects of organizational climate and examined the relationships of the implicit measures with theoretically related explicit measures according to a multitrait-multimethod design. Confirmatory factor analyses of alternative latent trait models provided evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. Future research might focus upon developing measures with better psychometric properties and exploring the potential for incremental predictive validity

The microstructure of the crinoid endoskeleton

52 p., 30 pl.http://paleo.ku.edu/contributions.htm

Iron Isotopic Diagnostics of Presolar Supernova Grains

The most thoroughly studied of the isotopi-cally anomalous presolar grains are silicon-carbide crystals (1). Both X-type SiC and low-density graphite grains condensed within the interiors of supernovae during their expansion and cooling (2). This paper concerns itself with iron in those su-pernova condensates (SUNOCONs), for which Fe anomalies was an early prediction (3). A major problem in SUNOCON interpretation has been that although the grains clearly rep-resent supernova interiors, it is not clear from which parcels of gas the grains condensed. The presence of 60-yr Ti in SUNOCONs as a major isotope of Ti demonstrates the prompt condensation of titanium, long before supernova ejecta have mixed with circumstellar matter, and even long before the reverse shock reheats the supernovae ejecta

Nuclear Reactions Governing the Nucleosynthesis of 44Ti

Large excesses of 44Ca in certain presolar graphite and silicon carbide grains give strong evidence for 44Ti production in supernovae. Furthermore, recent detection of the 44Ti c line from the Cas A super-nova remnant by the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory Compton Telescope shows that radioactive 44Ti is produced in supernovae. These make the 44Ti abundance an observable diagnostic of supernovae. Through use of a nuclear reaction network, we have systematically varied reaction rates and groups of reaction rates to experimentally identify those that govern 44Ti abundance in core-collapse supernova nucleosynthesis. We survey the nuclear-rate dependence by repeated calculations of the identical adia-batic expansion, with peak temperature and density chosen to be 5.5]109 K and 107 gcm~3, respec-tively, to approximate the conditions in detailed supernova models. We Ðnd that, for equal total numbers of neutrons and protons (g\0), 44Ti production is most sensitive to the following reaction rates: 44Ti(a, p)47V, a(2a, c)12C, 44Ti(a, c)48Cr, and 45V(p, c)46Cr. We tabulate the most sensitive reactions in order of their importance to the 44Ti production near the standard values of currently accepted reaction rates, at both a reduced reaction rate (times 0.01) and an increased reaction rate (times 100) relative to their standard values. Although most reactions retain their importance for g[0, that of 45V(p, c)46Cr drops rapidly for gº0.0004. Other reactions assume greater significance at greater neutron excess: 12C(a, c)16O, 40Ca(a, c)44Ti, 27Al(a, n)30P, 30Si(a, n)33S. Because many of these rates are unknown experimentally, our results suggest the most important targets for future cross section measure-ments governing the value of this observable abundance

Radioactive Chemical Kinetics of Large Supernova Dust

Supernovae are profoundly radioactive. Accord-ingly, we seek a new picture for radioactive regulation of the condensation of dust within their comoving, expanding, and cooling gaseous interiors. Such supernova condensates (SUNOCONs 1,2) from presolar galactic supernovae are recovered from meteorites (graphite, SiC) and are identified by predicted (3) excess 26Mg, 41K, and 44Ca from post-event decay of 26Al, 41Ca and 44Ti (4). Their isotopic compositions suggest mixed-shell material. This suggests two puzzles: 1.Why are the discovered SUNOCONs so large? 2.Where are the expected more numerous ones from unmixed super-nova shells? We propose that the large sizes and the miner-alized structures of SUNOCONs result from five controls: population control, cooling, admixed seed grains, catalysis, and entropic arrow. The constraints are driven by radioac-tivity and rapid decline of gas density, which maintains atomic abundances far from thermal equilibrium. Central to the carbide SUNOCONs is the CO molecule, whose disrup-tion by Compton electrons (5) maintains free carbon that enables graphite or SiC growth

Molybdenum Isotopes from a Neutron Burst

The molybdenum isotopes in two silicon carbide X grains have been studied with resonant-ionization mass spectrometry (1). The resulting isotopic patterns are anomalous and quite puzzling. In particular, the grains show large excesses in 95Mo and 97Mo. Such an isotopic signature is distinctly different from the s-process pattern seen in the mainstream SiC grains in which 96Mo and 98Mo excesses pre-vail. It is also different from the expected r-process pattern for which the largest expected excess would be at 100Mo. The X grain Mo isotopic patterns suggest a different origin for these isotopes than the classical s- and r-processes

Zoogeography of Tropical Western Atlantic Crinoidea (Echinodermata)

Recent collections of crinoids from the intertidal zone to 1,650 m in the tropical western Atlantic have provided significant range extensions for more than half of the 44 comatulid and stalked species known from the region. Of the 34 comatulid species, over 60% are endemic to the region; of the 10 stalked species, 90% are endemic. At the familial level, this fauna has its strongest affinities with the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Comatulids are most abundant above 300 m, while stalked species occur primarily between 100 and 700 m. Species that occur primarily above 600 m (the deepest penetration of the 10°C isotherm in the region) have depth ranges generally narrower than 200 m. Species that are found below 1,000 m generally have much broader depth ranges